burn
verbVerb Forms
Idioms Phrasal Verbs| present simple I / you / we / they burn | |
| he / she / it burns | |
| past simple burnt | |
| past participle burnt | |
| past simple burned | |
| past participle burned | |
| -ing form burning |
- [intransitive]
to produce flames and heat 燃烧；烧 A welcoming fire was burning in the fireplace. 壁炉里燃烧着暖融融的炉火。 Fires were burning all over the city. 全城处处燃烧着大火。 A small candle burned brightly. 一支小蜡烛明亮地燃烧着。
Extra ExamplesFresh leaves will burn slowly with billows of smoke. 新鲜树叶燃烧缓慢，并会散发出浓烟。 The fire was still burning fiercely. 大火仍在熊熊燃烧。 The flame in the oil lamp burned steadily. 油灯里的火焰持续燃烧。
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadverb- fiercely
- steadily
- slowly
- …
- burn out of control
- [intransitive]
(used especially in the progressive tenses 尤用于进行时 to be on fire 着火；烧着 By nightfall the whole city was burning. 到黄昏时，全城已是一片火海。 The girl ran from the burning building. 女孩从着火的大楼里跑了出来。 Two children were rescued from the burning car. 两名儿童从燃烧着的车中被救了出来。 They called us to tell us that my aunt's house was burning. 他们打电话告诉我们，我姑姑的房子着火了。 The smell of burning rubber filled the air. 空气中弥漫着橡胶燃烧的气味。
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadverb- fiercely
- steadily
- slowly
- …
- burn out of control
- [transitive, intransitive]
to destroy, damage, injure or kill somebody/something by fire; to be destroyed, etc. by fire （使）烧毁，烧坏，烧伤，烧死 Six million acres have burned this year in the United States. 今年美国有600万英亩土地被烧毁。 The house burned to the ground. 房子被大火夷为平地。 Ten people burned to death in the hotel fire. 旅馆火灾中有十人被烧死。 - burn somebody/something
to burn waste paper/dead leaves 焚烧废纸／枯树叶 All his belongings were burnt in the fire. 他所有的财物都在大火中付之一炬。 The house was burnt to the ground (= completely destroyed). 那座房子彻底焚毁了。 The survivors burned the bodies of the victims of the plague. 幸存者焚烧了瘟疫受害者的尸体。 Several protesters burned American flags. 几名抗议者焚烧了美国国旗。 The cigarette burned a hole in the carpet. 香烟把地毯烧了个洞。 Joan of Arc was burned at the stake. 圣女贞德被烧死在火刑柱上。 - burn somebody/something + adj.
His greatest fear is of being burnt alive. 他最怕的是被活活烧死。 - burn + adj.
Many were left with no choice but to burn alive or leap to their deaths from the upper floors. 许多人别无选择，只能活活烧死，或者从楼上跳下来等死。
Extra ExamplesSeveral people were burned to death. 有几个人被烧死了。 The building was burned to the ground. 这幢楼被烧成了一片焦土。 Bishop Tunstall preached a sermon against the book, after which copies were ceremonially burnt. 滕斯托尔主教讲道抨击这本书，随后举行了烧书仪式。 She burned all his letters. 她把他的信全部付之一炬。
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadverb- badly
- seriously
- severely
- …
- be burned alive
- be burned at the stake
- be burned to ashes
- …
- [transitive, intransitive]
if you burn a fuel, or a fuel burns, it produces heat, light or energy （使燃料）燃烧 Which fuel burns most efficiently? 哪种燃料燃烧效果最佳？ - burn something
a furnace that burns gas/oil/coke 煤气／煤油／焦炭熔炉 - (figurative)
Some people burn calories (= use food to produce energy) faster than others. 有些人热量消耗得比其他人快。
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadverb- brightly
- [intransitive, transitive]
if food burns, or if you burn it, it is damaged by too much heat （使）烧焦，烧煳 - [intransitive, transitive]
to be damaged or injured by the sun, heat, acid, etc.; to damage or injure somebody/something in this way （使）晒伤，烫伤，烧伤 My skin burns easily (= in the sun). 我的皮肤容易晒伤。 fair skin that burns easily 容易晒黑的白晰皮肤 - burn somebody
I got badly burned by the sun yesterday. 我昨天严重晒伤。 - burn something
I burnt my tongue trying to eat a hot meat pie. 我想吃一块热肉饼，结果烫到了舌头。 The soup's hot. Don't burn your mouth. 汤很热，别烫了嘴。 His face had been horrifically burnt by acid. 他的脸被酸严重烧伤了。 - burn yourself
I burned myself on the stove. 我被炉子烫了。
Synonyms burnburn- char
- scald
- scorch
- singe
- burn to damage, injure, destroy or kill somebody/something with fire, heat or acid; to be damaged, etc. by fire, heat or acid:
- char [usually passive] to make something black by burning it; to become black by burning:
The bodies had been charred beyond recognition. 这些尸体已烧焦，无法辨认。
- scald
to burn part of your body with very hot liquid or steam. 指被高温液体或气体烫伤 - scorch to burn and slightly damage a surface by making it too hot:
I scorched my dress when I was ironing it. 我把自己的连衣裙熨焦了。
- singe to burn the surface of something slightly, usually by mistake; to be burnt in this way:
He singed his hair as he tried to light his cigarette. 他点烟时把头发给燎了。
scorch or singe? 用 scorch 还是 singe？ - to burn/scald yourself/your hand
- to burn/scorch/singe your hair/clothes
- burnt-out/charred/scorched remains/ruins/buildings
- [intransitive]
if part of your body burns or is burning, it feels very hot and painful 火辣辣地痛；发烫 Your forehead's burning. Have you got a fever? 你的前额很烫，你发烧了吗？ Her cheeks burned with embarrassment. 她羞得面颊发烫。
Synonyms hurthurt- ache
- burn
- sting
- tingle
- itch
- throb
- hurt (of part of your body) to feel painful; (of an action) to cause pain:
My feet hurt. 我脚疼。 Ouch! That hurt! 哎哟！好疼！
- ache to feel a continuous pain that is not severe:
I’m aching all over. 我周身疼痛。
- burn (of part of your body) to feel very hot and painful:
Our eyes were burning from the chemicals in the air. 空气中弥漫的化学物质熏得我们的眼睛火辣辣地痛。
- sting to make somebody feel a sharp burning pain or uncomfortable feeling in part of their body; (of part of your body) to feel this pain:
My eyes were stinging from the smoke. 烟熏得我眼睛痛。
- tingle (of part of your body) to feel as if a lot of small sharp points are pushing into the skin there:
The cold air made her face tingle. 冷空气冻得她的脸发痛。
- itch to have an uncomfortable feeling on your skin that makes you want to scratch; to make your skin feel like this:
I itch all over. 我浑身痒。 Does the rash itch? 皮疹痒吗？
- throb (of part of your body) to feel pain as a series of regular beats:
His head throbbed painfully. 他的头一抽一跳地痛。
- your eyes hurt/ache/burn/sting/itch
- your skin hurts/burns/stings/tingles/itches
- your flesh hurts/burns/stings/tingles
- your head hurts/aches/throbs
- your stomach hurts/aches
- to really hurt/ache/burn/sting/tingle/itch/throb
- to hurt/ache/sting/itch badly/a lot
- It hurts/stings/tingles/itches.
Extra ExamplesHer skin seemed to burn at his touch. 她的皮肤似乎在他的触摸下燃烧。 Our eyes were burning from the chemicals in the air. 空气中弥漫的化学物质熏得我们的眼睛火辣辣地痛。
- [intransitive]
to produce light 发光；发亮 Lights were burning upstairs, but no one answered the door. 楼上亮着灯，但叫门没人回应。 hot sunshine burning through the windows 火辣辣的阳光透过窗户照射进来 Their torches burned brightly in the dark. 他们的火把在黑暗中发出明亮的光。
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadverb- brightly
- [intransitive, transitive] (literary)
to feel or show a very strong emotion or desire 有强烈的情感；渴望 Her eyes burned fiercely. 她的眼睛燃烧着怒火。 - burn with something
to be burning with rage/ambition/love 满怀强烈的仇恨／远大的抱负／炽热的爱 - burn to do something
He was burning to go climbing again. 他渴望再去爬山。
Extra ExamplesHe was burning with indignation. 他义愤填膺。 She could sense the anger burning slowly inside him. 她能感觉到怒火在他心中慢慢燃起。
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadverb- fiercely
- slowly
- with
- [intransitive] + adv./prep. (informal)
to move very fast in a particular direction 向…迅速移动 - [transitive] burn somebody (North American English, informal)
to make somebody very angry 激怒；使大怒 - [transitive, intransitive] burn (something) (to something)
to put information onto a CD or DVD 刻录（光盘或数字影碟） - [transitive, intransitive] (
business 商业 to spend money 觉得耳朵在发烧（认为或猜测别人在说自己） - burn something
The project burns £2 million a year in contractor costs. 该项目每年耗费承包商200万英镑。 - burn through something
The state has already burned through its cash reserves. 该州已经耗尽了现金储备。
- burn something
fire火
fuel燃料
food食物
sun/heat
of part of body身体部位
of a light灯
feel emotion/desire有情感／热望
go fast走得快
make angry使生气
CD, DVD光盘、数字影碟
spend money
Word Originverb Old English birnan ‘be on fire’ and bærnan ‘consume by fire’, both from the same Germanic base; related to German brennen.
Idioms
burn your bridges
(British English also burn your boats)
burn the candle at both ends
to become very tired by trying to do too many things and going to bed late and getting up early 过度劳累；起早贪黑而疲惫不堪
burn your fingers | get your fingers burnt
burn a hole in your pocket
if money burns a hole in your pocket, you want to spend it as soon as you have it 一有（钱）就想花；花钱没有节制
burn the midnight oil
to study or work until late at night 挑灯夜战；熬夜
burn rubber
- (informal)
to drive very fast 飞车
burn (something) to a cinder/crisp
to become completely burnt, especially because it has been cooked for too long 着火；烧着 By the time I got home, the cake was burnt to a cinder. 等我回到家，蛋糕已经烤成炭了。
Extra ExamplesThe tower was struck by lightning and was burned to a cinder. 那座塔被闪电击中，烧成了灰烬。 I like my steak burnt to a cinder on the outside and blood red and juicy inside. 我喜欢外面烧得很焦， 面血红多汁的牛排。
crash and burn
- (informal)
to go wrong or to fail badly and suddenly 把某物烧焦（或烧煳） His career crashed and burned after he threatened a journalist. 在他威胁一名记者后，他的职业生涯崩溃了。 The stock markets are getting ready to crash and burn. 股票市场正准备崩溃和燃烧。 She continued to crash and burn through personal controversies that included driving drunk. 她继续在包括酒后驾车在内的个人争议中崩溃和燃烧。
somebody’s ears are burning
have money to burn
to have so much money that you do not have to be careful with it 钱多得花不完；有用不完的钱