involving a lot of effort and energy, especially over a period of time 艰苦的;艰难的 Extra ExamplesTopics Working lifec2It was physically arduous work. 这是一项体力劳动。 The road back to political stability is long and arduous. 回到政治稳定的道路是漫长而艰巨的。 an arduous task/process 艰巨任务;艰难过程
Oxford Collocations DictionaryArduous is used with these nouns:- climb
- journey
- process
- …
Word Originmid 16th cent.: from Latin arduus ‘steep, difficult’ + -ous.