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having a surface that is not even or regular 粗糙的；不平滑的；高低不平的 rough ground 高低不平的地面 The skin on her hands was hard and rough. 她手上的皮肤粗糙且没有弹性。 Trim rough edges with a sharp knife. 用锋利的刀将参差不齐的边切齐。
Extra ExamplesThe car is designed for travelling over rough ground. 这款车是专为在崎岖地面上行驶而设计的。 It has a slightly rough texture. 质地略粗糙。
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not exact; not including all details 不确切的；粗略的；大致的 a rough calculation/estimate of the cost 对成本的粗略计算／估计 I've got a rough idea of where I want to go. 我大致知道我想去哪里了。 There were about 20 people there, at a rough guess. 那里约计有 20 人。 a rough draft of a speech 讲话草稿 a rough sketch 草图
Extra ExamplesIt's only a very rough guide. 这只是一个非常粗略的指南。 We only had his rather rough version of events. 我们只有他对事件的粗略描述。 He gave us a rough estimate of how much the work would cost. 他给了我们这项工作的大概费用。 I made a rough sketch of the inside of the church. 我画了一幅教堂内部环境的草图。
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not gentle or careful; violent 粗暴的；粗野的；猛烈的 This watch is not designed for rough treatment. 这块手表不可猛烈震动。 They complained of rough handling by the guards. 他们投诉警卫对他们动粗。 She doesn't like playing with the rough kids. 她不喜欢和粗野的孩子一起玩耍。 Don't try any rough stuff with me! 别想对我撒野！ Things got a bit rough, and the police were called. 事情变得有点棘手，于是报警了。 You don't have to be so rough! 你不用这么粗暴！ One carer was sacked for being rough with a patient. 一名护工因虐待病人而被解雇。
where there is a lot of violence or crime 犯罪盛行的；充斥暴力的；危险的 the roughest neighbourhood in the city 市内最危险的街区 He had been brought up in a rough area of London. 他在伦敦的一个艰苦地区长大。
WordfinderTopics Buildingsb2-
having large and dangerous waves; wild and with storms 汹涌的；风浪很大的 It was too rough to sail that night. 那天夜里风浪太大，无法行船。 We had a rough passage across to the island. 我们艰难地穿过去了那个岛。 They set sail in rough conditions. 他们冒着风浪的危险起航了。 There's no way he could have swum ashore in such rough weather. 他在这样恶劣的天气无法游上岸。 There were rough seas in the area at that time. 当时该地区有波涛汹涌的大海。
difficult and unpleasant 艰难的；艰苦的 He's had a really rough time recently (= he's had a lot of problems). 他最近真是困难重重。 We'll get someone in to do the rough work (= the hard physical work). 我们会找个人来干这重活。 You two are obviously going through a rough patch right now. 你们两个显然正在经历一段艰难的时期。
Extra ExamplesYou had to stand in the train all night?—That's a bit rough. 你不得不在火车上站一整夜？——有点粗糙。 Life was rough on the streets. 流浪街头的生活很艰难。
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not feeling well 不舒服的；不适的 You look rough—are you OK? 你看上去不太舒服，你没事吧？ I had a rough night (= I didn't sleep well). 我一夜没睡好觉。 I'm still feeling a bit rough. 我仍然觉得有点不舒服。
simply made and not finished in every detail; plain or basic 粗糙的；不够精细的；朴实简单的 rough wooden tables 粗糙的木桌 a rough track 凹凸不平的小径 - (British English)
rough paper for making notes on 做笔记的草稿纸
not smooth or pleasant to taste, listen to, etc. 味道差的；涩的；刺耳的；令人难受的 a rough wine/voice 口感极差的葡萄酒；刺耳的声音
Extra ExamplesHer voice was rough with emotion. 她的声音因激动而沙哑。 ‘I suppose you expect me to apologize for this,’ he said in a rough voice. “我想你是要我为这事道歉吧。”他阴阳怪气地说道。
not smooth不平滑
not exact不确切
violent粗暴
sea/weather
difficult困难
not well不舒服
plain/basic简单；基本
not smooth不平滑
Word OriginOld English rūh, of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch ruw and German rauh.
Idioms
have a rough/an easy ride | give somebody a rough/an easy ride
have a rough ride | give somebody a rough ride
a rough deal
the fact of being treated unfairly 不公平的待遇
(have some) rough edges | be rough around the edges
the rough end of the pineapple
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a situation in which somebody is treated badly or unfairly 受到不良（或不公平）对待的处境