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IELTS BNC: 2063 COCA: 1953

criminal

noun
 
/ˈkrɪmɪnl/
/ˈkrɪmɪnl/
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  1. a person who commits a crime罪犯
    • a convicted criminal一名已决罪犯
    • Police sometimes put themselves in danger when arresting violent criminals.警察在逮捕暴力罪犯时有时会把自己置于危险之中。
    • Society does not know how to deal with hardened criminals (= people who regularly commit crimes and are not sorry for what they do).社会不知道怎样处置惯犯。
    • (especially North American English) a career criminal (= who earns their income through criminal activities)职业罪犯
    • He admits to being a petty criminal (= who commits crimes that are not very serious).他承认自己是个小罪犯。
    • white-collar criminals 白领罪犯
    • a gang of criminals一帮罪犯
    see also war criminal
    Collocations CrimeCrime犯罪Committing a crime犯罪
    • commit a crime/​a murder/​a violent assault/​a brutal killing/​an armed robbery/​fraud犯罪／谋杀罪／暴力侵犯他人身体罪／残杀罪／持械抢劫罪／诈骗罪
    • be involved in terrorism/​a suspected arson attack/​people smuggling/​human trafficking参与恐怖主义活动；涉嫌纵火袭击；参与人口走私／人口贩卖
    • engage/​participate in criminal activity/​illegal practices/​acts of mindless vandalism参与犯罪活动／非法活动／愚昧的故意毁坏他人财产的行为
    • steal somebody’s wallet/​purse/(British English) mobile phone/(North American English) cell phone偷某人的钱包／手机
    • rob a bank/​a person/​a tourist抢劫银行／他人／游客
    • break into/ (British English) burgle/ (North American English) burglarize a house/​a home/​an apartment入室盗窃
    • hijack a plane/​ship/​bus劫持飞机／轮船／公共汽车
    • smuggle drugs/​weapons/​arms/​immigrants走私毒品／武器／军火；偷运移民
    • launder drug money (through something)（通过…）洗毒资
    • forge documents/​certificates/​passports伪造文件／证件／护照
    • take/​accept/​pay somebody/​offer (somebody) a bribe索取／收受贿赂；向（某人）行贿
    • run a phishing/​an email/​an internet scam进行网络钓鱼／电子邮件／互联网诈骗
    Fighting crime打击犯罪
    • combat/​fight crime/​terrorism/​corruption/​drug trafficking打击犯罪／恐怖主义／腐败／贩毒
    • prevent/​stop credit-card fraud/​child abuse/​software piracy防止／阻止信用卡诈骗／虐待儿童／软件盗版
    • deter/​stop criminals/​burglars/​thieves/​shoplifters/​vandals威慑／阻止犯罪分子／入室盗窃者／小偷／商店扒手／故意破坏公物者
    • reduce/​tackle/​crack down on knife/​gun/​violent/​street crime; (especially British English) antisocial behaviour减少／处理／严厉打击持刀／持枪／暴力／街头犯罪／反社会行为
    • foil a bank raid/​a terrorist plot挫败一起银行抢劫案／一次恐怖分子的阴谋
    • help/​support/​protect the victims of crime帮助／支持／保护犯罪活动的受害者
    Investigating crime调查犯罪活动
    • report a crime/​a theft/​a rape/​an attack/(especially British English) an incident to the police向警方举报不法行为／偷窃案／强奸案／袭击事件／暴力事件
    • witness the crime/​attack/​murder/​incident目击犯罪／袭击／谋杀／暴力事件
    • investigate a murder/(especially North American English) a homicide/​a burglary/​a robbery/​the alleged incident调查谋杀案／蓄意杀人案／入室盗窃案／抢劫案／涉嫌的暴力事件
    • conduct/​launch/​pursue an investigation (into…); (especially British English) a police/​murder inquiry进行／开始／继续（对…的）调查／警方调查／谋杀案调查
    • investigate/​reopen a criminal/​murder case调查／重新审理犯罪／谋杀案件
    • examine/​investigate/​find fingerprints at the crime scene/​the scene of crime仔细检查／调查／查找犯罪现场的指纹
    • collect/​gather forensic evidence收集法医证据
    • uncover new evidence/​a fraud/​a scam/​a plot/​a conspiracy/​political corruption/​a cache of weapons发现新证据／诈骗／欺诈／密谋／阴谋／政治腐败／私藏武器
    • describe/​identify a suspect/​the culprit/​the perpetrator/​the assailant/​the attacker描述／指认嫌疑犯／罪犯／作恶者／攻击者／袭击者
    • question/​interrogate a suspect/​witness询问嫌疑人／目击证人
    • solve/​crack the case破案
    Extra Examples
    • He has been associating with known criminals.他一直和一些尽人皆知的罪犯有来往。
    • I told him to pass the information to the police so they could catch the criminals.我告诉他把情报传给警方以便他们能抓住罪犯。
    • She was treated like a common criminal.她被当成普通刑事犯对待。
    • Sending these youngsters to prison simply trains them to become professional criminals.把这些年轻人送进监狱简直是培训他们成为职业罪犯。
    • serial killers and other kinds of violent criminals连环杀手和其他种类的暴力罪犯
    Topics Crime and punishmenta2
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective
    • dangerous
    • violent
    • real
    • …
    verb + criminal
    • catch
    • convict
    • prosecute
    • …
    See full entry

criminal

adjective
 
/ˈkrɪmɪnl/
/ˈkrɪmɪnl/
jump to other results
  1.  
     [usually before noun] (rather formal or law法律) connected with or involving crime犯罪的；犯法的；涉及犯罪的
    • criminal offences/activities刑事犯罪/活动
    • a criminal act punishable by up to five years in jail 可处以最高五年监禁的犯罪行为
    • They were charged with criminal damage (= the crime of damaging somebody's property deliberately).他们被指控犯有刑事毁坏罪。
    • She has been cleared of criminal negligence (= the illegal act of somebody failing to do something that they should do, with the result that somebody else is harmed).她已被证明没有过失犯罪。
    Extra Examples
    • It should be a criminal offence to inflict cruelty on any wild animal.虐待任何野生动物都应属犯罪。
    Topics Crime and punishmentb1
  2.  
     [only before noun] connected to the laws that deal with crime刑法的；刑事的
    • the criminal justice system刑事审判制度
    • to bring criminal charges against somebody对某人提起刑事诉讼
    • a criminal lawyer/court/trial刑事律师/法庭/审判
    • a criminal investigation罪案侦查
    • a criminal prosecution/conviction刑事起诉/定罪
    • a criminal case刑事案件
    • The former minister could face criminal proceedings over his involvement in the deal.这位前部长可能因参与该交易而面临刑事诉讼。
    compare civilTopics Law and justiceb1
  3. morally wrong道德上错误的；不道德的
    • This is a criminal waste of resources.这是一种浪费资源的可耻行为。
    Topics Personal qualitiesb1
    4. Word Originlate Middle English (as an adjective): from late Latin criminalis, from Latin crimen ‘judgement, offence’, crimin-, based on cernere ‘to judge’.
IELTS BNC: 2063 COCA: 1953
criminal

noun

ADJECTIVE | VERB + CRIMINAL ADJECTIVE➤dangerous, violent危險／暴力罪犯▸➤real, serious真正的罪犯；重罪犯▸➤habitual, hardened慣犯▸➤career, professional職業罪犯▸➤master主犯▸➤petty, street輕罪犯；街頭犯罪者▸➤convicted已決犯▸➤known, suspected, wanted已知的罪犯；嫌疑犯；通緝犯◇He has been associating with known criminals.他一直和一些盡人皆知的罪犯有來往。➤potential潛在的犯罪人▸➤notorious臭名昭着的罪犯▸➤common普通刑事犯◇She was treated like a common criminal.她被當成普通刑事犯對待。➤corporate, white-collar法人犯罪人；白領罪犯▸➤war戰犯◇He was tried as a war criminal.他被當作戰犯受審。VERB + CRIMINAL➤catch抓獲罪犯◇I told him to pass the information to the police so they could catch the criminals.我告訴他把情報傳給警方以便他們能抓住罪犯。➤convict, prosecute宣判罪犯有罪；對罪犯提起公訴
IELTS BNC: 2063 COCA: 1953
criminal adj.
⇨ illegal (a criminal offence) ⇨ outrageous (a criminal waste) criminal

noun

criminal ♦︎ offender ♦︎ culprit ♦︎ sinner ♦︎ felon ♦︎ crook ♦︎ delinquentThese are all words for a person who does sth that is wrong, dishonest or against the law. 这些词均表示犯错的人、罪犯、违法者。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a convicted / habitual criminal / offender / felon◆to catch a criminal / an offender / the culprit / a crook◆to identify / apprehend a criminal / an offender / a culprit◆to convict / sentence a criminal / an offender◆to punish criminals / offenders / the culprit / sinners / felons■ criminal [countable] a person who commits a crime 罪犯◆Society does not know how to deal with hardened criminals (= people who regularly commit crimes and are not sorry for what they do).社会不知道怎样处置惯犯。◆I was treated just like a common criminal.我受到如同普通罪犯一般的对待。◆ (BrE) Sending these youngsters to prison simply trains them to become professional criminals.把这些年轻人送进监狱简直是培训他们成为职业罪犯。◆ (NAmE) career criminals职业罪犯■ offender [countable] (rather formal) a person who commits a crime; a person or thing that does sth wrong 犯罪者；违法者；祸害◆He spent some time in a young offender institution.他在青少年罪犯管教所待了一些时间。◆First offenders (= people who had never committed a crime before this one) were treated more leniently.以前对待初犯者较为宽大。◆He favours tougher punishments for repeat offenders (= people who commit the same crime more than once).他赞成对累犯者处以更严厉的惩罚。◆Child protection groups are calling for a national register of sex offenders (= people found guilty of illegal sexual acts).儿童保护团体要求在全国范围内对性犯罪者做登记。◆When it comes to pollution, the chemical industry is a major offender.谈到环境污染问题，化工产业是一大祸害。NOTE 辨析 Criminal or offender? Criminal suggests that not only has sb committed a crime, but that they have a tendency to commit crimes. Offender simply means that sb has broken the law at least once. For example, a driver who has broken the speed limit is an offender, but you would not call them a criminal. Offender is the word that is preferred by people whose job involves dealing with people who break the law. * criminal指已经犯罪且有犯罪倾向的人。offender仅指至少违法一次的人。例如，超速的司机是offender，但不会称之为criminal。offender是与违法者打交道的人偏好使用的词。■ culprit ˈkʌlprɪt [countable] a person who has done sth wrong or against the law; a person or thing responsible for causing a problem 犯错的人；罪犯；罪魁祸首◆The police quickly identified the real culprits.警方很快查出了真正的罪犯。◆The main culprit in the current crisis seems to be modern farming techniques.当前这场危机的罪魁祸首似乎是现代农业技术。NOTE 辨析 offender or culprit? Culprit is nearly always used after the, because it is used to talk about the person, people or thing responsible for a particular thing that has happened. The most common adjectives used for describing a culprit are biggest, main, major, prime, real and worst. Offender can also be used in this way, although it is a little more formal than culprit. * culprit几乎总是用于定冠词the之后，因其指的是对发生的特定事件负责的人或事物。最常用于描述culprit的形容词是biggest、main、major、prime、real和worst。offender亦可这样用，但是它比culprit稍为正式。■ sinner [countable] (formal) a person who has committed a sin or sins (= broken God's law) 罪人◆God forgives all sinners who repent.上帝原谅所有忏悔的罪人。■ felon ˈfelən [countable] (especially NAmE, law 法律) a person who has committed a felony (= a serious crime such as murder or rape) 重罪犯◆The law requires convicted felons entering the state to register their address with the police.这项法律要求进入该州的已定罪重犯向警方登记住址。■ crook krʊk [countable] (informal) a dishonest person, especially one who steals money 骗子（尤指偷钱者）◆That salesman is a real crook.那个推销员真是个骗子。◆The film portrays a world of small-time crooks, petty crime and drinking clubs.那部电影描绘的世界里有不高明的骗子、不严重的犯罪和饮酒俱乐部。■ delinquent dɪˈlɪŋkwənt [countable] (rather formal) a person, especially a young person, who shows a tendency to commit crime 有违法倾向者（尤指青少年）◆What can be done to help these juvenile deliquents turn away from crime?可以做点什么来帮助这些少年犯远离犯罪？
IELTS BNC: 2063 COCA: 1953
criminal
Illegal or dishonest: illegal, unlawful, shady...
Relating to the law or laws, or the work of lawyers: antitrust, appellate, civil...
Morally bad or wrong: evil, wicked, gross...
Unfair: unfair, unjust, unequal...
General words for criminals: criminal, offender, underworld...

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