- (especially British English)
things that you throw away because you no longer want or need them 垃圾；废弃物 a rubbish bag/bin 垃圾袋；垃圾桶 a rubbish dump/heap/tip 垃圾场；垃圾堆；垃圾倾倒处 The streets were littered with rubbish. 街上到处都是垃圾。 garden/household rubbish 花园／生活垃圾 The rubbish is collected on Tuesdays. 每周二收垃圾。 Weeks have gone by without a rubbish collection, and the stench is terrible. 几个星期过去了，没有垃圾收集，臭气熏天。 He is supporting a campaign to encourage people to recycle their rubbish. 他正在支持一项鼓励人们回收垃圾的运动。
British/American rubbish / garbage / trash / refuserubbish / garbage / trash / refuse- Rubbish is the usual word in British English for the things that you throw away because you no longer want or need them. Garbage and trash are both used in North American English. Inside the home, garbage tends to mean waste food and other wet material, while trash is paper, card and dry material.
- In British English, you put your rubbish in a dustbin in the street to be collected by the dustmen. In North American English, your garbage and trash goes in a garbage can/trashcan in the street and is collected by garbage men/collectors.
- Refuse is a formal word and is used in both British English and North American English. Refuse collector is the formal word for a dustman or garbage collector.
Collocations The environmentsee also garbage, trashThe environment 环境 Environmental damage 环境破坏 - cause/contribute to climate change/global warming
引起气候变化／全球变暖 - produce pollution/CO2/greenhouse (gas) emissions
产生污染／二氧化碳／温室气体排放 - damage/destroy the environment/a marine ecosystem/the ozone layer/coral reefs
破坏环境／海洋生态系统／臭氧层／珊瑚礁 - degrade ecosystems/habitats/the environment
使生态系统／栖息地／环境退化 - harm the environment/wildlife/marine life
危害环境／野生动物／海洋生物 - threaten natural habitats/coastal ecosystems/a species with extinction
构成对自然栖息地／沿海生态系统／物种灭绝的威胁 - deplete natural resources/the ozone layer
大量损耗自然资源／臭氧层 - pollute rivers and lakes/waterways/the air/the atmosphere/the environment/oceans
污染河流湖泊／航道／空气／大气层／环境／海洋 - contaminate groundwater/the soil/food/crops
污染地下水／土壤／食物／庄稼 - log forests/rainforests/trees
采伐森林／热带雨林／树木
Protecting the environment 保护环境 - address/combat/tackle the threat/effects/impact of climate change
设法解决／防止／应对气候变化带来的威胁／影响／冲击 - fight/take action on/reduce/stop global warming
对抗／采取行动应对／减缓／阻止全球变暖 - limit/curb/control air/water/atmospheric/environmental pollution
控制空气／水／大气／环境污染 - cut/reduce pollution/greenhouse gas emissions
减少污染／温室气体排放 - offset carbon/CO2 emissions
抵消碳／二氧化碳的排放 - reduce (the size of) your carbon footprint
减少碳足迹（量） - achieve/promote sustainable development
实现／促进可持续发展 - preserve/conserve biodiversity/natural resources
保持生物多样性；保护自然资源 - protect endangered species/a coastal ecosystem
保护濒危物种／沿海生态系统 - prevent/stop soil erosion/overfishing/massive deforestation/damage to ecosystems
防止／阻止水土流失／过度捕捞／大面积森林砍伐／对生态系统的破坏 - raise awareness of environmental issues
增强环境意识 - save the planet/the rainforests/an endangered species
拯救地球／热带雨林／濒危物种
Energy and resources 能源和资源 - conserve/save/consume/waste energy
保护／节约／消耗／浪费能源 - manage/exploit/be rich in natural resources
管理／开发／有丰富的自然资源 - dump/dispose of hazardous/toxic/nuclear waste
倾倒／处理有害／有毒／核废料 - dispose of/throw away litter/(especially British English) rubbish/(especially North American English) garbage/(North American English) trash/sewage
处理／扔掉垃圾／废物；排放污水 - use/be made from recycled/recyclable/biodegradable material
使用回收／可回收／可生物降解材料；由回收／可回收／可生物降解材料制成 - recycle bottles/packaging/paper/plastic/waste
回收瓶子／包装材料／纸／塑料／废品 - promote/encourage recycling/sustainable development/the use of renewable energy
促进／鼓励回收利用／可持续发展／使用可再生能源 - develop/invest in/promote renewable energy
研发／投资／推动可再生能源 - reduce your dependence/reliance on fossil fuels
减少对化石燃料的依赖 - get/obtain/generate/produce electricity from wind, solar and wave power/renewable sources
利用风、太阳能、潮汐／可再生能源发电 - build/develop a (50-megawatt/offshore) wind farm
修建一座（50 兆瓦／海上）风力发电站 - install/be fitted with/be powered by solar panels
安装太阳能板；由太阳能板提供动力
Extra ExamplesTopics The environmenta2He's clearing rubbish out of the attic. 他正在清除阁楼上的垃圾。 I forgot to put the rubbish out last night. 昨晚我忘记把垃圾拿出去了。 Someone had dumped their rubbish by the road. 有人把垃圾倒在了马路边上。 There was rubbish strewn around everywhere. 到处都是乱扔的垃圾。 Throw the rubbish in the bin. 把垃圾扔到垃圾箱里。 Over a third of British household rubbish is packaging. 英国人的生活垃圾超过三分之一来自于包装。 About three million tonnes of rubbish will be thrown away. 大约300万吨垃圾将被扔掉。
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective- domestic
- household
- garden
- …
- bag
- pile
- tons
- …
- put out
- collect
- remove
- …
- decay
- rot
- bag
- bin
- skip
- …
- (British English, informal)
(also used as an adjective 也用作形容词 something that you think is of poor quality 劣质的东西 I thought the play was rubbish! 我觉得这部戏很差！ The film was absolute/complete rubbish. 这部电影完全是垃圾。 Do we have to listen to this rubbish music? 我们一定要听这样差劲的音乐吗？ They said I was a rubbish boss. 他们说我是垃圾老板。
Extra ExamplesWe had some rubbish teachers at school. 我们学校有一些很差劲的教师。 I was told their new album's complete rubbish. 我听说他们的新专辑差劲透了。 The antique shop was just full of old rubbish. 这个古玩店里全是些陈旧的废物。 Many critics see the paintings as worthless rubbish. 许多批评家认为这些绘画一文不值。 Why are you eating such rubbish? 你为什么吃这些垃圾食品？
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective- absolute
- complete
- total
- …
- talk
- rubbish about
- a load of rubbish
- what rubbish!
- (British English, informal)
comments, ideas, etc. that you think are stupid or wrong 废话；瞎说 Rubbish! You're not fat. 瞎说！你并不胖。 You're talking a load of rubbish. 你说的是一大堆废话。 It's not rubbish—it's true! 这不是瞎说，是真的！ He described the claims as utter rubbish and nonsense. 他认为这些说法完全是胡说八道。
Extra ExamplesWhat he said was just a load of old rubbish. 他所说的不过是些老掉牙的无稽之谈。 the usual rubbish about his undiscovered talents 关于他未被发现的天赋的老一套废话 She's always talking rubbish. 她总是胡说八道。 That suggestion's absolute rubbish. 那个建议完全是垃圾。 Then we were told a lot of rubbish about ‘leadership’ and ‘bonding’. 接着有人对我们讲了一大堆有关“领导才能”和“情谊”的废话。
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective- absolute
- complete
- total
- …
- talk
- rubbish about
- a load of rubbish
- what rubbish!
Word Originlate Middle English: from Anglo-Norman French rubbous; perhaps related to Old French robe ‘spoils’; compare with rubble. The change in the ending was due to association with -ish. The verb (1950s) was originally Australian and New Zealand slang.