- [uncountable]
medical treatment of injuries or diseases that involves cutting open a person’s body and often removing or replacing some parts; the branch of medicine connected with this treatment 外科手术；外科学 major/minor surgery 大手术；小手术 to undergo heart/knee/shoulder surgery 接受心脏/膝盖/肩膀手术 He will require surgery on his left knee. 他的左膝需要做手术。 The doctor had to perform emergency surgery to the patient's head. 医生不得不对病人头部做紧急手术。 She's a specialist in reconstructive and cosmetic surgery. 她是整形美容外科的专家。 The president is to undergo minor surgery to remove a small growth from his hand. 总统将接受小手术，切除手上的一个小肿块。
Collocations Illnessessee also brain surgery, keyhole surgery, open-heart surgery, plastic surgery, tree surgeryIllnesses 疾病 Becoming ill 生病 - catch a cold/an infectious disease/the flu/(British English) flu/pneumonia/a virus/(informal) a bug
染上感冒／传染病／流感／肺炎／病毒／小毛病 - get (British English) ill/(North American English) sick/a disease/AIDS/breast cancer/a cold/the flu/(British English) flu/a migraine
患病／艾滋病／乳腺癌／感冒／流感／偏头痛 - come down with a cold/the flu/(British English) flu
得了感冒／流感 - contract a deadly disease/a serious illness/HIV/AIDS
感染致命疾病／严重疾病／艾滋病病毒／艾滋病 - be infected with a virus/a parasite/HIV
受病毒／寄生虫／艾滋病病毒感染 - develop cancer/diabetes/a rash/an ulcer/symptoms of hepatitis
患上癌症／糖尿病／皮疹／溃疡；出现肝炎症状 - have a heart attack/a stroke
心脏病／中风发作 - provoke/trigger/produce an allergic reaction
引起／产生过敏反应 - block/burst/rupture a blood vessel
使血管阻塞／破裂 - damage/sever a nerve/an artery/a tendon
损伤／切断神经／动脉／肌腱
Being ill 病了 - feel (British English) ill/nauseous/queasy
- be running (British English) a temperature/(North American English) a fever
发烧 - have a head cold/diabetes/heart disease/lung cancer/a headache/(British English) a high temperature/(North American English) a fever
患伤风感冒／糖尿病／心脏病／肺癌；头痛；发烧 - suffer from asthma/malnutrition/frequent headaches/bouts of depression/a mental disorder
患哮喘／营养不良症／经常性头痛／多发性抑郁症／精神错乱 - be laid up with/ (British English) be in bed with a cold/the flu/(British English) flu/a migraine
因感冒／流感／偏头痛而卧床休息 - nurse a cold/a headache/a hangover
调治感冒／头痛／宿醉 - battle/fight cancer/depression/addiction/alcoholism
与癌症／抑郁症作斗争；戒瘾；戒酒
Treatments 治疗 - examine a patient
给病人做检查 - diagnose a condition/disease/disorder
诊断疾病 - be diagnosed with cancer/diabetes/schizophrenia
诊断为癌症／糖尿病／精神分裂症 - prescribe/be given/be on/take drugs/medicine/medication/pills/painkillers/antibiotics
开／得到／服用药／药片／止痛药／抗生素 - treat somebody for cancer/depression/shock
治疗某人的癌症／抑郁症／休克 - have/undergo an examination/an operation/surgery/a kidney transplant/therapy/chemotherapy/treatment for cancer
接受检查／手术／外科手术／肾移植手术／治疗／化疗／癌症治疗 - have/be given an injection/(British English) a flu jab/(North American English) a flu shot/a blood transfusion/a scan/an X-ray
打针；接种流感疫苗；接受输血；做扫描检查；照 X 光 - cure a disease/an ailment/cancer/a headache/a patient
治疗疾病／病痛／癌症／头痛／病人 - prevent the spread of disease/further outbreaks/damage to the lungs
防止疾病扩散／疾病进一步爆发／对肺部造成伤害 - be vaccinated against the flu/(British English) flu/the measles/(British English) measles/polio/smallpox
接种流感／麻疹／小儿麻痹症／天花疫苗 - enhance/boost/confer/build immunity to a disease
增加对疾病的免疫力
Extra ExamplesTopics Medicineb2He has been performing heart surgery for ten years. 他为病人做心脏手术已有 10 年之久。 One of his specialities is minimally invasive surgery. 微创手术是他的专长之一。 She felt weak for six months after undergoing major abdominal surgery. 腹部动了大手术后，她有 6 个月时间一直感到身体虚弱。 They discussed whether patients should have to pay for all elective surgery. 他们对病人是否应该支付选择性手术的全部费用进行了讨论。 patients recovering from hip replacement surgery 髋关节置换手术后正在康复的病人 He will need heart bypass surgery. 他需要心脏搭桥手术。 My brother went on to study surgery. 我哥哥进而攻读外科学。
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective- major
- radical
- minor
- …
- get
- have
- undergo
- …
- after surgery
- before surgery
- during surgery
- …
- [countable] (British English) (North American English office)
a place where a doctor, dentist or vet sees patients 诊室；门诊处 a doctor’s/dentist’s/vet's surgery 医生/牙医/兽医的手术
Extra ExamplesDr Smith isn't in the surgery today. 史密斯医生今天不在诊所。 I'll have to go to the surgery to pick up the prescription. 我要去诊所取药方。 I phoned the dentist's surgery and made an appointment for 2.30. 我给牙医诊所打电话，约定2:30去看医生。
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective- open
- afternoon
- evening
- …
- do
- have
- hold
- …
- hours
- in a/the surgery
- [uncountable, countable] (British English)
the time during which a doctor, dentist or vet is available to see patients 应诊时间 morning/afternoon/evening surgery 上午／下午／晚间应诊时间 surgery hours 应诊时间 Is there a surgery this evening? 今晚有没有医生应诊？ He holds surgery from 10 a.m. to 1 p.m. 他上午 10 点到下午 1 点接诊。
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective- open
- afternoon
- evening
- …
- do
- have
- hold
- …
- hours
- in a/the surgery
- [countable] (British English)
a time when people can meet their Member of Parliament to ask questions and get help （议员的）接待时间 a constituency surgery 接待选区选民时间
Word OriginMiddle English: from Old French surgerie, contraction of serurgerie, from serurgien, based on Latin chirurgia, from Greek kheirourgia ‘handiwork, surgery’, from kheir ‘hand’ + ergon ‘work’.