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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 8010 COCA: 7621

bruise

noun
/bruːz/
/bruːz/
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  1. a blue, brown or purple mark that appears on the skin after somebody has fallen, been hit, etc.青肿;瘀伤;碰伤
    • His legs were covered in bruises.他腿上布满了瘀伤。
    • She suffered only minor cuts and bruises.她只是受了点儿轻微的割伤和挫伤。
    • a huge bruise over his eye他眼睛上的一块大淤青
    Synonyms injureinjure
    • wound
    • hurt
    • bruise
    • sprain
    • pull
    • strain
    These words all mean to harm yourself or somebody else physically, especially in an accident.
    • injure to harm yourself or somebody else physically, especially in an accident:
      • He injured his knee playing hockey.他打曲棍球时膝盖受了伤。
      • Three people were injured in the crash.撞车事故中有三人受伤。
    • wound [often passive] (rather formal) to injure part of the body, especially by making a hole in the skin using a weapon:
      • 50 people were seriously wounded in the attack.这次攻击中有 50 人受重伤。
      Wound is often used to talk about people being hurt in war or in other attacks that affect a lot of people.
    • hurt to cause physical pain to somebody/​yourself; to injure somebody/​yourself:
      • Did you hurt yourself?你伤着自己了吗?
    injure or hurt?用 injure 还是 hurt?You can hurt or injure a part of the body in an accident. Hurt emphasizes the physical pain caused; injure emphasizes that the part of the body has been damaged in some way.
    • bruise to make a blue, brown or purple mark (= a bruise) appear on the skin after somebody has fallen or been hit; to develop a bruise
    • sprain to injure part of your body, especially your ankle, wrist or knee, by suddenly twisting it, causing pain and swelling
    • pull to damage a muscle, etc, by using too much force指拉伤、扭伤(肌肉等)
    • strain to injure yourself or part of your body by making it work too hard:
      • Don’t strain your eyes by reading in poor light.别在光线不足的地方看书把眼睛给伤了。
    Patterns
    • to injure/​hurt/​strain yourself
    • to injure/​hurt/​sprain/​pull/​strain a muscle
    • to injure/​hurt/​sprain your ankle/​foot/​knee/​wrist/​hand
    • to injure/​hurt/​strain your back/​shoulder/​eyes
    • to injure/​hurt your spine/​neck
    • to be badly/​severely/​slightly injured/​wounded/​hurt/​bruised/​sprained
    Extra Examples
    • Minor bruises can be treated at home.轻微的挫伤可以在家进行处理。
    • He had a huge bruise over his eye.他眼睛上有一大块瘀伤。
    • She was treated for minor cuts and bruises.她因轻微划伤和瘀伤而接受治疗。
    • covered with bruises浑身青肿
    Topics Illnessb2
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective
    • black
    • dark
    • livid
    verb + bruise
    • have
    • sport
    • leave
    bruise + verb
    • appear
    • form
    • fade
    phrases
    • cuts and bruises
    See full entry
  2. a mark on a fruit or vegetable where it is damaged(水果或蔬菜的)碰伤,伤痕
  3. Word OriginOld English brȳsan ‘crush or injure with a blow’, reinforced in Middle English by Old French bruisier ‘break’.

bruise

verb
/bruːz/
/bruːz/
Verb Forms
present simple I / you / we / they bruise
/bruːz/
/bruːz/
he / she / it bruises
/ˈbruːzɪz/
/ˈbruːzɪz/
past simple bruised
/bruːzd/
/bruːzd/
past participle bruised
/bruːzd/
/bruːzd/
-ing form bruising
/ˈbruːzɪŋ/
/ˈbruːzɪŋ/
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  1. [intransitive, transitive] to develop a bruise, or make a bruise or bruises appear on the skin of somebody/something(使)出现伤痕;撞伤;擦伤
    • Strawberries bruise easily.草莓容易碰伤。
    • bruise something She had slipped and badly bruised her face.她滑了一跤,摔得鼻青脸肿。
    Synonyms injureinjure
    • wound
    • hurt
    • bruise
    • sprain
    • pull
    • strain
    These words all mean to harm yourself or somebody else physically, especially in an accident.
    • injure to harm yourself or somebody else physically, especially in an accident:
      • He injured his knee playing hockey.他打曲棍球时膝盖受了伤。
      • Three people were injured in the crash.撞车事故中有三人受伤。
    • wound [often passive] (rather formal) to injure part of the body, especially by making a hole in the skin using a weapon:
      • 50 people were seriously wounded in the attack.这次攻击中有 50 人受重伤。
      Wound is often used to talk about people being hurt in war or in other attacks that affect a lot of people.
    • hurt to cause physical pain to somebody/​yourself; to injure somebody/​yourself:
      • Did you hurt yourself?你伤着自己了吗?
    injure or hurt?用 injure 还是 hurt?You can hurt or injure a part of the body in an accident. Hurt emphasizes the physical pain caused; injure emphasizes that the part of the body has been damaged in some way.
    • bruise to make a blue, brown or purple mark (= a bruise) appear on the skin after somebody has fallen or been hit; to develop a bruise
    • sprain to injure part of your body, especially your ankle, wrist or knee, by suddenly twisting it, causing pain and swelling
    • pull to damage a muscle, etc, by using too much force指拉伤、扭伤(肌肉等)
    • strain to injure yourself or part of your body by making it work too hard:
      • Don’t strain your eyes by reading in poor light.别在光线不足的地方看书把眼睛给伤了。
    Patterns
    • to injure/​hurt/​strain yourself
    • to injure/​hurt/​sprain/​pull/​strain a muscle
    • to injure/​hurt/​sprain your ankle/​foot/​knee/​wrist/​hand
    • to injure/​hurt/​strain your back/​shoulder/​eyes
    • to injure/​hurt your spine/​neck
    • to be badly/​severely/​slightly injured/​wounded/​hurt/​bruised/​sprained
    Collocations InjuriesInjuries身体损伤Being injured受伤
    • have a fall/​an injury跌了一跤;受伤
    • receive/​suffer/​sustain a serious injury/​a hairline fracture/(especially British English) whiplash/​a gunshot wound受重伤/轻微骨裂/鞭伤/枪伤
    • hurt/​injure your ankle/​back/​leg伤到脚踝/背/大腿
    • damage the brain/​an ankle ligament/​your liver/​the optic nerve/​the skin损伤大脑/脚踝韧带/肝脏/视神经/皮肤
    • pull/​strain/​tear a hamstring/​ligament/​muscle/​tendon拉伤腘绳肌腱/韧带/肌肉/肌腱
    • sprain/​twist your ankle/​wrist扭伤脚踝/手腕
    • break a bone/​your collarbone/​your leg/​three ribs骨折;锁骨/大腿/三根肋骨骨折
    • fracture/​crack your skull头盖骨破裂
    • break/​chip/​knock out/​lose a tooth碰断了一颗牙;使牙齿崩缺了一块;磕掉/掉了一颗牙
    • burst/​perforate your eardrum使耳膜破裂;鼓膜穿孔
    • dislocate your finger/​hip/​jaw/​shoulder使手指/臀部/下巴/肩膀脱臼
    • bruise/​cut/​graze your arm/​knee/​shoulder擦伤/割破/擦破手臂/膝盖/肩膀
    • burn/​scald yourself/​your tongue烧伤/烫伤自己/舌头
    • bang/​bump/​hit/ (informal) bash your elbow/​head/​knee (on/​against something)(在某物上)撞到肘部/头/膝盖
    Treating injuries治疗伤病
    • treat somebody for burns/​a head injury/​a stab wound给某人治疗烧伤/头部伤/刺伤
    • examine/​clean/​dress/​bandage/​treat a bullet wound检查/清洗/包扎/用绷带包扎/治疗枪伤
    • repair a damaged/​torn ligament/​tendon/​cartilage修复损伤的/拉伤的韧带/肌腱/软骨
    • amputate/​cut off an arm/​a finger/​a foot/​a leg/​a limb截去一只胳膊/一根手指/一只脚/一条腿;截肢
    • put on/ (formal) apply/​take off (especially North American English) a Band-Aid™/(British English) a plaster/​a bandage贴上/使用/撕掉创可贴;缠上/使用/解掉绷带
    • need/​require/​put in/ (especially British English) have (out)/ (North American English) get (out) stitches需要缝针;缝针;拆线
    • put on/​rub on/ (formal) apply cream/​ointment/​lotion涂抹护肤霜/药膏/护肤液
    • have/​receive/​undergo (British English) physiotherapy/(North American English) physical therapy接受物理疗法
    Extra Examples
    • His face was badly bruised.他的脸碰伤得相当严重。
    • She has delicate skin and bruises easily.她的皮肤娇嫩,很容易碰伤。
    • The side of his face was all bruised.他的一边脸满是瘀青。
    • When the assault was over, Jack stood up, battered and bruised.遭遇袭击后,杰克站起身,伤痕累累。
    • Careful: I bruise easily.小心,我很容易受瘀伤。
    Topics Illnessb2
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadverb
    • badly
    • easily
    phrases
    • be all bruised
    • battered and bruised
    • bruised and battered
    See full entry
  2. [transitive, usually passive] to affect somebody badly and make them feel unhappy and less confident打击;挫伤
    • be bruised (by something) They had been badly bruised by the defeat.失败使他们的自信心大为受挫。
  3. Word OriginOld English brȳsan ‘crush or injure with a blow’, reinforced in Middle English by Old French bruisier ‘break’.

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