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BNC: 726 COCA: 706

near

preposition
 
/nɪə(r)/
/nɪr/
(also near to, nearer (to), nearest (to))
Near to is not usually used before the name of a place, person, festival, etc.Idioms
jump to other results
  1.  
     at a short distance away from somebody/something在…附近；靠近
    • Do you live near here?你住在这附近吗？
    • Go and sit nearer (to) the fire.坐得靠炉子近点儿。
    Which Word? next / nearestnext / nearest
    • (The) next means ‘after this/​that one’ in time or in a series of events, places or people:* (the) next 指下一个时间、事情、地点或人：
      • When is your next appointment?你下一次预约时间是什么时候？
      • Turn left at the next traffic lights.在下一个红绿灯处向左拐。
      • Who’s next?下一个是谁？
      (The) nearest means ‘closest’ in space:* (the) nearest 指空间上最近：
      • Where’s the nearest supermarket?最近的超市在哪儿？
    • Notice the difference between the prepositions nearest to and next to:注意介词 nearest to 和 next to 的区别：
      • Janet’s sitting nearest to the window (= of all the people in the room).珍妮特坐在（屋里所有人中）离窗户最近的地方。
      • Sarah’s sitting next to the window (= right beside it).萨拉坐在窗户旁边。
      In informal British English nearest can be used instead of nearest to:
      • Who’s sitting nearest the door?谁坐在离门最近的地方？
  2.  
     a short period of time from something接近；临近
    • My birthday is very near Christmas.我的生日离圣诞节很近。
    • I’ll think about it nearer (to) the time (= when it is just going to happen).到时候我会考虑的。
    Topics Timeb1
  3.  
     used before a number to mean ‘approximately’, ‘just below or above’（用于数词前）大约，上下，接近
    • Share prices are near their record high of last year.股票价格接近去年的最高纪录。
    • Profits fell from $11 million to nearer $8 million.利润从 1 100 万美元下跌到大约 800 万美元。
  4.  
     similar to somebody/something in quality, size, etc.（质量、大小等）相仿，接近
    • Nobody else comes near her in intellect.谁也赶不上她聪明。
    • He's nearer 70 than 60.他 60 多岁，快 70 岁了。
    • This colour is nearest (to) the original.这种颜色最接近原色。
  5.  
     near (doing) something close to a particular state接近于（某种状态）；濒临；快要
    • a state near (to) death濒死状态
    • She was near to tears (= almost crying).她就要哭了。
    • We came near to being killed.我们差点丢了性命。
Idioms
(close/near) at hand
  1. close to you in time or distance（在时间或距离上）接近
    • Help was at hand.援助近在咫尺。
    • The property is ideally located with all local amenities close at hand.这处房地产的位置很理想，离当地的生活设施都近。
be close to/near the mark
  1. to be fairly accurate in a guess, statement, etc.（猜测、陈述等）接近准确，几乎无误
    • Such guesses are thought to be close to the mark.这种猜测被认为接近事实。
    • ‘The Times’ was nearer the mark when it said…《泰晤士报》的报道更接近事实
    Topics Doubt, guessing and certaintyc2
close/dear/near to somebody’s heart
  1. having a lot of importance and interest for somebody为某人所重视关心；为某人所爱

near

adjective
 
/nɪə(r)/
/nɪr/
(comparative nearer, superlative nearest)
In senses 1 to 4 near and nearer do not usually go before a noun; nearest can go either before or after a noun.Idioms
jump to other results
  1.  
     a short distance away距离近；不远 synonym close2
    • His house is very near.他的房子就在附近。
    • Where's the nearest bank?最近的银行在哪儿？
    • Wales may be a near neighbour but its history is quite distinct.威尔士可能是一个近邻，但它的历史非常独特。
    Which Word? next / nearestnext / nearest
    • (The) next means ‘after this/​that one’ in time or in a series of events, places or people:* (the) next 指下一个时间、事情、地点或人：
      • When is your next appointment?你下一次预约时间是什么时候？
      • Turn left at the next traffic lights.在下一个红绿灯处向左拐。
      • Who’s next?下一个是谁？
      (The) nearest means ‘closest’ in space:* (the) nearest 指空间上最近：
      • Where’s the nearest supermarket?最近的超市在哪儿？
    • Notice the difference between the prepositions nearest to and next to:注意介词 nearest to 和 next to 的区别：
      • Janet’s sitting nearest to the window (= of all the people in the room).珍妮特坐在（屋里所有人中）离窗户最近的地方。
      • Sarah’s sitting next to the window (= right beside it).萨拉坐在窗户旁边。
      In informal British English nearest can be used instead of nearest to:
      • Who’s sitting nearest the door?谁坐在离门最近的地方？
  2.  
     a short time away in the future不久以后
    • The conflict is unlikely to be resolved in the near future (= very soon).冲突短期内不大可能解决。
    • Working memory refers to the brain's ability to remember things in the short or near term.工作记忆是指大脑在短期或近期记忆事物的能力。
  3.  
     coming next after somebody/something随后；接近
    • She has a 12-point lead over her nearest rival.她领先紧随其后的对手 12 分。
  4.  
    (usually nearest)
    similar; most similar近似；相似；不分伯仲
    • He was the nearest thing to (= the person most like) a father she had ever had.她接触过的人中，他最像个父亲。
    see also o.n.o.
  5.  
     [only before noun] (no comparative or superlative无比较级或最高级) close to being somebody/something接近的；差不多的
    • The election proved to be a near disaster for the party.这次选举对该党来说几乎是一场灾难。
    • a near impossibility几乎不可能的事
    • She spoke in a near whisper.她低声说话。
    • The climbers had already had one near miss on the summit.这群登山者已经有过一次在山顶上差点出事的经历。
    Which Word? near / closenear / close
    • The adjectives near and close are often the same in meaning, but in some phrases only one of them may be used:形容词 near 和 close 通常含义相同，但在某些短语中只能用其中一个：
      • the near future不久的将来
      • a near neighbour近邻
      • a near miss差点儿命中
      • a close contest势均力敌的竞赛
      • a close encounter近距离接触
      • a close call侥幸脱险
      . Close is more often used to describe a relationship between people:close 更常用于描述人与人之间的关系：
      • a close friend密友
      • close family关系亲密的家庭
      • close links紧密的联系
      . You do not usually use near in this way.
  6.  
     [only before noun] near relative/relation used to describe a close family connection（亲属关系）近亲
    • Only the nearest relatives were present at the funeral.只有几位近亲参加了葬礼。
    Topics Family and relationshipsb2
    7. Word OriginMiddle English: from Old Norse nær ‘nearer’, comparative of ná, corresponding to Old English nēah ‘nigh’.
Idioms
your nearest and dearest
  1. (informal) your close family and friends至亲；至爱；最亲密的亲友
a near thing
  1. a situation in which you are successful, but which could also have ended badly侥幸做成的事
    • Phew! That was a near thing! It could have been a disaster.哎呀！好险哪！差一点儿出事。
    • We won in the end but it was a near thing.我们最后赢了，但是险胜。
    Topics Successc2
to the nearest…
  1. followed by a number when counting or measuring approximately近似于；约等于
    • We calculated the cost to the nearest 50 dollars.我们计算费用时尽量凑成 50 美元的倍数。

near

adverb
 
/nɪə(r)/
/nɪr/
(nearer, nearest)
Idioms
jump to other results
  1.  
     at a short distance away距离不远；在附近
    • A bomb exploded somewhere near.一颗炸弹在附近爆炸。
    • She took a step nearer.她走近一步。
    • Visitors came from near and far.游客来自四面八方。
  2.  
     a short time away in the future不久以后
    • The exams are drawing near.考试越来越近了。
  3. (especially in compounds尤用于构成复合词) almost几乎；差不多
    • a near-perfect performance近乎完美的表演
    • I'm as near certain as can be.我几乎完全可以确定。
    4. Word OriginMiddle English: from Old Norse nær ‘nearer’, comparative of ná, corresponding to Old English nēah ‘nigh’.
Idioms
as near as
  1. as accurately as准确到…的程度；大约
    • There were about 3 000 people there, as near as I could judge.据我判断，大约有 3 000 人在那里。
as near as damn it/dammit
  1. (British English, informal) used to say that an amount is so nearly correct that the difference does not matter（数量）相差无几，没什么分别
    • It will cost £350, or as near as dammit.这要花 350 英镑上下。
near enough
  1. (British English, informal) used to say that something is so nearly true that the difference does not matter确实；差不多
    • We've been here twenty years, near enough.我们在这里待了差不多二十年了。
not anywhere near/nowhere near
  1. far from; not at all远非；绝不是
    • The job doesn't pay anywhere near enough for me.这份工作付给我的报酬远远不够。
    • Older cars are nowhere near as fuel-efficient as modern cars.老式汽车远不如现代汽车省油。
pretty near (North American English)
(British English pretty nearly)
(also pretty much/well British and North American English)
  1. (informal) almost; almost completely几乎；差不多
    • The first stage is pretty near finished.第一阶段已经接近完成。
so near and yet so far
  1. used to comment on something that was almost successful but in fact failed功败垂成；功亏一篑Topics Difficulty and failurec2

near

verb
/nɪə(r)/
/nɪr/
[transitive, intransitive] (rather formal)
Verb Forms
present simple I / you / we / they near
/nɪə(r)/
/nɪr/
he / she / it nears
/nɪəz/
/nɪrz/
past simple neared
/nɪəd/
/nɪrd/
past participle neared
/nɪəd/
/nɪrd/
-ing form nearing
/ˈnɪərɪŋ/
/ˈnɪrɪŋ/
jump to other results
  1. near (something) to come close to something in time or space（时间或空间上）接近，靠近，临近 synonym approach
    • The project is nearing completion.这项工程就要竣工了。
    • She was nearing the end of her life.她已经临近生命的尽头。
    • He must be nearing 40.他一定快40岁了。
    • We neared the top of the hill.我们快到山顶了。
    • As Christmas neared, the children became more and more excited.快过圣诞节了，孩子们越来越兴奋。
    Extra Examples
    • As she neared the door she slipped and fell.当她走近门口时，她滑倒了。
    • As the bus neared we could see someone waving.公共汽车靠近时，我们看到有个人在挥手。
    • As we neared the island the cloud became thicker.当我们接近小岛时，云层变得更厚了。
    • He began to worry as the day of their visit neared.随着他们来访的日子越来越近，他开始担心起来。
    • Her stay in New York was nearing its end.她在纽约的逗留即将结束。
    • It was nearing midnight.快午夜了。
    • Many of the teachers were nearing retirement.许多教师临近退休。
    • More troops were nearing the besieged city.更多的部队正在接近这座被围困的城市。
    • She smiled as she neared the little group.当她走近这群人时，她笑了。
    • We were obviously nearing the airport.我们显然快到机场了。
    Oxford Collocations DictionaryNear is used with these nouns as the subject:
    • deadline
    Near is used with these nouns as the object:
    • climax
    • coast
    • completion
    • …
    See full entry
    Word OriginMiddle English: from Old Norse nær ‘nearer’, comparative of ná, corresponding to Old English nēah ‘nigh’.
BNC: 726 COCA: 706
BNC: 726 COCA: 706
near adj.
⇨ closenear adv.
⇨ draw near ⇨ come verb 2near verb
⇨ come 1 (We neared the island.) ⇨ come 2 (be nearing completion)
BNC: 726 COCA: 706
near
Next to, near to and not far away: local, close, nearly...
Function words referring to location: about, across, after...
Before a time or event: before, first, early...
Similar and similarly: similar, like, comparable...
Almost and almost not: almost, nearly, hardly...
Closeness and distance: distance, interval, proximity...
To move, or to move something towards a place: approach, make for, make towards...
Soon and as soon as possible: soon, shortly, just...
Time passing: passing, go by, wear on...

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