intellectual abilities/discussion智能;思想交锋an intellectual audience/elite聪明的观众;知识精英intellectual ♦︎ theoretical ♦︎ psychological ♦︎ mental ♦︎ abstract ♦︎ philosophical ♦︎ academic ♦︎ conceptualThese words all describe things that are connected with ideas or the mind rather than the physical world.这些词均表示思想的、理智的、观念上的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆an intellectual / a theoretical / a psychological / sb's mental / an abstract / a philosophical / an academic / a conceptual approach◆an intellectual / a theoretical / a philosophical / an academic / a conceptual framework◆intellectual / theoretical / psychological / abstract / philosophical / conceptual terms◆an intellectual / a theoretical / a psychological / a mental / an abstract / a philosophical concept◆intellectual / abstract / philosophical / academic / conceptual thought / thinking◆intellectual / theoretical / abstract / philosophical / academic discussion / argument / debate◆an intellectual / a theoretical / a psychological / a mental / a philosophical / a conceptual problem◆theoretical / psychological / philosophical / academic study◆purely intellectual / theoretical / psychological / mental / abstract / philosophical / academic / conceptual◆highly / largely intellectual / theoretical / abstract / academic■intellectual ˌɪntəˈlektʃuəl [usually before noun] connected with or using sb's ability to think in a logical way and understand things智力的;脑力的;理智的◆It can be very difficult to measure intellectual ability.智力水平很难进行测验。◆You can't really appreciate art from a purely intellectual standpoint.从纯理性的角度不可能真正地欣赏艺术。▸intellectually
adverb
◆The party carries no weight intellectually.该党在思想上没有什么影响力。◆It's an intellectually demanding job.这是个对智力要求很高的工作。■theoretical ˌθɪəˈretɪkl; NAmEˌθiːəˈretɪkl [usually before noun] concerned with the ideas and principles on which a subject is based rather than with practice or experiments理论上的◆We aim to provide you with both theoretical and practical knowledge of your subject.我们力求为你们提供所学科目的理论和实践知识。◆The emphasis of his lectures is on theoretical physics.他讲座的重点是理论物理学。OPPpractical,experimental ⇨ practical see also theory ⇨ theory1▸theoretically
adverb
◆Travelling faster than the speed of light is theoretically impossible.运行速度超过光速在理论上是不可能的。◆Theoretically, education is free in this country.该国的教育按理说是免费的。■psychologicalˌsaɪkəˈlɒdʒɪkl; NAmEˌsaɪkəˈlɑːdʒɪkl [usually before noun] connected with the mind and how it works心灵的;心理的◆Victory in the previous game should give them a psychological advantage over their opponents.上一场比赛的胜利使他们比对手有心理优势。◆Her latest movie is a tense psychological drama.她的最新影片是一部情节紧张的心理剧。◆I think his illness is more psychological(= caused by the mind) than physical.我认为他的病是心病,而不是身体上的。▸psychologically
adverb
◆Some of these so-called therapies can actually be psychologically harmful.这些所谓的治疗有一些实际上会对心理造成伤害。■mental [usually before noun] connected with or happening in the mind; involving the process of thinking思想的;精神的;思考的;智力的◆The experience caused her huge amounts of mental suffering.那次经历给她带来了巨大的精神痛苦。◆Do you have a mental picture of the scene(= can you imagine what it looks like)?你能想象那场景是什么样子吗?◆I made a mental note to call her as soon as I got home.我让自己记着一到家就给她打电话。◆I have a complete mental block(= I cannot learn or remember) when it comes to physics.我对物理一点都学不进去。◆Are you any good at mental arithmetic(= mathematical calculations that you do in your mind rather than on paper)?你擅长心算吗?▸mentally
adverb
◆The team were outplayed, physically and mentally.该队在体力上和精神上都被打败了。◆You need to be mentally prepared for the race.你得为比赛做好心理准备。■abstractˈæbstrækt based on general ideas and not on any particular real person, thing or situation; existing in thought or as an idea but not having any physical reality抽象的(与具体情况或具体经验相对);纯理论的◆Freedom is more than a purely abstract notion.自由并不仅仅是一个纯粹抽象的概念。◆We may talk of beautiful things but beauty itself is abstract.我们尽可谈论美的事物,但美本身却是抽象的。OPPconcrete ⇨ final see also abstraction ⇨ idea1▸the abstract
noun
[singular] ◆Legal questions rarely exist in the abstract; they are based on real cases.法律问题很少以抽象理论形式存在,它们是以真实的案例为基础的。■philosophical ˌfɪləˈsɒfɪkl; NAmEˌfɪləˈsɑːfɪkl [usually before noun] connected with philosophy; involving serious thinking about life, the universe and other important issues哲学的;思辨的◆The level of philosophical debate is usually quite high.哲学辩论的水平通常很高。▸philosophically
adverb
◆She is right-wing both politically and philosophically.她在政治上和哲学上都是右翼。■academic [usually before noun] involving a lot of reading or studying rather than practical or technical skills学术的(与实践技能或技术技能相对)◆I wasn't sure I could cope with the academic demands of the course.我没把握应付得了这门课的学术要求。◆She had very few academic qualifications.她的学术资历很欠缺。▸academically
adverb
◆They are all well qualified academically, but have little practical experience.他们在学历上完全够格,但几乎没有什么实践经验。■conceptualkənˈseptʃuəl (formal) connected with or based on ideas概念(上)的;观念(上)的◆She presents a conceptual framework for the analysis of educational processes.她提出了一个分析教育过程的概念框架。 see also concept ⇨ idea1▸conceptually
adverb
◆conceptually similar / distinct概念上相似/不同intellectual2
adjective
intellectual abilities/discussion智能;思想交锋an intellectual audience/elite聪明的观众;知识精英intellectual ♦︎ cultured ♦︎ literary ♦︎ studious ♦︎ learned ♦︎ scholarly ♦︎ highbrow ♦︎ bookishThese are all words for sb who is interested in books, academic study, serious culture, etc.这些词均表示有才智的、有学问的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆an intellectual / a cultured / a literary / a studious young / a learned / a scholarly / a bookish man / woman◆(a / an) intellectual / cultured / literary / learned / scholarly / highbrow readers / readership◆an intellectual / a cultured / a literary / a scholarly elite◆highly intellectual / cultured / literary■intellectual ˌɪntəˈlektʃuəl well educated and enjoying activities that involve serious thought有才智的;智力发达的◆His works were popular among the intellectual elite of the time.他的作品在当时很受知识精英欢迎。◆Don't imagine that all college students are highly intellectual!别以为大学生的智力都很高! see also intellectual ⇨ scholarnoun■cultured ˈkʌltʃəd; NAmEˈkʌltʃərd (approving) well educated and able to understand and enjoy art, literature, etc.有教养的;有修养的;文雅的◆She was a deeply cultured woman who had travelled a great deal.她是个文化修养很深的女人,走过很多地方。◆He spoke with a cultured accent(= the accent of a cultured person).他讲话很儒雅。■literaryˈlɪtərəri; NAmEˈlɪtəreriliking literature very much and knowing a lot about it; involved in studying or writing literature爱好且精通文学的;从事文学研究(或写作)的◆She was one of the great literary figures of her age.她是那个时代一位了不起的文学家。◆He was a literary man and had dreamed of becoming the Shakespeare of the movies.他是个文人,曾经梦想成为电影界的莎士比亚。■studiousˈstjuːdiəs; NAmEˈstuːdiəsspending a lot of time studying or reading勤奋的;好学的;用功的◆She was a quiet, studious girl.她是个文静、用功的女孩。◆He liked to wear glasses, which he thought made him look studious.他喜欢戴眼镜,他觉得这让他显得很博学。■learnedˈlɜːnɪd; NAmEˈlɜːrnɪd [usually before noun] (formal) having a lot of knowledge based on serious study and reading有学问的;知识渊博的;博学的◆The lecture was given by an elderly learned professor.讲课的是一位学识渊博的老教授。 see also learning ⇨ knowledge■scholarlyˈskɒləli; NAmEˈskɑːlərli (ratherformal) spending a lot of time studying and having a lot of knowledge about an academic subject勤奋好学的;有学问的◆He was a very scholarly young man.他是个很有学识的年轻人。NOTE辨析 Studious, learned or scholarly?Studious emphasizes a person's habits and how much time they spend studying; a studious person is usually young. Learned emphasizes how much a person knows, especially knowledge based on a lifetime of study; a learned person is usually old. Scholarly emphasizes both the habit of studying and the knowledge got from studying; a scholarly person can be young or old. * studious强调一个人的学习习惯和在学习上花的时间,通常用来形容年轻人。learned强调一个人懂得多少,尤其强调毕生之所学,通常用来形容长者。scholarly既强调学习习惯,也强调通过学习获得的知识,既可形容年轻人,亦可形容长者。■highbrowˈhaɪbraʊ (sometimesdisapproving) concerned with or interested in serious artistic or cultural ideas关于正统艺术(或文化)思想的;对正统艺术(或文化)感兴趣的◆The journal is aimed at a highbrow readership.这份刊物针对的是高品位的读者。ⓘ Highbrow usually describes newspapers and television programmes and the people who read or watch them; collocates include readers, papers, press and television (programmes). * highbrow通常描述报纸及其读者、电视节目及其观众,搭配词有readers、papers、press和television (programmes)。■bookish (sometimesdisapproving) interested in reading or studying rather than in more active or practical things书呆子气的;学究似的◆Quiet and bookish, he was sometimes teased by the other boys.他寡言少语且有书呆子气,有时会遭到其他男孩的取笑。