initial

adjective

OPAL W OPAL S

/ɪˈnɪʃl/

[only before noun]

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happening at the beginning; first最初的；开始的；第一的
- There is an initial payment of £60 followed by ten instalments of £25.首期付款60英镑，接下来还有十次25英镑的分期付款。
- The government will make an initial investment of $ 4.7 billion in the company.政府将对该公司进行47亿美元的初始投资。
- in the initial stages (= at the beginning) of the campaign运动的最初阶段
- an initial phase/period初始阶段/时期
- an initial assessment/investigation/report 初步评估/调查/报告
- My initial reaction was to decline the offer.我最初的反应是婉言谢绝这个提议。
- Her initial response was one of anger.她最初的反应是愤怒。
Extra Examples
- After some initial hesitation, teachers seem to have accepted the new system.老师们起初有些犹豫，但似乎已经接受了这套新体制。
- After the initial surprise I got to like the place.最初的惊讶过后，我喜欢上了这个地方。
- By 1960 the initial optimism had evaporated.到1960年时，最初的乐观主义已经消失了。
- His initial surge of euphoria was quickly followed by dismay.他最初的一阵兴奋很快变为沮丧。
- Initial failure was followed by unexpected, if modest, success.最初的失败之后是意想不到的成功，即便并不辉煌。
- It is the initial preparation that takes the time.花时间的是最初的准备工作。
- My initial scepticism was replaced with respectful admiration.我最初的怀疑后来变成了钦佩和崇敬。
- When the initial shock had worn off, I got used to the situation.当最初的震惊消失后，我习惯了这种情况。
- the initial outlay最初的费用
- the initial planning最初的计划
Word Originearly 16th cent.: from Latin initialis, from initium ‘beginning’, from inire ‘go in’, from in- ‘into’ + ire ‘go’.

initial

noun

/ɪˈnɪʃl/

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[countable] the first letter of a person’s first name（名字的）首字母
- ‘What initial is it, Mrs Owen?’ ‘It's J, J for Jane.’“首字母是什么，欧文太太？” “是 J，Jane 的 J。”
Extra Examples
- When writing, if you use initials for a long name, make sure you spell out the name at least once.写作中如果用首字母代替一个较长的名字，文中至少应该把全名拼写一遍。
initials
[plural] the first letters of all the names of a person or thing（全名的）首字母
- John Fitzgerald Kennedy was often known by his initials JFK.人们常以姓名的首字母 JFK 称约翰 · 菲茨杰拉德 · 肯尼迪。
- Just write your initials.写下你的姓名首字母即可。
Extra Examples
- A stone over the door bears the initials ‘R.P.’, which stand for ‘Ralph Piggot’.门楣的石头上刻有R.P. 的字样，那是“拉尔夫·皮戈特”的首字母。
- He carved his girlfriend's initials in the rock.他把女朋友姓名的缩写刻在石头上。
- She's always been known by her initials.她一直以自己名字的首字母而为人所知。
- The two authors have the same initials.这两位作者姓名的首字母是一样的。
- Now that she was chief executive officer, she could put the initials CEO after her name.她现在当上了首席执行官，可以在自己名字后面缀上职务的首字母缩写 CEO 了。
- SC are the initials for Santa Catarina.SC 是圣卡塔里娜（Santa Catarina）的首字母。
Oxford Collocations Dictionary
verb + initial
- have
- be known by
- become known by
- …
initial + verb
- stand for something
preposition
- initial for
See full entry

Word Originearly 16th cent.: from Latin initialis, from initium ‘beginning’, from inire ‘go in’, from in- ‘into’ + ire ‘go’.

initial

verb

/ɪˈnɪʃl/

Verb Forms

present simple I / you / we / they initial	/ɪˈnɪʃl/ /ɪˈnɪʃl/
he / she / it initials	/ɪˈnɪʃlz/ /ɪˈnɪʃlz/
past simple initialled	/ɪˈnɪʃld/ /ɪˈnɪʃld/
past participle initialled	/ɪˈnɪʃld/ /ɪˈnɪʃld/
(US English) past simple initialed	/ɪˈnɪʃld/ /ɪˈnɪʃld/
(US English) past participle initialed	/ɪˈnɪʃld/ /ɪˈnɪʃld/
-ing form initialling	/ɪˈnɪʃlɪŋ/ /ɪˈnɪʃlɪŋ/
(US English) -ing form initialing	/ɪˈnɪʃlɪŋ/ /ɪˈnɪʃlɪŋ/

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initial something to mark or sign something with your initials用姓名的首字母作标记（或签名）于
- Please initial each page and sign in the space provided.请在每一页写上姓名首字母并在规定的空白处签字。
- The agreement was finally initialled on May 8.协议终于在5月8日草签。
Word Originearly 16th cent.: from Latin initialis, from initium ‘beginning’, from inire ‘go in’, from in- ‘into’ + ire ‘go’.