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BNC: 5597 COCA: 2737

dirt

noun
/dɜːt/
/dɜːrt/
[uncountable]Idioms
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  1. any substance that makes something dirty, for example dust, soil or mud污物;尘土;烂泥
    • His clothes were covered in dirt.他的衣服沾满了污垢。
    • First remove any grease or dirt from the surface.先把表面的油污或尘土去掉。
    • The problem with white is that it soon shows the dirt.白色的缺点是容易显脏。
    Extra Examples
    • Clean your face with soap to remove accumulated dirt and oil.用肥皂洗掉你脸上的积土和油污。
    • Dirt had accumulated in the corners of the windows.窗角积上了灰尘。
    • He had streaks of dirt all over his face.他满脸都是一道道的脏痕。
    • He rubbed the dirt from his face.他擦去脸上的灰尘。
    • He swept the dirt out onto the porch.他把灰尘扫到门口。
    • I tried to rub off a dirt stain on my sleeve.我试图把袖子上的泥点子擦掉。
    • Massage your scalp to loosen any dirt.按摩你的头皮去除污垢。
    • She brushed the loose dirt off her coat.她拂去了外套上的浮土。
    • Sunlight steamed through the dirt particles in the air.阳光透射过空气中的灰尘微粒。
    • The white rug really shows the dirt.白地毯非常显脏。
    • This material does not attract much dirt.这种材料不太吸灰。
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective
    • excess
    • loose
    • ingrained
    … of dirt
    • speck
    • streak
    • layer
    verb + dirt
    • be covered in
    • be covered with
    • brush off
    dirt + verb
    • accumulate
    • cover
    dirt + noun
    • fleck
    • particle
    • speck
    See full entry
  2. (especially North American English) loose earth or soil松土;泥土;散土
    • He picked up a handful of dirt and threw it at them.他抓起一把土朝他们扔过去。
    • Pack the dirt firmly round the plants.将植物周围的土培实。
    • They lived in a shack with a dirt floor.他们住在土地板的棚屋里。
    • I slammed the shovel into the dirt and started to dig. 我把铲子用力扔进泥土里,开始挖掘。
    Synonyms soilsoil
    • mud
    • dust
    • clay
    • land
    • earth
    • dirt
    • ground
    These are all words for the top layer of the earth in which plants grow.
    • soil the top layer of the earth in which plants grow:
      • Plant the seedlings in damp soil.把幼苗种在湿润的土壤里。
    • mud wet soil that is soft and sticky:
      • The car wheels got stuck in the mud.汽车轮子陷到泥里去了。
    • dust a fine powder that consists of very small pieces of rock, earth, etc:
      • A cloud of dust rose as the truck set off.卡车起动时扬起一片灰尘。
    • clay a type of heavy sticky soil that becomes hard when it is baked and is used to make things such as pots and bricks:
      • The tiles are made of clay.这些砖是用陶土制成的。
    • land an area of ground, especially of a particular type:
      • an area of rich, fertile land土地富饶肥沃的地域
    • earth the substance that plants grow in 指土、泥、泥土Earth is often used about the soil found in gardens or used for gardening: She put some earth into the pot.
    • dirt (especially North American English) soil, especially loose soil:指泥土,尤指松土、散土:
      • Pack the dirt firmly around the plants.将植物周围的土培实。
    • ground an area of soil:
      • The car got stuck in the muddy ground.汽车陷到泥地里了。
      • They drove across miles of rough, stony ground.他们驶过数英里崎岖不平、多石的土地。
      Ground is not used for loose soil: a handful of dry ground
    Patterns
    • good/​rich soil/​land/​earth
    • fertile/​infertile soil/​land/​ground
    • to dig the soil/​mud/​clay/​land/​earth/​ground
    • to cultivate the soil/​land/​ground
    Extra Examples
    • He grew up on a dirt farm in upstate New York.他在纽约北部的小农场长大。
    • He landed hard on the packed dirt.他重重地落在紧实的土上。
    • He picked himself up off the cold dirt.他从冰冷的土上爬起来。
    • Her fingernails raked the soft dirt beneath her.她用指甲扒她身下的软土。
    • Rose picked the ball up off the infield dirt.罗斯从内场里捡起球。
    • She filled the hole with loose dirt.她用虚土填满了洞。
    • The blow knocked him against the dirt wall.这一击把他撞向了土墙。
    • The front lawn has patches of bare dirt.前面的草坪露出一块块土。
    • The men started to shovel dirt into the open grave.这些人开始往敞开的坟墓里铲土。
    • They threw dirt into my face.他朝我的脸上扬土。
    • They throw sticks and dirt clods up into the air.他们把木棍和土块扔向空中。
    • a couple of inches of fill dirt几英寸填土
    • a floor of dry dirt干土地面
    • children playing in the dirt在泥地上玩耍的孩子们
    • the Palermo dirt course巴勒莫泥土赛道
    • the dirt yard in front of the barn谷仓前的土院子
    • the mounds of fresh dirt over all the graves所有坟墓上的新鲜封土
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective
    • excess
    • loose
    • soft
    … of dirt
    • layer
    verb + dirt
    • be covered in
    • be covered with
    • dig
    dirt + noun
    • course
    • driveway
    • lane
    preposition
    • in the dirt
    See full entry
  3. (informal) unpleasant or harmful information about somebody that could be used to damage their reputation, career, etc.丑闻;流言蜚语
    • Do you have any dirt on the new guy?你知道新来的那个人的丑闻吗?
    Extra Examples
    • He could dig up so much dirt on her.他能挖出她的许多丑闻。
    • We need to get some dirt on her.我们得给她搞点儿丑闻。
    • He'd been trying to dig up some dirt on his political rival.他一直在努力挖出政敌的丑闻。
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryverb + dirt
    • have
    • get
    • dig
    preposition
    • dirt  on
    phrases
    • dish the dirt
    See full entry
  4. (informal) solid waste matter from the body 意外地拉屎synonym excrement
    • dog dirt狗屎
  5. Word OriginMiddle English: from Old Norse drit ‘excrement’, an early sense in English.
Idioms
dig the dirt | dig up dirt (on somebody)
  1. to discover and reveal information about somebody that could damage them丑闻;流言蜚语
    • They hired private investigators to dig up dirt on their political opponents.他们雇佣私人调查员来挖掘他们政治对手的丑闻。
    • She has come to dig the dirt on her old rival.她来揭发她的老对手。
dish the dirt (on somebody)
  1. (informal) to tell people unkind or unpleasant things about somebody, especially about their private life说(某人)的闲话;揭(某人)的短
    • She loves to dish the dirt on her sisters.她喜欢诽谤她的姐妹。
drag somebody through the 'mud'dirt | drag somebody's name through the 'mud/'dirt
  1. (informal) to criticize or say bad things about somebody in public, in a way that is unfair说(某人)的闲话;揭(某人)的短
    • The paper has dragged his name through the mud.报纸把他的名字拖进了泥沼。
    • They feel their agency has been dragged through the mud by the press.他们觉得他们的机构被新闻界拖进了泥沼。
    • Football's good name is being dragged through the dirt.足球的好名声正在被玷污。
eat dirt
  1. (informal) to accept bad treatment and being made to feel small or stupid污垢:接受不好的对待并感到小小的或愚蠢的
    • Her mother ate dirt in poorly-paid jobs just so the family could stay in the country.她母亲靠低薪工作为生,这样一家人就可以留在乡下。
treat somebody like dirt
  1. (informal) to treat somebody with no respect at all视某人如粪土;把…视为草芥;蔑视
    • They treat their workers like dirt.他们把工人看得粪土不如。
BNC: 5597 COCA: 2737
dirt

noun¹

1substance that makes sth dirty污物ADJECTIVE | ... OF DIRT | VERB + DIRT | DIRT + VERB | DIRT + NOUN ADJECTIVEexcess, loose浮土She brushed the loose dirt off her coat.她拂去了外套上的浮土。ingrained積垢dog (BrE) 狗屎accumulated積累的污垢Clean your face with soap to remove accumulated dirt and oil.用肥皂洗掉你臉上的積土和油污。... OF DIRTspeck一點污跡streak一道髒痕He had streaks of dirt all over his face.他滿臉都是一道道的髒痕。layer一層污垢VERB + DIRTbe covered in, be covered with被污垢覆蓋His shoes were covered in dirt.他的鞋上滿是灰塵。brush off, clean off, dust off, remove, rub, rub off, scrape, scrub off, shake, wash off, wipe刷去灰塵;清除污垢;撣去塵土;擦掉污物;拭去污垢;抖掉污物;洗去污漬;抹去污垢He rubbed the dirt off his face. (BrE) 他擦掉臉上的灰塵。He rubbed the dirt from his face. (NAmE) 他擦去臉上的灰塵。sweep清掃灰塵He swept the dirt out onto the porch.他把灰塵掃到門口。show顯髒The white rug really shows the dirt.白地毯非常顯髒。attract (especially NAmE) 吸附灰塵This material does not attract much dirt.這種材料不太吸灰。loosen (especially NAmE) 清除污垢Massage your scalp to loosen any dirt.按摩你的頭皮去除污垢。DIRT + VERBaccumulate灰塵聚積Dirt had accumulated in the corners of the windows.窗角積上了灰塵。cover灰塵覆蓋Blood and dirt covered his face.他的臉上滿是血跡和灰塵。DIRT + NOUNfleck, particle, speck污點;灰塵微粒Sunlight steamed through the dirt particles in the air.陽光透射過空氣中的灰塵微粒。
dirt

noun²

2 (NAmE) soil/mud泥土ADJECTIVE | ... OF DIRT | VERB + DIRT | DIRT + NOUN | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVEexcess, loose多餘的土;鬆散的土She filled the hole with loose dirt.她用虛土填滿了洞。soft軟土Her fingernails raked the soft dirt beneath her.她用指甲扒她身下的軟土。dry, wet乾土;濕土a floor of dry dirt乾土地面hard-packed, packed壓緊的土He landed hard on the packed dirt.他重重地落在緊實的土上。bare (NAmE) 裸土The front lawn has patches of bare dirt.前面的草坪露出一塊塊土。cold冰涼的土He picked himself up off the cold dirt.他從冰冷的土上爬起來。fill填土a couple of inches of fill dirt幾英寸填土infield (NAmE) 內場Rose picked the ball up off the infield dirt.羅斯從內場裏撿起球。ingrained積土fresh新鮮的泥土the mounds of fresh dirt over all the graves所有墳墓上的新鮮封土... OF DIRTlayer土層VERB + DIRTbe covered in, be covered with被塵土覆蓋His shoes were covered in dirt.他的鞋上滿是塵土。dig, move, shovel挖土;挪土;鏟土The men started to shovel dirt into the open grave.這些人開始往敞開的墳墓裏鏟土。throw揚土They threw dirt into my face.他朝我的臉上揚土。DIRT + NOUNcourse, driveway, lane, path, road, street, strip, track, trail泥土賽道;泥土車道;土路;泥土街道;泥土小路the Palermo dirt course巴勒莫泥土賽道floor, ground泥土地面wall土牆The blow knocked him against the dirt wall.這一擊把他撞向了土牆。lot, parking lot, yard泥土地塊;泥地停車場;土院子the dirt yard in front of the barn穀倉前的土院子farmer田農farm小農場He grew up on a dirt farm in upstate New York.他在紐約北部的小農場長大。clod, clump土塊They throw sticks and dirt clods up into the air.他們把木棍和土塊扔向空中。mound, pile土堆smudge, stain泥土污漬I tried to rub off a dirt stain on my sleeve.我試圖把袖子上的泥點子擦掉。PREPOSITIONin the dirt在泥地上children playing in the dirt在泥地上玩耍的孩子們
dirt

noun³

3harmful/unpleasant information about sb流言蜚語VERB + DIRT | PREPOSITION | PHRASES VERB + DIRThave知道流言蜚語get (especially NAmE) 得到醜聞We need to get some dirt on her.我們得給她搞點兒醜聞。dig, dig up挖掘醜聞He could dig up so much dirt on her.他能挖出她的許多醜聞。PREPOSITIONdirt on關於⋯的醜聞Do you have any dirt on the new guy?你知道什麼關於這個新來的傢伙的醜聞嗎 ?PHRASESdish the dirt揭人的短She just loves to dish the dirt (= tell people unkind / unpleasant things about sb).她專愛說別人的壞話。
BNC: 5597 COCA: 2737
dirt noun
dirt (covered in dirt) report4 (dish the dirt) soil (a dirt track)
dirt

noun

dirt ♦︎ dust ♦︎ pollution ♦︎ soot ♦︎ grimeThese are all words for substances that make sth dirty. 这些词均表示污物、脏污。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配to be covered in / with dirt / dust / soot / grimeto be streaked with dirt / sootto remove dirt / dust / soot / grimeto wash the dirt / dust / grime off / from sthto clean the dirt / dust off / from sthto brush the dirt / dust off / from stha layer of dirt / dust / grimea speck of dirt / dust dirt [uncountable] any substance that makes sth dirty, for example soil or mud 污物;尘土;烂泥First remove any dirt from the surface.首先清除表面的污垢。The problem with white is that it soon shows the dirt.白色的缺点是容易显脏。 dust [uncountable] the fine powder of dirt that forms in buildings, on furniture, floors and other surfaces (室内各种表面积聚的)灰尘,尘埃There wasn't a speck of dust anywhere.到处都一尘不染。She is allergic to house dust.她对房子里的灰尘过敏。 pollution pəˈluːʃn [uncountable] any substance that makes air, water, soil or other natural things dirty (破坏自然环境的)污染物The new buses emit no more pollution than the average car.新型公共汽车的污染物排放量跟普通汽车一样少。Pollution on British beaches is a serious problem.英国海滩上的秽物垃圾是个严重问题。 pollute

verb

[transitive] the exhaust fumes that are polluting our cities污染我们城市的废气
soot sʊt [uncountable] black powder that is produced when sth such as wood or coal is burnt 煤烟子;油烟The fireplace was blackened with soot.壁炉被煤烟子弄黑了。 grime [uncountable] dirt that forms a layer on the surface of sth 一层污垢;积垢The window sills were covered in dust and grime.窗台上积满了灰尘和污垢。
BNC: 5597 COCA: 2737
dirt
Dirt: dirt, dust, grime...
Soil and earth: alluvium, clay, clod...
Damage to someone's reputation: injury, discredit, smear...
Secrets and secretiveness: secret, confidentiality, stealth...

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