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IELTS BNC: 17 COCA: 17

on

preposition
 
/ɒn/
/ɑːn/
For the special uses of on in phrasal verbs, look at the entries for the verbs. For example turn on somebody is in the phrasal verb section at turn.
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  1.  
     in or into a position covering, touching or forming part of a surface（覆盖、附着）在…上（意指接触物体表面或构成物体表面的一部分）
    • a picture on a wall墙上的画
    • There's a mark on your skirt.你裙子上有一块污斑。
    • the diagram on page 5第 5 页上的图解
    • Put it down on the table.把它放在桌子上。
    • He had been hit on the head.他被打中了脑袋。
    • She climbed on to the bed.她爬上了床。
    This could also be written: onto the bed
  2.  
    supported by somebody/something由…支撑着
    • She was standing on one foot.她单脚站立着。
    • Try lying on your back.试着仰卧。
    • Hang your coat on that hook.把衣服挂在衣钩上。
  3.  
     used to show a means of transport在（交通工具）上
    • He was on the plane from New York.他在从纽约来的飞机上。
    • to travel on the bus/tube/coach乘公共汽车／地铁／长途汽车
    • I came on my bike.我骑自行车来的。
    • a woman on horseback骑马的女郎
  4.  
     by means of something; using something通过；使用；借助于
    • She played a tune on her guitar.她用她的吉他弹了一支曲子。
    • The information is available on the internet.从互联网上可以得到这个信息。
    • We spoke on the phone.我们通过电话谈了谈。
    • What's on TV?电视上有什么节目？
    • The programme's on Channel 4.这个节目在 4 频道。
  5.  
     used to show a day or date在（某一天）
    • He came on Sunday.他是星期天来的。
    • We meet on Tuesdays.我们每星期二见面。
    • on May the first/the first of May在五月一日
    • on the evening of May the first在五月一日的晚上
    • on one occasion曾经有一次
    • on your birthday在你生日那天
    Topics Timea1
  6.  
     used to describe an activity or a state（用于说明活动或状态）
    • to be on business/holiday/vacation在工作／度假中
    • The book is currently on loan.该书已借出。
  7.  
     used to show direction（表示方向）在，向，对
    • on the left/right在左边／右边
    • He turned his back on us.他转过身去背对着我们。
  8.  
     at or near a place在，接近（某地）
    • a town on the coast沿海的城镇
    • a house on the Thames泰晤士河畔的房子
    • We lived on an estate.我们住在一处庄园上。
  9.  
     used to show the basis or reason for something根据；由于
    • a story based on fact基于事实的小说
    • On their advice I applied for the job.我听从他们的建议申请了这份工作。
  10.  
     immediately after something就在…之后；一…就
    • On arriving home I discovered they had gone.我一到家就发现他们已经离开了。
    • Please report to reception on arrival.到达后请立即到接待处报到。
    • There was a letter waiting for him on his return.他一回来就有一封信在等着他看。
  11.  
     about something/somebody关于（事或人）
    • a book on South Africa一本关于南非的书
    • She tested us on irregular verbs.她考了我们的不规则动词。
  12.  
     used to show that somebody belongs to a group or an organization为（某团体或组织）的一员
    • to be on the committee/staff/jury/panel为委员会／全体职员／陪审团／专家组的成员
    • Whose side are you on (= which of two or more different views do you support)?你支持哪一方的观点？
  13.  
     eating or drinking something; using a drug or a medicine regularly吃；喝；按时服用（药物）
    • He lived on a diet of junk food.他把垃圾食品当饭吃。
    • The doctor put me on antibiotics.医生要我服用抗生素。
  14.  
     paid for by something以…支付；由…支付
    • to live on a pension/a student grant靠养老金／助学金生活
    • to be on a low wage挣低工资
    • You can't feed a family on £50 a week.你无法靠每周 50 英镑养活一家人。
    • Drinks are on me (= I am paying).饮料钱由我付。
  15.  
     used when giving a phone number（用于提供电话号码）
    • You can get me on 020 7946 0887.你找我可以拨打 020 7946 0887。
    • She's on extension 2401.她的分机号是 2401。
  16.  
     used with some nouns or adjectives to say who or what is affected by something（与某些名词或形容词连用，表示影响到）
    • a ban on smoking对吸烟的禁令
    • He's hard on his kids.他对自己的孩子很严厉。
    • Go easy on the mayo! (= do not take/give me too much)少放一点蛋黄酱！
  17. being carried by somebody; in the possession of somebody（身上）带着；有
    • Have you got any money on you?你带钱了没有？
  18. compared with somebody/something与…相比
    • Sales are up on last year.销售量比去年增长了。
    19. Word OriginOld English on, an, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch aan and German an, from an Indo-European root shared by Greek ana.

on

adverb
 
/ɒn/
/ɑːn/
For the special uses of on in phrasal verbs, look at the entries for the verbs. For example get on is in the phrasal verb section at get.Idioms
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  1.  
     on somebody’s body; being worn穿在身上；穿着；戴着
    • Put your coat on.把外衣穿上。
    • I didn't have my glasses on.我没戴眼镜。
    • What did she have on (= what was she wearing)?她穿着什么衣服？
  2.  
     covering, touching or forming part of something（表示覆盖、接触某物或成为某物的一部分）
    • Make sure the lid is on.要注意盖上盖子。
  3.  
     in or into a vehicle登上（车辆）
    • The bus stopped and four people got on.公共汽车停下来，四个人上了车。
    • They hurried on to the plane.他们匆忙登上了飞机。
    see also onto
  4.  
     connected or operating; being used（表示已连接、处于工作状态或使用中）
    • The lights were all on.灯都亮着。
    • The TV is always on in their house.他们家的电视总是开着。
    • We were without electricity for three hours but it's on again now.我们停电三个小时了，不过现在又来电了。
  5.  
     used to show that somebody/something moves or is sent forward向前（移动）
    • She stopped for a moment, then walked on.她停了一会儿，然后又向前走。
    • Keep straight on for the beach.一直向前走到海滩。
    • From then on he never trusted her again.从那时起，他再也不信任她了。
    • Please send the letter on to my new address.请把信件转寄到我的新地址。
  6.  
     used to show that something continues（表示持续性）
    • He worked on without a break.他毫不停歇地继续工作。
    • If you like a good story, read on.欲知故事的趣味所在，请往下读。
  7.  
     happening（表示发生）
    • There was a war on at the time.当时正值战争。
    • What's on at the movies?电影院在上演什么片子？
    • The band are on (= performing) in ten minutes.乐队再过十分钟开始演奏。
  8.  
     planned to take place in the future（预先安排的事）将发生
    • The game is still on (= it has not been cancelled).比赛仍将举行。
    • I don't think we've got anything on this weekend.我想这个周末我们没安排活动。
    • I'm sorry we can't come—we've got a lot on.很抱歉我们去不了，我们安排得太满了。
  9.  
     on duty; working值班；执行任务中
    • I'm on now till 8 tomorrow morning.我正在值班，要值到明早 8 点钟。
    10. Word OriginOld English on, an, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch aan and German an, from an Indo-European root shared by Greek ana.
Idioms
be on about something
  1. (informal) to talk about something; to mean something谈论（某事）；有…的意思
    • I didn't know what he was on about. It didn't make sense.我不知道他说的是什么，他说得不清不楚的。
be/go/keep on about something
  1. (informal, disapproving) to talk in a boring or complaining way about something抱怨；唠叨；发牢骚
    • Stop keeping on about it!别再唠叨那件事了！
be/go/keep on at somebody (to do something)
  1. (informal, disapproving) to keep asking or telling somebody something so that they become annoyed or tired（对某人）絮叨；说（或问）得令人生厌
    • He was on at me again to lend him money.他又来缠着我借钱给他。
be on for something
  1. (informal) to want to do something想要做某事
    • Is anyone on for a drink after work?有人想下班后喝一杯吗？
it isn’t on
(also it's not on)
  1. (informal) used to say that something is not acceptable不行；没门儿
off and on/on and off
  1. from time to time; now and again不时地；有时；断断续续地
    • It rained on and off all day.雨断断续续地下了一整天。
on and on
  1. without stopping; continuously连续不停地；持续地
    • She went on and on about her trip.她没完没了地谈她的旅行。
what are you, etc. on?
  1. (informal) used when you are very surprised at somebody’s behaviour and are suggesting that they are acting in a similar way to somebody using drugs你鬼迷心窍了吧；你吃错药了吧
you’re on
  1. (informal) used when you are accepting a bet（用于接受打赌时）赌就赌吧
IELTS BNC: 17 COCA: 17
IELTS BNC: 17 COCA: 17
on adv.
⇨ off and on/on and off ⇨ sometimes
IELTS BNC: 17 COCA: 17

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