need noun ⇨need (children with special needs)⇨desire (the need to talk)⇨poverty (people in need)⇨reason (no need to do sth)need
noun
need ♦︎ requirement ♦︎ necessity ♦︎ essential ♦︎ wantThese words are all words for sth that you need, or a situation in which sth is necessary.这些词均表示必需品或必要、需要。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a need / requirement / necessity for sth◆basic needs / requirements / necessities / essentials◆a / an pressing / urgent / immediate / absolute / fundamental need / requirement / necessity◆a political / social / physical need / requirement / necessity◆human / bodily needs / wants◆the bare necessities / essentials◆to have a need / a requirement / wants◆to meet / satisfy sb's needs / requirements / wants◆to understand / be aware of / remove / reduce the need / requirement / necessity for sth■need [singular, uncountable] the fact that sth must happen or be done必要;需要;必须◆There is an urgent need for qualified teachers.迫切需要合格教师。◆There is no need for you to get up early tomorrow.你明天不必早起。◆I had no need to open the letter-I knew what it would say.我没必要拆开那封信-我知道里面会说些什么。◆The house is in need of a thorough clean.这房子需要来个大扫除。ⓘ Your needs [plural] are the things that you must have in order to live in a comfortable way or achieve what you want.复数形式的needs指达至生活舒适或成就某事所需要的事物◆First we will assess your financial needs.我们首先会评估你经济上的需要。◆Your role will be to support children with special educational needs.你的职责是帮助有特殊教育需要的儿童。 see also need ⇨ desirenoun■requirement [countable] (formal) something that you need or want所需的(或想要的)东西◆Our immediate requirement is extra staff.我们急需增加人手。◆These goods are surplus to requirements(= more than we need).这些货物超过了我们的需要。■necessity nəˈsesəti [countable] (ratherformal) the fact that sth must happen or be done; sth that you must have and cannot manage without必要;需要;必需的事物;必需品◆There had never been any necessity for her to go out to work.她从来就没有出去工作的必要。◆Many people cannot even afford basic necessities such as food and clothing.许多人甚至买不起食物和衣服之类的基本必需品。◆Air-conditioning is an absolute necessity in this climate.这样的气候绝对需要有空调。 see also necessitate ⇨ meanverb3■essential [countable, usually plural] something that you must have in a particular situation or in order to do a particular thing必不可少的东西;必需品◆I only had time to pack the bare essentials(= the most necessary things).我只来得及装上最基本的用品。◆The studio had all the essentials like heating and running water.工作室里备有基本设施,如暖气装置和自来水。ⓘ Essentials are often described as bare or basic.常用bare或basic描述essentials。 see also essential ⇨ essentialadj.■want[countable, usually plural] something that you must have and cannot manage without, especially in order to live(尤指维持生存所需的)必需品;需要的东西◆The snail does not need to travel far to satisfy all its bodily wants.蜗牛不必爬远就能满足身体的所有需要。 see also want ⇨ desirenounNOTE辨析 Necessities, essentials or wants?Wants are usually the most basic and physical of these: things that your body needs in order to go on living; the most common collocates are human and bodily. Essentials are usually more practical: the basic things that you need in order to do a particular thing or activity. Necessities is a more general word and can cover both physical and practical needs.这些词中,wants通常是最基本和最实质的东西,即身体为维持生存所需的东西,最常见的搭配词是human和bodily。essentials通常更实际一些,指做特定的事或活动所需要的基本东西。necessities含义更广,既可指身体的需要,也可指实务上的需要。need
verb
need ♦︎ require ♦︎ rely on/upon sb/sth ♦︎ want ♦︎ call for sth ♦︎ demandThese words all mean to want to have sb/sth that is essential or very important.这些词均表示需要、必需。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to really need / require / want / call for / demand sth◆to just need / require / want sth◆to still need / require / rely on / call for sth◆to urgently need / require / want sb / sth◆to clearly / obviously need / require / call for / demand sth■need [transitive] (not usually used in the progressive tenses通常不用于进行时) to want to have sb/sth because they are/it is essential or very important, not just because you would like to have them/it需要;必需◆Do you need any help?你需要帮忙吗?◆Don't go-I might need you.别走,我可能需要你帮忙。◆They badly needed a change.他们迫切需要一场变革。◆Food aid is urgently needed.迫切需要食物援助。◆This shirt needs washing.这件衬衫该洗了。◆I need to get some sleep.我需要睡会儿觉。 see also need ⇨ desirenoun■require [transitive] (not usually used in the progressive tenses通常不用于进行时) (formal) to need sth; to depend on sb/sth需要;依靠;依赖◆This condition requires urgent treatment.这种情况得紧急处理。◆These lentils do not require soaking before cooking.这些小扁豆在烹调前无须浸泡。◆The situation required that he be present.这种情形需要他在场。■reˈly on/upon sb/sth
phrasal verb
to need or depend on sb/sth, especially in order to be able to continue doing sth(尤指为继续做某事)依赖,依靠◆As babies, we rely entirely on others for food.在婴儿时期,我们完全依赖别人喂食。◆These days we rely heavily on computers to organize our work.现在,我们在很大程度上依赖电脑来安排我们的工作。◆The industry relies on the price of raw materials remaining low.这一产业靠的是原料便宜,不涨价。ⓘ Rely upon sb/sth is more formal than rely on sb/sth. * rely upon sb/sth较rely on sb/sth正式。 see also rely on/upon sb/sth ⇨ trust■want [transitive] (not usually used in the progressive tenses通常不用于进行时) (ratherinformal, especiallyspoken) to need sth需要◆What this house wants is a good clean.这房子需要好好打扫一下。◆The plants want watering daily.这些花草需要天天浇水。ⓘ If a person is wanted somewhere, they are needed to be present in the place or for the purpose mentioned. * sb is wanted指需要某人在场◆She's wanted immediately in the director's office.她得马上到主任办公室去。◆Excuse me, you're wanted on the phone.对不起,有你的电话。■ˈcall for sth
phrasal verb
(not used in the progressive tenses不用于进行时) (of a situation) to need sth or cause sb to need sth(形势)需要◆The situation calls for prompt action.目前的形势需要立即采取行动。◆'I've been promoted.' 'This calls for a celebration!'“我升职了。”“那得庆祝一下!”ⓘ Call for sth is mainly used to talk about what is needed as a result of a particular situation, especially in the phrase This calls for a celebration/a drink/patience/new ways of thinking. * call for sth主要指在特定的形势下需要做某事,尤用于短语This calls for a celebration/a drink/patience/new ways of thinking(那得庆祝一下/喝一杯;那需要耐心/新的思维方式)。■demand [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses不用于进行时) (ratherformal) to need sth in order to be done successfully(为顺利完成)需要◆This sport demands both speed and strength.这项运动既需要速度也需要体力。ⓘ Demand is typically used to talk about situations which need qualities in people which relate to strength, hard work or high moral standards. * demand通常指需要人的体力、勤奋或道德水准达到一定要求◆This demands commitment / skill / courage / mental effort / maturity / respect / honesty.这需要献身精神/技巧/勇气/努力思考/成熟/尊重/诚实。