-
an illegal substance that some people smoke, inject, etc. for the physical and mental effects it has 毒品 He does not smoke or take drugs. 他既不抽烟也不吸毒。 to use/abuse drugs 使用/滥用药物 - (informal)
I don't do drugs (= use them). 我不吸毒。 to smuggle/supply/sell drugs 走私/供应/出售毒品 He was charged with possessing drugs. 他被指控持有毒品。 illegal/illicit drugs 非法药物 - on drugs
She looked like she was on drugs (= had taken drugs). 她看起来像是嗑药了。 I found out he was on drugs (= took them regularly). 我发现他在吸毒。 a drug dealer/trafficker/smuggler 毒贩/贩运者/走私者 drug use/abuse 吸毒/滥用药物 She was a drug addict. 她是个吸毒成瘾的人。 The actor struggled with drug addiction. 这位演员与毒瘾作斗争。
Culture drugsdrugsThe problem of drug abuse, the use of drugs for pleasure, is common in Britain and the US, especially among young people, but using drugs is illegal in both countries. Many teenagers try drugs before they leave school, and some of them use drugs regularly. There is also concern that younger children are being offered drugs. Drugs are much more widely available today than they were in the past and can be easily obtained on the streets, in schools, at nightclubs and elsewhere.Many different drugs are available, each known by a variety of slang names. They include amphetamines (uppers or speed), barbiturates (barbs or downers), cannabis or marijuana (dope, grass, pot or weed), cocaine (coke, crack, ice or snow), heroin (junk or smack), LSD (acid), and also benzodiazepines which are sometimes prescribed by doctors as tranquillizers. Other drugs include mescaline, methadone, morphine, amyl nitrate (poppers) and phencyclidine (angel dust or PCP). Some children experiment with solvent abuse (= breathing in the gas given off by strong glue or other chemical substances). The use of MDMA, better known as Ecstasy or E, has led to deaths that had a lot of attention in the news. More recently, new psychoactive substances, informally known as legal highs or designer drugs, have become available. These drugs contain a mixture of legal and illegal chemicals and herbs. They produce similar effects to drugs like cocaine and Ecstacy, and were sold in some shops as if they were substances for making a pleasant smell or for helping plants to grow. However, it is now illegal to produce or supply any of these substances. Many people are concerned about the problems associated with drug-taking. The main worry is that using drugs often leads to addiction (= being unable to stop using a drug), poor health, and even death. Reflecting public concern, the courts have taken a tough attitude towards drug dealers (= people who sell drugs on the street) and drug barons (= the people who supply drugs to the dealers). Addicts (= people who are unable to give up drugs) are not punished so hard but are encouraged to get medical treatment and attend rehabilitation centres.Drug-taking is blamed for a lot of crimes, as addicts sometimes steal in order to get money to buy drugs. Also, criminal organizations that sell drugs use violence to prevent others selling them. In the 1970s these problems caused the US government to begin the War on Drugs and it set up the Office of National Drug Control Policy in 1988. But not everyone supports the programme: many young people say that they can use drugs without becoming addicted. They also say that it is wrong for alcohol, also an addictive drug, to be legal, while the drugs they use are not. In 2009, President Obama announced that the administration would no longer use the term 'War on Drugs'. Instead, drug addiction should be seen as a disease that can be prevented and treated. In Britain, the government has also moved away from a strategy of frightening people, towards one involving education.There are often calls for soft drugs, the less harmful drugs such as cannabis, to be made legal, and in the US, there are now 29 states that have gone against US federal law and made the use of cannabis for medical purposes legal. Recreational use (= when it is taken for enjoyment) is legal in nine states and in Washington DC. This strategy is often resisted by those who believe that people taking soft drugs are likely to go on eventually to hard drugs, the more dangerous drugs such as heroin. People who agree with making soft drugs legal say that tougher laws do not work, and that many of the problems associated with drugs can be solved when it is legal to use them. For instance, the government can control the supply of drugs, and their quality and price. Criminal organizations are no longer involved, and that helps reduce violence. The government can put a tax on drugs, as is the case with tobacco and alcohol, and the money can be used to help pay for medical treatment for people who become addicted. But many people are worried by the increasing use of drugs and do not believe that making them legal is a solution.Extra ExamplesI never smoke, drink or use drugs. 我从不抽烟、喝酒或吸毒。 The movie depicts sex, drinking and drug use. 这部电影描述了性、饮酒和吸毒。 There was a huge growth in the export of illicit drugs. 非法药物的出口有了巨大的增长。 He is accused of supplying the drug that killed the teenager. 他被指控提供杀害这名少年的毒品。 It was obvious from his arm he had been injecting drugs. 从他的手臂可以明显看出他一直在注射毒品。 It was many years since he had used cocaine or any other hard drug. 他已经多年没有使用可卡因或其他烈性毒品了。 He was the only member of the band who never got into hard drugs. 他是乐队中唯一一个从不吸毒的成员。 She became a heavy drug user. 她成了一个重度吸毒者。 He was a petty thief and drug dealer. 他是个小偷和毒贩。 Drug traffickers are getting across the border. 贩毒者正在越境。 He was murdered by a drugs cartel. 他被一个贩毒集团谋杀了。 a criminal with connections to the drug trade 与毒品交易有联系的罪犯 This property was all bought with drug money. 这个房产都是用毒资买的。 She was charged with drug offences. 她被指控犯有毒品罪。 She died of a drug overdose. 她死于过量吸毒。 Alcohol and drug treatment programs have been cut. 酒精和药物治疗项目已经被削减。 All athletes have to undergo regular drug testing. 所有运动员都必须接受定期药物检测。 Some workplaces have introduced mandatory drug screening. 一些工作场所引入了强制药检。 The new federal drug czar claimed the nation was winning the war on drugs. 联邦政府新任缉毒总指挥宣称国家正在赢得反毒品战争的胜利。 a review of the drug sentencing laws to make penalties harsher 为加重处罚力度而对涉毒案件的量刑法律作的复查 the dangers of drink and drugs 酗酒与吸毒的危害 They committed the crime while high on drugs. 他们吸食毒品后极度亢奋犯下这一罪行。 the latest moves in the drug war 缉毒运动的最近几次行动 They had a liberal attitude to recreational drugs. 他们对于娱乐性毒品持一种宽容的态度。 Drugs have been seized with a street value of two million dollars. 黑市价值二百万美元的毒品已被查获。 an athlete who tested positive for performance-enhancing drugs 兴奋剂检测呈阳性的运动员 She was found to be under the influence of drugs. 她被发现受到毒品的影响。
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective- illegal
- illicit
- addictive
- …
- inject
- baron
- kingpin
- lord
- …
- drink and drugs
- drugs and alcohol
-
a substance used as a medicine or used in a medicine 药；药物 to prescribe/administer a drug 开药/给药 a prescription drug (= one that must be prescribed by a doctor) 处方药 anti-inflammatory/antiviral/painkilling drugs 抗炎/抗病毒/止痛药物 a new cancer drug 一种新型抗癌药物 a major drug company 一家大型制药公司 He's taking drugs for depression. 他正服药治疗抑郁症。
WordfinderCollocations Illnessessee also designer drugIllnesses 疾病 Becoming ill 生病 - catch a cold/an infectious disease/the flu/(British English) flu/pneumonia/a virus/(informal) a bug
染上感冒／传染病／流感／肺炎／病毒／小毛病 - get (British English) ill/(North American English) sick/a disease/AIDS/breast cancer/a cold/the flu/(British English) flu/a migraine
患病／艾滋病／乳腺癌／感冒／流感／偏头痛 - come down with a cold/the flu/(British English) flu
得了感冒／流感 - contract a deadly disease/a serious illness/HIV/AIDS
感染致命疾病／严重疾病／艾滋病病毒／艾滋病 - be infected with a virus/a parasite/HIV
受病毒／寄生虫／艾滋病病毒感染 - develop cancer/diabetes/a rash/an ulcer/symptoms of hepatitis
患上癌症／糖尿病／皮疹／溃疡；出现肝炎症状 - have a heart attack/a stroke
心脏病／中风发作 - provoke/trigger/produce an allergic reaction
引起／产生过敏反应 - block/burst/rupture a blood vessel
使血管阻塞／破裂 - damage/sever a nerve/an artery/a tendon
损伤／切断神经／动脉／肌腱
Being ill 病了 - feel (British English) ill/nauseous/queasy
- be running (British English) a temperature/(North American English) a fever
发烧 - have a head cold/diabetes/heart disease/lung cancer/a headache/(British English) a high temperature/(North American English) a fever
患伤风感冒／糖尿病／心脏病／肺癌；头痛；发烧 - suffer from asthma/malnutrition/frequent headaches/bouts of depression/a mental disorder
患哮喘／营养不良症／经常性头痛／多发性抑郁症／精神错乱 - be laid up with/ (British English) be in bed with a cold/the flu/(British English) flu/a migraine
因感冒／流感／偏头痛而卧床休息 - nurse a cold/a headache/a hangover
调治感冒／头痛／宿醉 - battle/fight cancer/depression/addiction/alcoholism
与癌症／抑郁症作斗争；戒瘾；戒酒
Treatments 治疗 - examine a patient
给病人做检查 - diagnose a condition/disease/disorder
诊断疾病 - be diagnosed with cancer/diabetes/schizophrenia
诊断为癌症／糖尿病／精神分裂症 - prescribe/be given/be on/take drugs/medicine/medication/pills/painkillers/antibiotics
开／得到／服用药／药片／止痛药／抗生素 - treat somebody for cancer/depression/shock
治疗某人的癌症／抑郁症／休克 - have/undergo an examination/an operation/surgery/a kidney transplant/therapy/chemotherapy/treatment for cancer
接受检查／手术／外科手术／肾移植手术／治疗／化疗／癌症治疗 - have/be given an injection/(British English) a flu jab/(North American English) a flu shot/a blood transfusion/a scan/an X-ray
打针；接种流感疫苗；接受输血；做扫描检查；照 X 光 - cure a disease/an ailment/cancer/a headache/a patient
治疗疾病／病痛／癌症／头痛／病人 - prevent the spread of disease/further outbreaks/damage to the lungs
防止疾病扩散／疾病进一步爆发／对肺部造成伤害 - be vaccinated against the flu/(British English) flu/the measles/(British English) measles/polio/smallpox
接种流感／麻疹／小儿麻痹症／天花疫苗 - enhance/boost/confer/build immunity to a disease
增加对疾病的免疫力
Extra ExamplesTopics Social issuesa2The doctors diagnosed epilepsy and prescribed drugs. 医生诊断为癫痫并开了药。 His parents had to learn to administer his drugs. 他的父母必须学会给他用药。 Patients need to inject the drug every two weeks. 病人需要每两周注射一次药物。 The drug has been approved to treat prostate cancer. 这种药物已被批准用于治疗前列腺癌。 Prescription drug prices rose. 处方药价格上涨了。 You used to be able to buy this medicine over the counter, but it is now a prescription drug. 你以前能在柜枱买到这种药，但它现在是处方药。 The doctor put me on a course of painkilling drugs. 医生让我服一个疗程的止痛药。 Some infections are now resistant to drugs. 现在有些传染病有抗药性。 The nurses came around to give the patients their drugs. 护士们来给病人送药。 They're hailing it as the new wonder drug. 他们把这种药誉为新的灵丹妙药。 We want to make it possible for African companies to produce cheaper generic drugs. 我们要设法使非洲公司可以生产较为便宜的非专利药品。 new drugs that have been developed recently 最近研制的新药 drugs that help the growth of skin tissue 有助于皮肤组织生成的药物 a powerful drug against tuberculosis 治疗肺结核的强效药 Some veterinary drugs are not approved for use in food-producing animals. 一些兽药未获批准用于食用动物。 The drug has some bad side effects. 这种药有些严重的副作用。
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective- powerful
- strong
- effective
- …
- course
- dose
- be on
- take
- prescribe (somebody)
- …
- cure something
- help something
- treat something
- …
- company
- prices
- drug against
- drug for
Word OriginMiddle English: from Old French drogue, possibly from Middle Dutch droge vate, literally ‘dry vats’, referring to the contents (i.e. dry goods).