a person who commits a crime 罪犯 a convicted criminal 一名已决罪犯 Police sometimes put themselves in danger when arresting violent criminals. 警察在逮捕暴力罪犯时有时会把自己置于危险之中。 Society does not know how to deal with hardened criminals (= people who regularly commit crimes and are not sorry for what they do). 社会不知道怎样处置惯犯。 - (especially North American English)
a career criminal (= who earns their income through criminal activities) 职业罪犯 He admits to being a petty criminal (= who commits crimes that are not very serious). 他承认自己是个小罪犯。 white-collar criminals 白领罪犯 a gang of criminals 一帮罪犯
Collocations CrimeCrime 犯罪 Committing a crime 犯罪 - commit a crime/a murder/a violent assault/a brutal killing/an armed robbery/fraud
犯罪／谋杀罪／暴力侵犯他人身体罪／残杀罪／持械抢劫罪／诈骗罪 - be involved in terrorism/a suspected arson attack/people smuggling/human trafficking
参与恐怖主义活动；涉嫌纵火袭击；参与人口走私／人口贩卖 - engage/participate in criminal activity/illegal practices/acts of mindless vandalism
参与犯罪活动／非法活动／愚昧的故意毁坏他人财产的行为 - steal somebody’s wallet/purse/(British English) mobile phone/(North American English) cell phone
偷某人的钱包／手机 - rob a bank/a person/a tourist
抢劫银行／他人／游客 - break into/ (British English) burgle/ (North American English) burglarize a house/a home/an apartment
入室盗窃 - hijack a plane/ship/bus
劫持飞机／轮船／公共汽车 - smuggle drugs/weapons/arms/immigrants
走私毒品／武器／军火；偷运移民 - launder drug money (through something)
（通过…）洗毒资 - forge documents/certificates/passports
伪造文件／证件／护照 - take/accept/pay somebody/offer (somebody) a bribe
索取／收受贿赂；向（某人）行贿 - run a phishing/an email/an internet scam
进行网络钓鱼／电子邮件／互联网诈骗
Fighting crime 打击犯罪 - combat/fight crime/terrorism/corruption/drug trafficking
打击犯罪／恐怖主义／腐败／贩毒 - prevent/stop credit-card fraud/child abuse/software piracy
防止／阻止信用卡诈骗／虐待儿童／软件盗版 - deter/stop criminals/burglars/thieves/shoplifters/vandals
威慑／阻止犯罪分子／入室盗窃者／小偷／商店扒手／故意破坏公物者 - reduce/tackle/crack down on knife/gun/violent/street crime; (especially British English) antisocial behaviour
减少／处理／严厉打击持刀／持枪／暴力／街头犯罪／反社会行为 - foil a bank raid/a terrorist plot
挫败一起银行抢劫案／一次恐怖分子的阴谋 - help/support/protect the victims of crime
帮助／支持／保护犯罪活动的受害者
Investigating crime 调查犯罪活动 - report a crime/a theft/a rape/an attack/(especially British English) an incident to the police
向警方举报不法行为／偷窃案／强奸案／袭击事件／暴力事件 - witness the crime/attack/murder/incident
目击犯罪／袭击／谋杀／暴力事件 - investigate a murder/(especially North American English) a homicide/a burglary/a robbery/the alleged incident
调查谋杀案／蓄意杀人案／入室盗窃案／抢劫案／涉嫌的暴力事件 - conduct/launch/pursue an investigation (into…); (especially British English) a police/murder inquiry
进行／开始／继续（对…的）调查／警方调查／谋杀案调查 - investigate/reopen a criminal/murder case
调查／重新审理犯罪／谋杀案件 - examine/investigate/find fingerprints at the crime scene/the scene of crime
仔细检查／调查／查找犯罪现场的指纹 - collect/gather forensic evidence
收集法医证据 - uncover new evidence/a fraud/a scam/a plot/a conspiracy/political corruption/a cache of weapons
发现新证据／诈骗／欺诈／密谋／阴谋／政治腐败／私藏武器 - describe/identify a suspect/the culprit/the perpetrator/the assailant/the attacker
描述／指认嫌疑犯／罪犯／作恶者／攻击者／袭击者 - question/interrogate a suspect/witness
询问嫌疑人／目击证人 - solve/crack the case
破案
Extra ExamplesTopics Crime and punishmenta2He has been associating with known criminals. 他一直和一些尽人皆知的罪犯有来往。 I told him to pass the information to the police so they could catch the criminals. 我告诉他把情报传给警方以便他们能抓住罪犯。 She was treated like a common criminal. 她被当成普通刑事犯对待。 Sending these youngsters to prison simply trains them to become professional criminals. 把这些年轻人送进监狱简直是培训他们成为职业罪犯。 serial killers and other kinds of violent criminals 连环杀手和其他种类的暴力罪犯
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective- dangerous
- violent
- real
- …
- catch
- convict
- prosecute
- …
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- Hype 251
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- hideous 133
- Rock 228
- slash 298
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- slovenly 68
- ignorantness 37
- bellow 169
- template 379
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- Paradigm 244
- multipurpose 74
- core 301
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- beachball 55
- Litigation 226
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- offbeat 169
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- fissured 98
- step up 114
- wrist 524
- Key 196
- distend 118
- hand off 50
- Me 296
- form 372
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- Tedious 115
- spinnaker 59
- Explorer 327
- cutesy 120
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- protective 569
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- Stage 341
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- electric blue 124
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- brewing 61
- graphics 224
- sometimes 128
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- Con man 30
- haemo- 65
- mas 29
- percipient 52
- investment 678
- orgy 91
- shiftless 88
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- publisher 152
- fallow-deer 54
- from cradle to grave 29
- Renovation 158
- good morning 91
- thrower 154
- Liechtenstein 46
- metalling 38
- misalignment 53
- door 362
- chintzy 159
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- hatch 565
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- accompany 610
- regurgitate 100
- knackers 33
- dd 55
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- cowboy 102
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- Like-minded 9
- Gig 160
- crude oil 119
- Apex 144
- stun 352
- airbase 89
- tobacco 586
- floating 130
- Respiratory 201
- caveat emptor 126
- oafish 53
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- parakeet 66
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- filings 119
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- creep 596
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- touch base (with somebody) 60
- plate 179
- the rat race 38
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- issue 585
- foothills 80
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- Draw 305
- cool down 124
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- ellipse 137
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- contravention 141
- Character 205
- Flatware 48
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- Colleague 228
- double as 57
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- defer 333
- re-elect 156
- flood 566
- cowlneck 33
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- pedalo 58
- Cling 122
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- Eloquent 388
- moggy 50
- polygamist 56
- collude 293
- Expire 182
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- amount 624
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- tablet 537
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- operate 597
- Auxiliary verbs - thesaurus 47
- Boulder 104
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- plus 594
- dimmest 64
- mumps 76
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- edm 51
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- Projection 214
- buckboard 84
- land on your feet 55
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- worn 226
- lapidaries 43
- mongrel 69
- kilt 85
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- Councillor 312
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- Recycling 91
- Vehicle 372
- alienate 302
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- NE 75
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- chock-full 120
- alpinist 52
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- at home 74
- diaspora 103
- [usually before noun] (rather formal or
law 法律 connected with or involving crime 犯罪的；犯法的；涉及犯罪的 criminal offences/activities 刑事犯罪/活动 a criminal act punishable by up to five years in jail 可处以最高五年监禁的犯罪行为 They were charged with criminal damage (= the crime of damaging somebody's property deliberately). 他们被指控犯有刑事毁坏罪。 She has been cleared of criminal negligence (= the illegal act of somebody failing to do something that they should do, with the result that somebody else is harmed). 她已被证明没有过失犯罪。
Extra ExamplesTopics Crime and punishmentb1It should be a criminal offence to inflict cruelty on any wild animal. 虐待任何野生动物都应属犯罪。
- [only before noun]
connected to the laws that deal with crime 刑法的；刑事的 the criminal justice system 刑事审判制度 to bring criminal charges against somebody 对某人提起刑事诉讼 a criminal lawyer/court/trial 刑事律师/法庭/审判 a criminal investigation 罪案侦查 a criminal prosecution/conviction 刑事起诉/定罪 a criminal case 刑事案件 The former minister could face criminal proceedings over his involvement in the deal. 这位前部长可能因参与该交易而面临刑事诉讼。
morally wrong 道德上错误的；不道德的
Word Originlate Middle English (as an adjective): from late Latin criminalis, from Latin crimen ‘judgement, offence’, crimin-, based on cernere ‘to judge’.
noun
criminal adj.
⇨ illegal (a criminal offence) ⇨ outrageous (a criminal waste) criminal criminal ♦︎ offender ♦︎ culprit ♦︎ sinner ♦︎ felon ♦︎ crook ♦︎ delinquent These are all words for a person who does sth that is wrong, dishonest or against the law. 这些词均表示犯错的人、罪犯、违法者。 PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配 ◆ a convicted / habitual criminal / offender / felon ◆ to catch a criminal / an offender / the culprit / a crook ◆ to identify / apprehend a criminal / an offender / a culprit ◆ to convict / sentence a criminal / an offender ◆ to punish criminals / offenders / the culprit / sinners / felons ■ criminal [countable ] a person who commits a crime 罪犯 ◆ Society does not know how to deal with hardened criminals (= people who regularly commit crimes and are not sorry for what they do) .社会不知道怎样处置惯犯。 ◆ I was treated just like a common criminal.我受到如同普通罪犯一般的对待。 ◆ (BrE Sending these youngsters to prison simply trains them to become professional criminals.把这些年轻人送进监狱简直是培训他们成为职业罪犯。 ◆ (NAmE career criminals职业罪犯 ■ offender [countable ] (formal ) a person who commits a crime; a person or thing that does sth wrong 犯罪者；违法者；祸害 ◆ He spent some time in a young offender institution.他在青少年罪犯管教所待了一些时间。 ◆ First offenders (= people who had never committed a crime before this one) were treated more leniently.以前对待初犯者较为宽大。 ◆ He favours tougher punishments for repeat offenders (= people who commit the same crime more than once) .他赞成对累犯者处以更严厉的惩罚。 ◆ Child protection groups are calling for a national register of sex offenders (= people found guilty of illegal sexual acts) .儿童保护团体要求在全国范围内对性犯罪者做登记。 ◆ When it comes to pollution, the chemical industry is a major offender.谈到环境污染问题，化工产业是一大祸害。 NOTE 辨析 Criminal suggests that not only has sb committed a crime, but that they have a tendency to commit crimes. Offender simply means that sb has broken the law at least once. For example, a driver who has broken the speed limit is an offender , but you would not call them a criminal . Offender is the word that is preferred by people whose job involves dealing with people who break the law. * criminal指已经犯罪且有犯罪倾向的人。offender仅指至少违法一次的人。例如，超速的司机是offender，但不会称之为criminal。offender是与违法者打交道的人偏好使用的词。 ■ culprit ˈkʌlprɪt [countable ] a person who has done sth wrong or against the law; a person or thing responsible for causing a problem 犯错的人；罪犯；罪魁祸首 ◆ The police quickly identified the real culprits.警方很快查出了真正的罪犯。 ◆ The main culprit in the current crisis seems to be modern farming techniques.当前这场危机的罪魁祸首似乎是现代农业技术。 NOTE 辨析 Culprit is nearly always used after the , because it is used to talk about the person, people or thing responsible for a particular thing that has happened. The most common adjectives used for describing a culprit are biggest , main , major , prime , real and worst . Offender can also be used in this way, although it is a little more formal than culprit . * culprit几乎总是用于定冠词the之后，因其指的是对发生的特定事件负责的人或事物。最常用于描述culprit的形容词是biggest、main、major、prime、real和worst。offender亦可这样用，但是它比culprit稍为正式。 ■ sinner [countable ] (formal ) a person who has committed a sin or sins (= broken God's law) 罪人 ◆ God forgives all sinners who repent.上帝原谅所有忏悔的罪人。 ■ felon ˈfelən [countable ] (especially NAmE , law 法律 ) a person who has committed a felony (= a serious crime such as murder or rape) 重罪犯 ◆ The law requires convicted felons entering the state to register their address with the police.这项法律要求进入该州的已定罪重犯向警方登记住址。 ■ crook krʊk [countable ] (informal ) a dishonest person, especially one who steals money 骗子（尤指偷钱者） ◆ That salesman is a real crook.那个推销员真是个骗子。 ◆ The film portrays a world of small-time crooks , petty crime and drinking clubs.那部电影描绘的世界里有不高明的骗子、不严重的犯罪和饮酒俱乐部。 ■ delinquent dɪˈlɪŋkwənt [countable ] (formal ) a person, especially a young person, who shows a tendency to commit crime 有违法倾向者（尤指青少年） ◆ What can be done to help these juvenile deliquents turn away from crime?可以做点什么来帮助这些少年犯远离犯罪？
noun
rather
rather
criminal
Illegal or dishonest: illegal, unlawful, shady...
Relating to the law or laws, or the work of lawyers: antitrust, appellate, civil...
Morally bad or wrong: evil, wicked, gross...
Unfair: unfair, unjust, unequal...
General words for criminals: criminal, offender, underworld...
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