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a group of people who are elected to govern an area such as a city or county （市、郡等的）政务委员会，地方议会 a town council 市议会 The decision still has to be ratified by the full council. 该决定仍需得到全体委员会的批准。 - on the council
She's on the local council. 她是地方议会的议员。 He won a seat on the council in a by-election. 他在补缺选举中赢得了议会的一个席位。 She has served on the council for four years. 她已经在委员会任职四年了。 a member/meeting of the council 理事会成员/会议 the leader of the council 委员会的领导人 a council member/leader 委员会成员/领导人 a council meeting/chamber 议会会议/议院
Culture local governmentlocal governmentThe system of local government is slightly different in England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. England is divided into counties each with a county council which is responsible for certain services. Each county is divided again into districts, each with a district council responsible for a smaller area. Districts are further divided into parishes which were originally villages with churches. In some parts of England, there are instead unitary authorities which have just one level of local government responsible for an area or city, sometimes called a metropolitan district. London has a separate system with an elected Assembly and a mayor. In Scotland, there are 32 council areas. Wales is divided into 22 counties and county boroughs and Northern Ireland has 11 districts. All of these are unitary authorities with one level of local government.Councils consist of councillors who are representatives elected by local people for a period of four years. Most councillors belong to a political party and, especially at county level, people often vote for them as representatives of a party, not as individuals. Since the Local Government Act of 2000, councils have been led by a council leader and a cabinet of councillors, or a directly elected mayor and a cabinet. Councils meet in a council chamber at the local town hall or county hall.Councils make policies for their area which are carried out by local government officers, who have a similar role to civil servants. In England, Scotland and Wales Local authorities (= councils and committees) have responsibilities for education, social services, housing, transport, the fire and police services and other local services. Many people are employed by councils, but many services are also now carried out by private companies who are given contracts by the council. Councils receive some money from central government in the form of grants, they also collect council tax from each household, a tax based on the value of the house.In the US, local government has three levels, with the State government, County government and below that, towns and cities. State government is organized in a similar way to the federal government, with a state constitution in most states which explains the powers of the three branches of state government, the executive, the legislative and the judicial. The executive branch is headed by a governor and state laws are made by a legislature, which usually has two houses, a Senate and a House of Representatives. The judicial branch usually consists of a state supreme court and several lower courts. States have great influence and organize their own system of courts and set local income tax and sales tax.States are divided into counties which have a county government located in a town or city called the county seat. The structure of county government varies from state to state, but most countries have a Board of Commissioners, sometimes called a Board of Supervisors, with the Board and other county officials usually being elected. Services provided by a county government depend on the area, and whether it is mainly urban or rural. In urban areas, city and county governments may work together to provide services for the area. Counties usually have a sheriff's department, a kind of police department, whose officers are called sheriff's deputies.America's cities, towns and other municipalities vary from small towns of a few hundred people to cities of millions. For that reason, there is no single system of local government. Most towns and cities have an elected mayor as their head and a council, made up of elected members from different areas of the city, which makes ordinances (= local laws). A municipal government usually has its own police force and courts, runs local schools, takes care of the roads, and may also provide services like public transport, water and electricity.Topics Politicsb2Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective- executive
- governing
- ruling
- …
- elect
- control
- gain control of
- …
- meet
- vote
- adopt something
- …
- elections
- member
- representative
- …
- on a/the council
- a seat on a council
- (British English)
the organization that provides services in a city or county, for example education, houses, libraries, etc. 市政（或地方管理）服务机构 Residents have complained to the council about the noise. 居民向市政会抱怨噪音。 She has been working for the council since March. 自三月份以来，她一直为委员会工作。 Students should apply to their local council for a grant. 学生应该向当地的市政部门申请助学金。 council workers/staff/officials/officers 市政工人/职员/官员/官员 cuts to council services 削减市政服务
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryverb + council- apply to
- provide
- spend
- employee
- staff
- worker
- …
a group of people chosen to give advice, make rules, do research, provide money, etc. （顾问、立法、研究、基金等）委员会 the Medical Research Council 医学研究会 In Britain, the Arts Council gives grants to theatres. 英国的艺术委员会向剧院提供资金。
Extra ExamplesHe'll have to appear before the professional conduct committee of the General Medical Council. 他必须在总医务委员会的职业行为委员会面前露面。 There are plans to establish a funding council for higher education. 有计划要成立一个高等教育基金委员会。 the governing council of the Mormon Church 摩门教会管理委员会 They are setting up a new council for the arts. 他们要成立一个新的艺术委员会。 The Arts Council gives grants for local projects. 艺术委员会为地方项目提供资助。 As a struggling young composer, she applied to the California Arts Council for grant money. 作为一个为生计挣扎的年轻作曲家，她向加利福尼亚艺术委员会申请补助金。 You should visit your local training and enterprise council. 你应该去当地的培训和企业委员会。
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective- advisory
- funding
- governing
- …
- create
- establish
- form
- …
- award somebody something
- give somebody something
- member
- council for
- (formal)
(especially in the past) a formal meeting to discuss what action to take in a particular situation （尤指旧时讨论采取什么行动的）协商会议 see also Privy Council
Word OriginOld English (in the sense ‘ecclesiastical assembly’): from Anglo-Norman French cuncile, from Latin concilium ‘convocation, assembly’, from con- ‘together’ + calare ‘summon’. Compare with counsel.