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IELTS BNC: 8458 COCA: 9029

refrain

verb
/rɪˈfreɪn/
/rɪˈfreɪn/
[intransitive] (formal)
Verb Forms
present simple I / you / we / they refrain
/rɪˈfreɪn/
/rɪˈfreɪn/
he / she / it refrains
/rɪˈfreɪnz/
/rɪˈfreɪnz/
past simple refrained
/rɪˈfreɪnd/
/rɪˈfreɪnd/
past participle refrained
/rɪˈfreɪnd/
/rɪˈfreɪnd/
-ing form refraining
/rɪˈfreɪnɪŋ/
/rɪˈfreɪnɪŋ/
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  1. to stop yourself from doing something, especially something that you want to do克制；节制；避免 synonym desist
    • refrain (from something) They appealed to the protesters to refrain from violence.他们呼吁抗议者不要使用暴力。
    • Both sides should refrain from actions that would make the situation worse.双方都应避免采取会使局势恶化的行动。
    • refrain from doing something Please refrain from smoking.请勿吸烟。
    • He has refrained from criticizing the government in public.他克制住了自己，没有在公开场合批评政府。
    Extra Examples
    • He deliberately refrained from expressing his opinion on the matter.他刻意避免就这一问题发表看法。
    • I refrained from laughing.我忍住不笑。
    • Priscilla could barely refrain from clapping her hands together.普丽西拉几乎忍不住要随着一起拍手了。
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadverb
    • carefully
    • deliberately
    • wisely
    • …
    preposition
    • from
    See full entry
    Word Originverb Middle English (in the sense ‘restrain a thought or feeling’): from Old French refrener, from Latin refrenare, from re- (expressing intensive force) + frenum ‘bridle’.

refrain

noun
/rɪˈfreɪn/
/rɪˈfreɪn/
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  1. a comment or complaint that is often repeated经常重复的评价（或抱怨）
    • Complaints about poor food in schools have become a familiar refrain.抱怨学校饭菜差已是耳熟能详的老调了。
    • The protest began with a small group, but then the others took up the refrain.抗议始于一小群人，但随后其他人开始重复。
    Extra Examples
    • I kept hearing the same refrain.我一再听到同样的老调。
    • Shoppers, so the refrain goes, are never happy until they have found a bargain.正如人们常说的那样，购物者只有在买到便宜货时才会心满意足。
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective
    • constant
    • common
    • familiar
    • …
    verb + refrain
    • sing
    • take up
    • echo
    • …
    refrain + verb
    • go
    See full entry
  2. the part of a song or a poem that is repeated after each verse副歌；迭歌；迭句
    • The choir's sopranos took up the refrain.合唱队的女高音开始唱副歌部份。
    synonym chorus
    Wordfinder
    Topics Musicc2
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective
    • constant
    • common
    • familiar
    • …
    verb + refrain
    • sing
    • take up
    • echo
    • …
    refrain + verb
    • go
    See full entry
    3. Word Originnoun late Middle English: from Old French, from refraindre ‘break’, based on Latin refringere ‘break up’ (because the refrain “broke” the sequence).
IELTS BNC: 8458 COCA: 9029
refrain

noun

ADJECTIVE | VERB + REFRAIN | REFRAIN + VERB ADJECTIVE➤constant一再重複的話▸➤common, familiar耳熟能詳的話◇Complaints about school food have become a familiar refrain.對學校伙食的抱怨已經是耳熟能詳的老調了。VERB + REFRAIN➤sing, take up唱副歌；開始唱副歌◇The choir's sopranos took up the refrain.合唱隊的女高音開始唱副歌部份。➤echo, repeat重彈老調；一再重複話語➤hear聽見一再重複的話◇I kept hearing the same refrain.我一再聽到同樣的老調。REFRAIN + VERB➤go正如常說的◇Can you remember how the refrain goes?你能記起那句老話是怎麼說的嗎？
refrain

verb

ADVERB | PREPOSITION ADVERB➤carefully, deliberately小心克制；刻意忍住◇He deliberately refrained from expressing his opinion on the matter.他刻意避免就這一問題發表看法。➤wisely明智地克制➤barely幾乎不能克制◇Priscilla could barely refrain from clapping her hands together.普麗西拉幾乎忍不住要隨着一起拍手了。PREPOSITION➤from抑制⋯◇I refrained from laughing.我忍住不笑。
IELTS BNC: 8458 COCA: 9029
IELTS BNC: 8458 COCA: 9029
refrain
To not act, or to not do something: bother, abstain, neglect...
Parts of poems: canto, couplet, dactyl...
Parts of songs: chorus, lyric, refrain...
Types of phrase or expression: adage, aphorism, axiom...

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