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IELTS BNC: 2290 COCA: 2303

illness

noun
 
/ˈɪlnəs/
/ˈɪlnəs/
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  1.  
     [uncountable] the state of being physically or mentally ill（身体或精神上的）疾病，病
    • patients with severe mental illness患有严重精神疾病的病人
    • The virus can cause illness in humans.这种病毒会导致人类生病。
    • I missed a lot of school through illness last year.我去年因病耽误了很多功课。
    Extra Examples
    • He's just returned to work after illness.他病愈后刚刚回来上班。
    • Her childhood was plagued by illness.她在童年时期饱受疾病折磨。
    • She feigned illness so that she wouldn't have to go to school.她假装生病，这样就不用去上学了。
    • Suddenly, illness hit the household.突然之间，疾病袭击了整个家庭。
    • The immune system enables the body to fight off illness.免疫系统使身体能够抵抗疾病。
    • We assess the applicant's history of family illness.我们评估申请人的家族病史。
    • earnings lost due to illness生病造成的收入损失
    • the first case of illness from the Ebola virus由埃博拉病毒引起的首个病例
    Topics Illnessa2
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective
    • deadly
    • fatal
    • incurable
    • …
    … of illness
    • bout
    • episode
    verb + illness
    • experience
    • have
    • suffer
    • …
    illness + verb
    • affect somebody
    • afflict
    • plague somebody
    • …
    preposition
    • after illness
    • because of illness
    • due to illness
    • …
    phrases
    • the onset of an illness
    See full entry
  2.  
     [countable] a type or period of illness（某种）病；患病期
    • serious/severe/chronic illnesses严重/严重/慢性疾病
    • a terminal illness绝症
    • childhood illnesses儿童患的各种病
    • He died after a long illness.他久病不愈而亡。
    • She suffers from a debilitating illness.她患有一种使人虚弱的疾病。
    Synonyms illnessillness
    • sickness
    • ill health
    • trouble
    These are all words for the state of being physically or mentally ill.
    • illness the state of being physically or mentally ill指身体或精神上的疾病
    • sickness illness; bad health:
      • I recommend you get insurance against sickness and unemployment.我建议你办个疾病和失业保险。
    illness or sickness?用 illness 还是 sickness？Sickness is used especially in contexts concerning work and insurance. It is commonly found with words such as pay, leave, absence and insurance. Illness has a wider range of uses and is found in more general contexts.
    • ill health (rather formal) the state of being physically ill or having lots of health problems:指健康状况不佳：
      • She resigned because of ill health.她因健康状况不佳而辞职。
      Ill health often lasts a long period of time.
    • trouble illness or pain:
      • heart trouble.心脏疾病
      When trouble is used with this meaning, it is necessary to say which part of the body is affected.
    Patterns
    • chronic illness/​sickness/​ill health
    • to suffer from illness/​sickness/​ill health/​heart, etc. trouble
    Synonyms diseasedisease
    • illness
    • disorder
    • infection
    • condition
    • ailment
    • bug
    These are all words for a medical problem.
    • disease a medical problem affecting humans, animals or plants, often caused by infection:
      • He suffers from a rare blood disease.他患有一种罕见的血液病。
    • illness a medical problem, or a period of suffering from one:
      • She died after a long illness.她久病不愈而亡。
    disease or illness?用 disease 还是 illness？Disease is used to talk about more severe physical medical problems, especially those that affect the organs. Illness is used to talk about both more severe and more minor medical problems, and those that affect mental health: heart/​kidney/​liver illness • mental disease. Disease is not used about a period of illness: She died after a long disease.
    • disorder (rather formal) an illness that causes a part of the body to stop functioning correctly:指失调、紊乱、不适、疾病：
      • a rare disorder of the liver.一种罕见的肝病
      A disorder is generally not infectious. Disorder is used most frequently with words relating to mental problems, for example psychiatric, personality, mental and eating. When it is used to talk about physical problems, it is most often used with blood, bowel and kidney, and these are commonly serious, severe or rare.
    • infection an illness that is caused by bacteria or a virus and that affects one part of the body:
      • a throat infection喉部感染
    • condition a medical problem that you have for a long time because it is not possible to cure it:
      • a heart condition心脏病
    • ailment (rather formal) an illness that is not very serious:指轻病、小恙：
      • childhood ailments儿童期小病
    • bug (informal) an infectious illness that is usually fairly mild:指轻微的传染病、小病：
      • a nasty flu bug严重的流感
    Patterns
    • to have/​suffer from a(n) disease/​illness/​disorder/​infection/​condition/​ailment/​bug
    • to catch/​contract/​get/​pick up a(n) disease/​illness/​infection/​bug
    Wordfinder
    Collocations IllnessesIllnesses疾病Becoming ill生病
    • catch a cold/​an infectious disease/​the flu/(British English) flu/​pneumonia/​a virus/(informal) a bug染上感冒／传染病／流感／肺炎／病毒／小毛病
    • get (British English) ill/(North American English) sick/​a disease/​AIDS/​breast cancer/​a cold/​the flu/(British English) flu/​a migraine患病／艾滋病／乳腺癌／感冒／流感／偏头痛
    • come down with a cold/​the flu/(British English) flu得了感冒／流感
    • contract a deadly disease/​a serious illness/​HIV/​AIDS感染致命疾病／严重疾病／艾滋病病毒／艾滋病
    • be infected with a virus/​a parasite/​HIV受病毒／寄生虫／艾滋病病毒感染
    • develop cancer/​diabetes/​a rash/​an ulcer/​symptoms of hepatitis患上癌症／糖尿病／皮疹／溃疡；出现肝炎症状
    • have a heart attack/​a stroke心脏病／中风发作
    • provoke/​trigger/​produce an allergic reaction引起／产生过敏反应
    • block/​burst/​rupture a blood vessel使血管阻塞／破裂
    • damage/​sever a nerve/​an artery/​a tendon损伤／切断神经／动脉／肌腱
    Being ill病了
    • feel (British English) ill/​nauseous/​queasy
    • be running (British English) a temperature/(North American English) a fever发烧
    • have a head cold/​diabetes/​heart disease/​lung cancer/​a headache/(British English) a high temperature/(North American English) a fever患伤风感冒／糖尿病／心脏病／肺癌；头痛；发烧
    • suffer from asthma/​malnutrition/​frequent headaches/​bouts of depression/​a mental disorder患哮喘／营养不良症／经常性头痛／多发性抑郁症／精神错乱
    • be laid up with/ (British English) be in bed with a cold/​the flu/(British English) flu/​a migraine因感冒／流感／偏头痛而卧床休息
    • nurse a cold/​a headache/​a hangover调治感冒／头痛／宿醉
    • battle/​fight cancer/​depression/​addiction/​alcoholism与癌症／抑郁症作斗争；戒瘾；戒酒
    Treatments治疗
    • examine a patient给病人做检查
    • diagnose a condition/​disease/​disorder诊断疾病
    • be diagnosed with cancer/​diabetes/​schizophrenia诊断为癌症／糖尿病／精神分裂症
    • prescribe/​be given/​be on/​take drugs/​medicine/​medication/​pills/​painkillers/​antibiotics开／得到／服用药／药片／止痛药／抗生素
    • treat somebody for cancer/​depression/​shock治疗某人的癌症／抑郁症／休克
    • have/​undergo an examination/​an operation/​surgery/​a kidney transplant/​therapy/​chemotherapy/​treatment for cancer接受检查／手术／外科手术／肾移植手术／治疗／化疗／癌症治疗
    • have/​be given an injection/(British English) a flu jab/(North American English) a flu shot/​a blood transfusion/​a scan/​an X-ray打针；接种流感疫苗；接受输血；做扫描检查；照 X 光
    • cure a disease/​an ailment/​cancer/​a headache/​a patient治疗疾病／病痛／癌症／头痛／病人
    • prevent the spread of disease/​further outbreaks/​damage to the lungs防止疾病扩散／疾病进一步爆发／对肺部造成伤害
    • be vaccinated against the flu/(British English) flu/​the measles/(British English) measles/​polio/​smallpox接种流感／麻疹／小儿麻痹症／天花疫苗
    • enhance/​boost/​confer/​build immunity to a disease增加对疾病的免疫力
    Extra Examples
    • Diabetes is a common illness.糖尿病是一种常见病。
    • He became blind after contracting a rare illness.他感染上一种罕见的病症后就失明了。
    • She survived a life-threatening illness.她挺过了一场危及性命的大病。
    • Some illnesses occur more frequently following puberty.有些疾病在青春期以后发作更加频繁。
    • Sometimes it's hard to tell whether illnesses result from bacteria or viruses.有时候很难分辨疾病到底是细菌引起的还是病毒引起的。
    • As his illness progressed, Neil began to have difficulty speaking.随着病情的发展，尼尔开始出现言语困难。
    • They had failed to find the cause of his mystery illness.他们没能找出他这种神秘疾病的病因。
    • a drug that may be helpful in preventing illnesses such as cancer可能有助于预防癌症等疾病的药物
    • Have you suffered from any serious illnesses in the past six months?在过去的六个月里你患过什么严重的疾病吗？
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective
    • deadly
    • fatal
    • incurable
    • …
    … of illness
    • bout
    • episode
    verb + illness
    • experience
    • have
    • suffer
    • …
    illness + verb
    • affect somebody
    • afflict
    • plague somebody
    • …
    preposition
    • after illness
    • because of illness
    • due to illness
    • …
    phrases
    • the onset of an illness
    See full entry
IELTS BNC: 2290 COCA: 2303
illness

noun

ADJECTIVE | ... OF ILLNESS | VERB + ILLNESS | ILLNESS + VERB | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤deadly, fatal, incurable, terminal致命的疾病；不治之症；絕症▸➤catastrophic (NAmE, law法律) , critical, dangerous, debilitating, devastating, life-threatening, major, serious, severe, terrible重大疾病；危重疾病；危險的病情；使人虛弱的疾病；毀滅性的疾病；危及性命的疾病；可怕的疾病◇He suffered from a debilitating illness which made everyday life a struggle.他得了一種使人虛弱不堪的病，連日常生活都成了煎熬。➤mild, minor微恙；小病➤treatable可以治療的疾病◇Clinical depression is a treatable illness.臨牀抑鬱症是一種可以治療的疾病。➤preventable可以預防的疾病◇TB is a major cause of preventable illness and death.結核病是誘發可預防疾病和導致死亡的重要因素。➤lengthy, lingering, long, long-standing, long-term, prolonged痼疾；頑症；沉屙➤degenerative, progressive變性疾病；不斷發展的病情▸➤brief, short短期疾病▸➤final, last絕症▸➤acute, chronic急性病；慢性病➤sudden突發疾病◇Kerry died of a sudden illness.克里暴病而亡。➤infectious傳染病➤family, genetic家族疾病；遺傳性疾病◇We assess the applicant's history of family illness.我們評估申請人的家族病史。➤painful折磨人的疾病➤mysterious, mystery, unexplained神秘的病症；不明原因的疾病◇They had failed to find the cause of his mystery illness.他們沒能找出他這種神秘疾病的病因。➤common常見病◇Diabetes is a common illness.糖尿病是一種常見病。➤rare罕見的疾病◇He became blind after contracting a rare illness.他感染上一種罕見的病症後就失明了。➤depressive, mental, psychiatric, psychological, psychotic, stress-related抑鬱症；精神疾病；心理疾病；由壓力引發的疾病▸➤psychosomatic心身病➤medical醫學疾病◇Depression is a treatable medical illness.抑鬱症是一種可治療的醫學疾病。➤AIDS-related, flu-like, food-borne, physical, respiratory, smoking-related, viral艾滋病相關病症；流感樣病症；食源性疾病；身體疾病；呼吸系統病症；與吸煙有關的疾病；病毒性疾病▸➤childhood兒童疾病... OF ILLNESS➤bout, episode一場病；一次疾病發作◇an acute episode of mental illness一次精神病急性發作VERB + ILLNESS➤experience, have, suffer, suffer from經歷疾病；有病；患病◇those who experience mental illness患有精神病的人◇Badly fed children suffer a lot of minor illnesses.飲食不良的孩子常常鬧些小病。◇people who suffer from mental illness精神病患者➤catch, contract, develop, get得病；染病◇people who never seem to catch the illnesses their friends get似乎從來不會感染朋友所得疾病的人們◇He contracted a serious illness and died a month later.他身染重病，一個月後去世了。➤diagnose診斷疾病▸➤treat治療疾病◇The drug is used to treat a wide range of illnesses.這種藥物用於治療多種疾病。➤cure, heal (especially NAmE) 治瘉疾病◇The only thing that could cure her illness was a special herb.唯一能治好她疾病的東西是一種特別的草藥。➤control, manage控制／調理疾病◇ways to help arthritis sufferers manage their illness幫助關節炎患者調理病情的方法➤survive挺過了疾病◇She survived a life-threatening illness.她挺過了一場危及性命的大病。➤beat戰勝疾病◇Claire is optimistic she can beat her illness.克萊爾對戰勝疾病持樂觀態度。➤cause引起疾病◇illnesses caused by poverty貧窮導致的各種疾病➤prevent預防疾病◇a drug that may be helpful in preventing illnesses such as cancer可能有助於預防癌症等疾病的藥物➤battle, combat與疾病鬥爭▸➤fight, fight off, overcome, recover from抵抗疾病；戰勝疾病；病後康復◇The immune system enables the body to fight off illness.免疫系統使身體能夠抵抗疾病。➤fake, feign裝病；佯裝生病◇She feigned illness so that she wouldn't have to go to school.她假裝生病，這樣就不用去上學了。➤nurse sb through護理某人度過病期◇She nursed her father through his final illness.她護理父親度過了患病中的最後一段時光。➤bear忍受病痛◇She bore her final illness with great courage.她以巨大的勇氣承受了最後的病痛。ILLNESS + VERB➤affect sb, afflict (formal) 疾病感染某人／折磨◇The mystery illness affected hundreds of people.有數百人染上了這種怪病。◇Mental illness afflicts one in four people.每四個人當中就有一個人遭受精神疾病的折磨。➤plague sb病魔纏繞某人◇Her childhood was plagued by illness.她在童年時期飽受疾病折磨。➤hit (sb), strike (sb)疾病襲擊（某人）◇Suddenly, illness hit the household.突然之間，疾病襲擊了整個家庭。◇The illness struck while he was touring.他在旅遊期間突然患病。➤arise, occur疾病發作／發生◇Some illnesses occur more frequently following puberty.有些疾病在青春期以後發作更加頻繁。➤cause sth疾病引起⋯◇the pain and distress caused by your illness由於你的疾病引起的痛苦和焦慮➤progress疾病發展◇As his illness progressed, Neil began to have difficulty speaking.隨着病情的發展，尼爾開始出現言語困難。➤result (from sth)疾病產生（自⋯）◇Sometimes it's hard to tell whether illnesses result from bacteria or viruses.有時候很難分辨疾病到底是細菌引起的還是病毒引起的。➤require sth疾病需要⋯◇Both illnesses require treatment.兩種疾病都需要治療。PREPOSITION➤after illness病瘉後◇He's just returned to work after illness.他病瘉後剛剛回來上班。➤because of illness, due to illness, through illness由於生病◇earnings lost through illness生病造成的收入損失➤with illness身患疾病◇people with serious psychological illnesses患有嚴重心理疾病的人➤illness among⋯中的疾病◇a high rate of illness among the workers工人中的高發病率➤illness associated with與⋯有關的疾病◇the illnesses associated with HIV infection與艾滋病病毒感染有關的疾病➤illness from源自⋯的疾病◇the first case of illness from the Ebola virus由埃博拉病毒引起的首個病例➤illness in⋯中的疾病◇episodes of illness in children兒童中的發病PHRASES➤the onset of an illness疾病的發作◇the sudden onset of illness in a parent父母中一方突然發病
IELTS BNC: 2290 COCA: 2303
illness noun
⇨ illness (a period of illness) ⇨ disease (suffer from an illness)illness

noun

  ➡ See also the entry for disease 另见disease条illness ♦︎ sickness ♦︎ ill health ♦︎ troubleThese are all words for the state of being physically or mentally ill. 这些词均表示身体或精神上不适、患病。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆due to / owing to / through illness / sickness / ill health◆chronic illness / sickness / ill health◆to suffer from illness / sickness / ill health / heart, etc. trouble■ illness [uncountable] the state of being physically or mentally ill （身体或精神上的）疾病，病◆She suffered from mental illness throughout her life.她终生患有精神病。◆I missed a lot of school through illness last year.我去年因病缺了很多课。   see also ill ⇨ sick 1 ■ sickness [uncountable] (rather formal) illness; bad health 疾病；不健康◆I recommend you get insurance against sickness and unemployment.我建议你办理疾病和失业保险。  see also sick ⇨ sick 1 NOTE 辨析 Illness or sickness? Sickness is used especially in contexts concerning work and insurance. Illness has a wider range of uses and is used in more general contexts. * sickness尤用于跟工作和保险有关的语境中。illness用法较广，用于较宽泛的语境中。■ ˌill ˈhealth [uncountable] (rather formal) the state of being physically ill or having lots of health problems 健康状况不佳；多病◆She was forced to resign because of ill health.她因健康状况不佳而被迫辞职。ⓘ Ill health often lasts a long period of time. * ill health常持续较长时间。■ trouble [uncountable] illness or pain in a particular part of the body （身体特定部位的）疾病，疼痛◆He suffers from heart trouble.他患有心脏病。◆I've been having trouble with my knee.我老是膝盖痛。
IELTS BNC: 2290 COCA: 2303
illness
General words for illnesses, diseases and medical conditions: illness, disease, sickness...
Periods of bad health: illness, bout, attack...

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