a flat piece of metal, usually like a coin in shape, that is given to the winner of a competition or to somebody who has been brave, for example in war 奖章；勋章 
to win a gold medal in the Olympics 在奥林匹克运动会上赢得一枚金牌 to award a medal for bravery 奖赏一枚英勇勋章
Culture medalsmedalsThe highest decoration (= award) that can be awarded to a British person is the Victoria Cross (VC), which is given to members of the armed forces 'for conspicuous bravery in the face of the enemy'. It is a bronze cross decorated with a lion and the words 'For Valour', which is hung from a crimson ribbon. The Victoria Cross was introduced by Queen Victoria in 1856, during the Crimean War. It is reserved for acts of the greatest courage and is often awarded posthumously (= to a person who died as a result of their brave action).The highest decoration for members of the public is the George Cross (GC), which is also awarded for courage in great danger. It is a silver cross decorated with St George and the Dragon and the words 'For Gallantry', and is hung from a dark blue ribbon. It was introduced by George VI in 1940.Other highly valued medals include the Distinguished Service Cross, the Military Cross and the George Medal. There are also medals for acts of courage by police officers and by members of the firefighting, lifeboat and coastguard services.The US also has many medals for military and civilian achievements. The Medal of Honor (MH), often called the Congressional Medal of Honor, is the highest military award and is given for 'the risk of life, above and beyond the call of duty'. It is a star that hangs from a blue ribbon which is decorated with 13 white stars. It was created in 1862 during the Civil War. Another well-known military medal is the Purple Heart (PH), which is awarded to Americans wounded in wars. George Washington introduced it in 1782 as the Badge of Military Merit, and the medal today has a ribbon above a purple heart with Washington's image on it. Other important military awards include the Distinguished Service Cross and the Bronze Star.The highest US civilian award is the Presidential Medal of Freedom, established in 1945 as the Medal of Freedom. It was originally for military service, but President Kennedy changed this and also its name. The Congressional Gold Medal is also for civilians. The first was awarded in 1776 to George Washington; in 2003 one was awarded to the British Prime Minister, Tony Blair. The Carnegie Medal, another honour for civilians, is given to people who have saved, or tried to save, somebody's life. On the medal is a sentence from the Bible: 'Greater love hath no man than this, that a man lay down his life for his friends.'see also bronze medal, gold medal, silver medalExtra ExamplesTopics War and conflictb2, Sports: other sportsb2He won a gold medal in the 100 metres. 他在100 米赛中夺得了金牌。 Her medal hopes were dashed by injury. 因为受伤，她夺牌的希望破灭了。 a medal for bravery 英勇勋章 He received a medal for his service in the war. 他因在战争中服役得到了一枚勋章。 She is one of our best hopes for an Olympic medal. 她是我们获得奥运会奖牌的最大希望之一。 That brings Britain's medal haul to six—two golds, three silvers and a bronze. 这使英国的奖牌总数达到6枚——2枚金牌、3枚银牌和1枚铜牌。 Anyone who does that job deserves a medal! 无论谁做那个工作都值得嘉奖！
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective- bronze
- gold
- silver
- …
- be awarded
- collect
- earn
- …
- winner
- hope
- hopes
- …
- medal for
- a medal of honour/honor
Word Originlate 16th cent.: from French médaille, from Italian medaglia, from medieval Latin medalia ‘half a denarius’ (ancient Roman silver coin), from Latin medialis ‘medial’.
Idioms
somebody deserves a medal
- (informal)
used to say that you admire somebody because they have done something difficult or unpleasant （用以夸奖某人完成了艰巨任务）应给某人授勋 She deserves a medal for teaching those 5-year-olds all day! 她整天教那些5岁的孩子，应该得到一枚奖章！ You really deserve a medal! 你实在应得一块奖章 !