tumour ♦︎ ulcer ♦︎ sore ♦︎ swelling ♦︎ inflammation ♦︎ blister ♦︎ lump ♦︎ bump ♦︎ abscess ♦︎ boilThese are all words for places on the skin or inside the body that are unhealthy and bigger than usual as a result of illness or injury.这些词均表示肿瘤、肿块、溃疡、疮。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a tumour / an ulcer / sores / a swelling / a blister / a lump / an abscess / a boil on a part of the body◆a tumour / sores / a swelling / inflammation / a lump / an abscess in a part of the body◆(a) painful ulcers / sores / swelling / inflammation / blisters / lump / abscess / boil◆to have a tumour / an ulcer / a sore / a swelling / inflammation / a blister / a lump / a bump / an abscess / a boil◆to develop a tumour / an ulcer / a blister / an abscess◆to get an ulcer / sores / a blister / a bump / a boil◆to treat a tumour / an ulcer / a boil◆a tumour / an ulcer / a blister / an abscess forms / develops◆an ulcer / a blister / an abscess / a boil bursts■tumour (BrE) (NAmEtumor) ˈtjuːmə(r); NAmEˈtuːmər [countable] a mass of cells growing in or on a part of the body where they should not, usually causing medical problems瘤;肿瘤;肿块◆He has a malignant(= harmful)brain tumour.他患有恶性脑瘤。◆They were relieved to hear that the tumour was benign(= not dangerous).听说是良性肿瘤,他们松了一口气。■ulcerˈʌlsə(r) [countable] a painful area on the outside of the body or on the surface of an organ inside the body, which may bleed or produce a poisonous substance溃疡◆a stomach ulcer胃溃疡◆ (BrE) a mouth ulcer口腔溃疡ⓘ In American English a mouth ulcer is called a canker sore.在美式英语中,mouth ulcer称作canker sore。■sore [countable] a painful, often red, place on the body where there is a wound or infection(外伤或感染引起的)疮,溃疡◆The illness left them with open sores all over their backs.这种病让他们的背上全是开放性溃疡。ⓘ A cold sore is a painful spot on the lips or inside the mouth that is caused by a virus. A canker sore is the American English word for a mouth ulcer, and is not caused by a virus. * cold sore指病毒引起的唇疱疹。canker sore则是美式英语中口腔溃疡的说法,不是由病毒引起的。 see also sore ⇨ painfuladj.1■swelling [uncountable, countable] the condition of being swollen(= larger or rounder than normal); a place on your body that has become swollen because of illness or injury(因病或因伤导致的)肿胀;肿胀处;浮肿处◆Use ice to reduce the swelling.用冰敷消肿。◆The fall left her with a painful swelling above her eye.她摔了一跤,眼睛上方磕了个包,疼得很。 see also swell ⇨ swell■inflammation ˌɪnfləˈmeɪʃn [uncountable, countable] a condition in which a part of the body becomes red, painful and swollen because of infection or injury(感染或受伤引起的)发炎,炎症◆The doctor's notes recorded inflammation of the ear.病历上写着耳朵发炎。 see also inflamed ⇨ painfuladj.1■blister [countable] a small, round, raised area of the skin that has become filled with liquid and is caused, for example, by rubbing or burning(皮肤上因摩擦或被烫等造成的)水疱,疱◆He'd got blisters on his feet from running.他的脚因为跑步起了水疱。■lump [countable] a swelling under the skin, sometimes a sign of serious illness(皮下的)肿块,隆起◆He was unhurt except for a lump on his head.除了头上起了个包,他没有别的伤。◆Check your breasts for lumps every month.每月要检查一次乳房是否有肿块。■bump [countable] (ratherinformal) a swelling on the body, often the head, where you have been hit by sth(常指头部因碰撞所致的)肿块◆She was covered in bumps and bruises.她全身都是肿块和瘀伤。■abscess ˈæbses [countable] a swollen and infected area under the skin or in the body, full of a thick yellowish liquid(= pus)脓肿◆He had a painful abscess on his gum.他的牙龈脓肿疼痛。■boil [countable] a swollen and infected area under the skin which is full of a thick yellowish liquid(= pus)疖;皮下脓肿;黄水疮◆The boil on his back was painful.他背部的黄水疮让他很痛苦。NOTE辨析 Abscess or boil?A boil is always just under the skin on the surface of the body, and is usually less serious than an abscess, which can be deeper within the body and will usually need treatment by a doctor. * boil总是就在身体表皮之下,通常不如abscess严重,后者可能是在体内更深处,通常需医生治疗。