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BNC: 1706 COCA: 840
gun

noun

gun ♦︎ rifle ♦︎ pistol ♦︎ shotgun ♦︎ artillery ♦︎ cannon ♦︎ firearm ♦︎ handgun ♦︎ mortar ♦︎ revolver ♦︎ machine gunThese are all words for weapons that fire bullets, bombs or shells. 这些词均表示枪、炮。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆heavy guns / artillery / cannon / mortars / machine guns◆to be armed with a gun / a rifle / a pistol / a shotgun / cannon / a handgun / mortars / a revolver / a machine gun◆to carry a gun / a rifle / a pistol / a shotgun / firearms / a handgun / a revolver◆to draw a gun / pistol / revolver◆to load a gun / rifle / pistol / shotgun / cannon / handgun / revolver◆to fire a gun / rifle / pistol / shotgun / cannon / handgun / mortar / revolver / machine gun◆to shoot sb / sth with a gun / rifle / pistol / shotgun / handgun / revolver / machine gun■ gun [countable] a weapon that is used for firing bullets or shells (= metal cases filled with explosives) 枪；炮◆He walked into the bank and pointed his gun at the cashier.他走进银行，用枪指着出纳员。◆He was injured in a gun battle between rival gangs.他在对立帮派之间的枪战中受伤。◆Anti-aircraft guns opened fire (= started to shoot) as the bombers flew overhead.高射炮向从头顶上飞过的轰炸机开火。■ rifle [countable] a long gun that can be fired from the shoulder and is designed to be accurate at long distances 步枪；来复枪◆a hunting rifle猎枪◆an assault rifle突击步枪ⓘ An air rifle (or air gun) is a gun that uses air pressure to fire pellets (= small metal balls). * air rifle或air gun指气枪。■ pistol [countable] a small gun that can be held and fired with one hand 手枪◆The assassin shot the two men with a 9mm automatic pistol.行刺者用9毫米自动手枪向那两个男人开枪。◆The official fired a starting pistol to begin the race.那名官员扣响发令枪开始比赛。ⓘ A water pistol (BrE) or water gun (NAmE) is a toy gun that shoots water. * water pistol（英式英语）或water gun（美式英语）指玩具喷水枪。■ shotgun ˈʃɒtgʌn; NAmE ˈʃɑːtgʌn [countable] a long gun that fires a lot of small metal bullets (called shot) and is used especially for shooting birds or animals （尤用于射杀鸟或动物的）猎枪，火枪◆The farmer kept a shotgun for killing crows and foxes.那个农民有一支火枪，用来猎杀乌鸦和狐狸。◆ (BrE) The raiders were armed with sawn-off shotguns.袭击者携带了枪管锯短的猎枪。◆ (NAmE) sawed-off shotguns枪管锯短的猎枪■ artillery ɑːˈtɪləri; NAmE ɑːrˈtɪləri [uncountable] large, heavy guns which are often moved on wheels 火炮（常装有轮子）◆The town is under heavy artillery fire.该镇受到密集的炮火攻击。◆A stray artillery shell struck the hospital.一发火炮流弹击中了那家医院。■ cannon (plural cannon) [countable] an old type of large heavy gun, usually on wheels, that fires solid metal or stone balls; a gun fitted in an aircraft that fires small explosive shells （通常装有轮子，发射铁弹或石弹的旧式）大炮；（飞机上的）自动机关炮◆Three cannon opened fire.三门大炮开火了。◆The helicopter directed a burst of cannon fire at the target.那架直升飞机上的自动机关炮向目标猛烈开火。■ firearm ˈfaɪərɑːm; NAmE ˈfaɪərɑːrm [countable, usually plural] (formal) a gun that fires bullets and that can be carried with one or both hands （单手或双手可携的）枪◆The police were issued with firearms.警察都配发了小型枪支。■ handgun ˈhændgʌn [countable] a small gun that can be held and fired with one hand 手枪◆A man carrying a handgun ordered bank employees to fill a large plastic bag with cash.一名持手枪的男子命令银行职员往一个大塑料袋里装满现金。■ mortar ˈmɔːtə(r); NAmE ˈmɔːrtər [countable] a heavy gun that fires bombs high into the air; the bombs that are fired by this gun 迫击炮；迫击炮弹◆Two soldiers were killed when their patrol came under mortar fire.两名士兵巡逻时遭遇迫击炮弹袭击身亡。■ revolver [countable] a small gun that has a container for bullets that turns around so that shots can be fired quickly without having to stop to put more bullets in 左轮手枪◆The man stood over him, aiming the revolver at his head.那个男人站在他上方，用左轮手枪指着他的头。NOTE 辨析 Pistol, handgun or revolver?A revolver and a pistol are both types of handgun that fire the bullets in different ways. However, in non-technical use the words are often used in the same way. * revolver和pistol都属于handgun的一种，发射子弹的方式不同。不过，在非专业语境中这些词常通用。■ maˈchine gun [countable] a gun that automatically fires many bullets one after the other very quickly 机关枪◆Suddenly there was a long burst of machine-gun fire.突然，机关枪猛烈扫射了很长时间。ⓘ A sub-machine gun is a short, light machine gun that can be held in the hands to fire. * sub-machine gun指冲锋枪，短小轻便，可手持开火。

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