farm ♦︎ ranch ♦︎ plantation ♦︎ orchard ♦︎ vineyard ♦︎ grove ♦︎ homesteadThese words all mean an area of land that is used for growing crops or keeping animals.这些词均指农场、牧场、种植园。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆on a farm / ranch / plantation / vineyard / homestead◆at a farm / ranch / plantation / vineyard◆in a plantation / an orchard / a vineyard / a grove◆a 5-hectare, 100-acre, etc. farm / ranch / plantation / orchard / vineyard◆a cattle / sheep farm / ranch◆a fruit farm / plantation / orchard■farm [countable] an area of land, and the buildings on it, used for growing crops and/or keeping animals; the main house on a farm, where the farmer lives农场;农舍◆It's a dairy farm producing speciality cheeses.这是个生产特色奶酪的乳牛场。◆Many farm workers face low wages and poor working conditions.很多农场工人收入低,工作条件差。ⓘ Farm is also used in compounds to mean a place where particular fish or animals are bred. * farm亦用于构成复合词,指养殖场、饲养场◆a fish / trout / mink / pig farm养鱼场;鳟鱼养殖场;水貂饲养场;养猪场■ranchrɑːntʃ; NAmEræntʃ [countable] a large farm, especially in North America or Australia, where large animals such as cows, horses or sheep are bred(尤指北美或澳大利亚的)牧场,大农场◆She grew up on a cattle ranch in Wyoming.她在怀俄明州的牧牛场长大。◆We hired three new ranch hands(= the people who work on a ranch).我们新雇用了三名牧场工人。■plantationplɑːnˈteɪʃn; NAmEplænˈteɪʃn [countable] a large area of land, especially in a hot country, where crops such as coffee, sugar and rubber are grown种植园,种植场(尤指热带国家种植咖啡、甘蔗、橡胶等的大庄园)◆a banana / coffee plantation香蕉/咖啡种植园■orchardˈɔːtʃəd; NAmEˈɔːrtʃərd [countable] a piece of land, normally enclosed, in which fruit trees are grown果园◆an apple / a cherry orchard.苹果园;樱桃园■vineyardˈvɪnjəd; NAmEˈvɪnjərd [countable] a piece of land where grapes are grown in order to produce wine(为酿酒而种植的)葡萄园◆Dutch settlers planted the first vineyard when they arrived in 1652.荷兰移民1652年抵达后种植了第一个葡萄园。■grovegrəʊv; NAmEgroʊv [countable] a small area of land with fruit trees of a particular type on it(小片)果树林,果园◆olive / lemon groves橄榄园;柠檬园NOTE辨析 Orchard or grove?An orchard is usually enclosed and is usually for growing fruit such as apples, pears, plums and cherries that grow well in cooler countries; groves are usually open and are usually for growing fruit such as olives, oranges and lemons that grow well in warmer countries. * orchard通常是封闭的,种植的通常是适宜在凉爽地区生长的苹果、梨、李子、樱桃等水果;grove通常是没有围栏的,种植的通常是适宜在温暖地区生长的橄榄、橙子、柠檬等水果。■homesteadˈhəʊmsted; NAmEˈhoʊmsted [countable] (especially NAmE) a house where a family lives and the land and buildings around it, especially a small farm; (in the US in the past) a piece of land given to sb by the government on condition that they lived on it and grew crops on it(包括周围土地和附属房屋的)家宅;(尤指)农庄;宅地(美国旧时由国家分给个人居住并开垦的土地)◆What began as a small family homestead is now a 5 000-acre ranch.起初的家庭小农庄现在已发展成5 000英亩的大牧场。farm
verb
farm ♦︎ grow ♦︎ plough ♦︎ cultivate ♦︎ plant ♦︎ workThese words all mean to use or prepare ground for growing crops.这些词均表示耕种、种田、务农。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to farm / plough / cultivate / plant / work the land◆to grow / cultivate / plant crops◆to plough / plant / work a field◆to be organically / intensively farmed / grown / cultivated■farm [intransitive, transitive] to use land for growing crops and/or keeping animals务农;从事畜牧业;耕种;饲养◆The family has farmed in Kent for over two hundred years.这个家族在肯特务农两百多年了。◆They farm dairy cattle.他们饲养奶牛。◆He farmed 200 acres of prime arable land.他耕种了200英亩良田。▸farming
noun
[uncountable] ◆sheep / dairy / organic farming牧羊;养奶牛;有机耕作■grow(grew, grown) [transitive] to put seeds or plants in the ground and take care of them, usually in order to use or sell the plants later栽培;种植◆I didn't know they grew rice in Spain.我以前不知道西班牙也种稻子。◆I grew all these flowers from one packet of seeds.这些花全都是我用一包种子种出来的。■plough (BrE) (NAmEplow) plaʊ [transitive, intransitive] to turn over and break up the ground in a field or other area of land by using a plough(= a large piece of farming equipment), especially in order to prepare the ground for growing crops犁(田);耕(地);翻(土)◆The land was divided into large ploughed fields.这片地被分割成几大块犁过的田。■cultivate ˈkʌltɪveɪt [transitive] (formalorwritten) to prepare and use land for growing plants or crops; to grow plants or crops耕;耕作;种植◆The land around here has never been cultivated.这一带的土地从未开垦过。◆The people cultivate mainly rice and beans.人们主要种植稻子和豆类。▸cultivation
noun
[uncountable] ◆fertile land that is under cultivation肥沃的耕地◆rice cultivation水稻种植■plant [transitive] to cover an area of land such as a garden or field with plants(在某处)栽种◆The field had been ploughed and planted with corn.这块地已犁过并种上了玉米。■work [transitive] to do the hard physical work that is needed to grow crops on an area of land(人工)耕种;干农活◆Boys who didn't go to school worked the land with their fathers.不上学的男孩跟父亲一起种田。