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BNC: 2490 COCA: 4754

policeman

noun
 
/pəˈliːsmən/
/pəˈliːsmən/
(plural policemen
/pəˈliːsmən/
/pəˈliːsmən/
)
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  1. a male police officer（男）警察
    • a plain-clothes/uniformed policeman便衣/穿制服的警察
    • A policeman arrested the suspect at the scene of the crime.警察在犯罪现场逮捕了嫌疑犯。
    • An off-duty policeman chased after the man.一名休班警察追赶那个人。
    • A policeman was called to the house just after midnight.午夜刚过，一名警察接报来到这所房子。
    More About gendergenderWays of talking about men and women表示男女的说法
    • When you are writing or speaking English it is important to use language that includes both men and women equally. Some people may be very offended if you do not.说写英语时，重要的是用词要把男女都包括在内，否则可能会冒犯某些人。
    The human race人类
    • Man and mankind have traditionally been used to mean ‘all men and women’. Many people now prefer to use humanity, the human race, human beings or people.man 和 mankind 传统上用以指所有男性和女性，不过，现在许多人喜欢用 humanity、the human race、human beings 或 people。
    Jobs职业
    • The suffix -ess in names of occupations such as actress, hostess and waitress shows that the person doing the job is a woman. Many people now avoid these. Instead you can use actor or host (although actress and hostess are still very common), or a neutral word, such as server for waiter and waitress.
    • Neutral words like assistant, worker, person or officer are now often used instead of -man or -woman in the names of jobs. For example, you can use police officer instead of policeman or policewoman, and spokesperson instead of spokesman or spokeswoman. Neutral words are very common in newspapers, on television and radio and in official writing, in both British English and North American English.
    • When talking about jobs that are traditionally done by the other sex, some people say: a male secretary/nurse/model (NOT man) or a woman/female doctor/barrister/driver. However this is now not usually used unless you need to emphasize which sex the person is, or it is still unusual for the job to be done by a man/​woman: My daughter prefers to see a woman doctor.我的女儿喜欢让女医生看病。They have a male nanny for their kids.他们有个男保姆照料孩子。a female racing driver女赛车手
    Pronouns代词
    • He used to be considered to cover both men and women: he 过去被认为既指男性也指女性：Everyone needs to feel he is loved.人人都需要有被爱的感觉。 This is not now acceptable. Instead, after everybody, everyone, anybody, anyone, somebody, someone, etc. one of the plural pronouns they, them, and their is often used: Does everybody know what they want?人人都知道自己需要什么吗？Somebody’s left their coat here.有人把外衣落在这儿了。I hope nobody’s forgotten to bring their passport with them.希望没人忘了随身带上护照。
    • Some people prefer to use he or she, his or her, or him or her in speech and writing: 有人在口语和书面语中喜欢用 he or she、his or her 或 him or her：Everyone knows what’s best for him- or herself.人人都知道对自己来说什么是最好的。 He/​she or (s)he can also be used in writing: If in doubt, ask your doctor. He/​she can give you more information.如有疑问请向你的医生咨询，他／她会给你更多的信息。 (You may find that some writers just use ‘she’.) These uses can seem awkward when they are used a lot. It is better to try to change the sentence, using a plural noun. Instead of saying: A baby cries when he or she is tired婴儿累了就会哭 you can say Babies cry when they are tired.婴儿疲倦时会哭。
    Extra Examples
    • She went off to fetch a policeman.她去找警察了。
    • The robbery may have been carried out with the help of a bent policeman.抢劫有可能是在某个不良警察的帮助下得以进行的。
    • the duties of the ordinary policeman普通警察的职责
    • A heavy police presence, including mounted policemen , were on hand to control protesters.包括骑警在内的大量警力到场控制抗议者。
    • Is this really an important issue to ordinary policemen and women?这真的是普通警察和女性的重要问题吗？
    Topics Law and justicea1, Jobsa1
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective
    • senior
    • ordinary
    • local
    • …
    verb + policeman
    • call
    policeman + verb
    • patrol something
    • raid something
    • arrest somebody
    • …
    See full entry
BNC: 2490 COCA: 4754
policeman

noun

ADJECTIVE | VERB + POLICEMAN | POLICEMAN + VERB ADJECTIVE➤senior高級警察▸➤ordinary普通警察◇the duties of the ordinary policeman普通警察的職責➤local地方警察➤uniformed穿制服的警察▸➤plain-clothes, undercover便衣／卧底警察➤armed武裝警察▸➤military憲兵➤traffic交通警察➤border邊防警察▸➤off-duty休班警察VERB + POLICEMAN➤call打電話叫警察◇A policeman was called to the house just after midnight.剛過午夜時，有人打電話叫警察趕到那幢房子。POLICEMAN + VERB➤patrol sth警察巡邏⋯➤raid sth警察突襲⋯▸➤arrest sb, stop sb警察逮捕某人／阻止某人  ➡ see also officer
BNC: 2490 COCA: 4754
policeman

noun

policeman ♦︎ officer ♦︎ detective ♦︎ police officer ♦︎ cop ♦︎ constable ♦︎ PC/WPC ♦︎ policewoman ♦︎ trooperThese are all words for a member of the police. 这些词均表示警察。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a uniformed policeman / officer / police officer / cop / policewoman◆a plain-clothes policeman / officer / detective / police officer / cop / policewoman◆an undercover policeman / officer / detective / police officer / cop◆an off-duty policeman / officer / detective / police officer / policewoman / cop◆a senior policeman / officer / detective / police officer / policewoman◆a policeman / an officer / a detective / a police officer / a cop / a constable arrests sb / investigates sth◆a policeman / an officer / a police officer / a cop / a constable patrols sth■ policeman [countable] a male member of the police 男警察◆A policeman was called to the house just after midnight.午夜刚过，一名警察接报来到这所房子。■ officer [countable] a member of the police, often used as a form of address （常用于称谓）警察◆Yes, officer, I saw what happened.是，警官先生，我看到了发生的事。◆We spoke to the duty officer at the police station.我们在警察局跟值班警察说了。◆I tried to find out who was the officer in charge of the case.我设法弄清楚谁是负责本案的警察。ⓘ In the US, officer is also used as a title for a member of the police. 在美国，officer还用作警察的头衔◆Officer Dibble迪布尔警官 ■ detective dɪˈtektɪv [countable] a person, especially a member of the police, whose job is to examine crimes and catch criminals 侦探；警探◆Detective Sergeant John Nelson约翰•纳尔逊警长◆Detectives investigating the case are appealing for witnesses to the attack.调查此案的警探呼吁这起袭击的目击者出来作证。ⓘ Detective is a rank of a police officer who investigates crimes. It is often part of a title such as Detective Inspector or Detective Constable. * detective表示负责犯罪调查的警官这一警衔，常作为头衔的一部分，如Detective Inspector（侦缉督察）或Detective Constable（警员）。■ poˈlice officer [countable] a member of the police 警察◆The plans were drawn up at a meeting of senior police officers.这些方案是在一次高级警官会议上起草的。NOTE 辨析 Policeman, officer or police officer? Policeman is the most frequent word used for a member of the police, especially by ordinary people in conversation. Officer and police officer are words used by the police, in more formal contexts such as news reports, and in order to avoid referring to the gender of the person. Officer is used instead of police officer when the context makes it clear that you are talking about a police officer, not any other kind of officer, especially when it forms part of another compound noun. * policeman最常用，尤用于普通人的谈话中。officer和police officer乃警方用语，或用于新闻报道等较正式的语境中，或用以避免涉及警官性别。当上下文语义清楚，尤其在officer构成复合名词时，用officer而不用police officer◆We spoke to the duty police officer at the police station. ■ cop [countable] (informal) a police officer 警察◆The film is based on the true story of a New York cop.本片以一名纽约警察的真实故事为蓝本。◆Somebody call the cops!哪位帮忙报警啊！ⓘ The cops is often used to mean 'the police' in general. * the cops常指警方。■ constable ˈkʌnstəbl; NAmE ˈkɑːnstəbl [countable](in the UK and some other countries) a police officer of the lowest rank （英国和其他一些国家的警察中最低级别的）警员◆Have you finished your report yet, Constable?你的报告写完了吗，警员？◆The children were taken out of the room by a woman police constable.孩子们被一名女警员带到了房间外。◆Special constables provide part-time assistance for the regular police force.兼职纠察可以补充正规警力。ⓘ Constable is a rank and is mainly used within the police when referring to or talking to particular police officers with this rank, including as a title. * constable是个级别，主要在警察内部使用，指这一级别的警察，或用于称呼这一级别的警察，也作头衔◆Constable Quinn奎恩警员It is not used to refer to groups of police officers or the police in general. In the UK, a chief constable is a senior police officer who is in charge of the police force in a particular area. * constable不用来指一群警察，也不用来统称警方。在英国，chief constable指地区警察局长。 ■ PC■ WPC [countable] (BrE) the abbreviations for 'police constable' and 'woman police constable'; used as titles 警员，女警员（police constable和woman police constable的缩写，用作头衔）◆PC Jason Adams is a community policeman patrolling the estate.贾森•亚当斯警员是在这个住宅区巡逻的社区警察。◆WPC Karen Mills was praised for her swift action.卡伦•米尔斯警员因行动迅速受到表扬。■ policewoman [countable] a female police officer 女警察◆A plain-clothes policewoman waited at the entrance to her office.一名女便衣在她办公室门外等候。■ trooper [countable] (NAmE) a member of a State police force 州警察◆The teenager was shot by a state trooper during a drugs raid.在一次缉毒行动中，那个少年被州警察击中。
BNC: 2490 COCA: 4754
policeman
Police officers: bobby, cadet, captain...

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