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IELTS BNC: 387 COCA: 431
class verb
classify
class noun
class1 (Which classes are you taking?) class2 (work hard in class) class3 (the youngest in the class) class4 (all classes of society) category (different classes of drugs/hotel) style (a touch of class)
class1

noun

Which classes are you taking? 你在上什么课?work hard in class 在课堂上用功学习the youngest in the class 班上年龄最小的人all classes of society 社会各阶层class ♦︎ course ♦︎ programme ♦︎ curriculum ♦︎ syllabusThese are all words for a series of subjects or skills that are taught or studied for the purposes of education or training. 这些词均表示课程。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配a / the course / programme / curriculum / syllabus for sb / sthin a / the class / course / programme / curriculum / syllabuson a / the course / programme / curriculum / syllabusa narrow / wide / broad curriculum / syllabusa core programme / curriculum / syllabusa day / evening class / course / programmea / an English / history / mathematics, etc. class / course / programme / curriculum / syllabusto design / plan a class / course / programme / curriculum / syllabusto follow / teach / offer a / the course / programme / curriculum / syllabusto run / take / do / enrol on / sign up for a class / course / programmeto complete a class / course / programme / syllabusa / the class / course / programme / curriculum / syllabus covers sth class [countable] ( classes [plural]) a series of lessons on a particular subject or in a particular skill (某科目或某种技能的系列)课程I'm taking a management class this semester.我这学期在上管理学课程。The college runs specialist language classes.这所学院开设有专门语言的课程。 (BrE) Are you still doing your French evening class?你还在上夜校学习法语吗? (NAmE) I'm taking night classes in art appreciation.我在夜校上艺术欣赏课程。 course [countable] (BrE or formal, NAmE) a series of classes or lectures on a particular subject (某学科的系列)课程She's taking a course in Art and Design.她在上一门美术与设计的课程。I've signed up for an evening course on media techniques.我报名参加了晚间的媒体技术课程。 (BrE) Over 50 students have enrolled on the course.超过50名学生登记学习这门课程。In American English this meaning of course is only used in formal or official language. 在美式英语中,course的这一义项仅用于正式或官方语言Registration for courses begins tomorrow.课程明天开始注册。In everyday conversation, use class. 在日常谈话中用classWhat classes did you register for?你报了什么课程?In British English course can be used in both formal, written English and everyday spoken English. In British English a course is also a period of study at a college or university that leads to an exam or qualification; in American English this is called a program. 在英式英语中,course 在正式的书面语和口语中均可使用。在英式英语中,course 还指大学开设须考试通过或完成可取得资格的课程,这在美式英语中称为programIt's a four-year course.这是一个四年制的课程。She had taught on a range of undergraduate courses.她教授过许多本科课程。 programme (BrE) ( program, especially in NAmE) [countable] a course of study or training, especially at a college or university (尤指学院或大学的学习或培训)课程Take a look at our new history and language programs.看一下我们新的历史和语言的课程吧。We especially encourage those from minorities to apply for our degree programs.我们尤其鼓励那些来自少数族裔的人申请我们的学位课程。We urge as many people as possible to enrol on our management training programme.我们鼓励尽可能多的人报读我们的管理培训课程。In American English, program is the usual word for a course or period of time studying in a college or university; in this context it is short for degree program. A degree program is made up of a number of classes or courses. It is also becoming more common for British universities to talk about their undergraduate programmes. 在美式英语中,表示学位课程常用program一词,此处它是degree program的简称,由若干课程组成。undergraduate programme在英国大学中也越来越常用。 curriculum kəˈrɪkjələm (plural curricula kəˈrɪkjələ or curriculums) [countable, usually singular] the subjects that are included in a course of study or taught in a school, college or university (学校的)全部课程,所有科目The school curriculum should be as broad as possible.学校的课程应当尽可能广泛。These subjects are not part of the core curriculum (= consisting of the most basic and important subjects).这些科目不是核心课程。 (BrE) They all have to study French because it's on the curriculum.依照课程要求,他们都必须学习法语。 (NAmE) Nutrition education is now in the curriculum.营养教育现已纳入课程内容。NOTE 辨析 On or in?Note that in British English it is usual to talk about students being on a course or programme or subjects being on the curriculum or syllabus; in American English students enrol in a program, and subjects are in the curriculum or syllabus. 在英式英语中,course、programme、curriculum或syllabus前面的介词用on;在美式英语中,program、curriculum 或syllabus前面的介词用in。 syllabus ˈsɪləbəs [countable, usually singular] (BrE) a list of the topics and books that students should study in a particular subject at school or college 教学大纲A group of experienced teachers were asked to design a new English syllabus.一组经验丰富的教师受命设计新的英语教学大纲。The courses do not follow any particular exam syllabus.这些课程不遵循任何具体的考试大纲。In American English a syllabus is a summary of the main points of course: a teacher might give a copy of the syllabus to the students on the first day of a class, so that they will know what they will be studying during the semester. 在美式英语中,syllabus指课程要点的汇总。老师可能会在上课第一天发给学生一份课程大纲,让学生了解该学期的学习内容。class2

noun

Which classes are you taking? 你在上什么课?work hard in class 在课堂上用功学习the youngest in the class 班上年龄最小的人all classes of society 社会各阶层class ♦︎ session ♦︎ lesson ♦︎ seminar ♦︎ workshop ♦︎ tutorial ♦︎ periodThese are all words for a period of time that is spent learning sth. 这些词均表示用来学习的一段时间、一节课。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配a class / session / lesson / seminar / workshop / tutorial on sthin / during a class / session / lesson / seminar / workshop / tutorial / periodat a class / session / lesson / seminar / workshop / tutorialto go to / attend a class / session / lesson / seminar / workshop / tutorialto miss a class / session / lesson / seminar / workshop / tutorial / periodto have a class / lesson / seminar / workshop / tutorialto give / conduct a class / session / lesson / seminar / workshop / tutorialto teach a class / session / lesson / seminarto hold / run a class / session / seminar / workshopa class / session / lesson / seminar / workshop / tutorial takes place class [countable, uncountable] an occasion when a group of students meet to be taught 课;上课I have an English class at 11.我11点钟有英语课。Please see me after class.请下课后来见我。She works hard in class (= during lessons).她上课很用功。 session [countable] a period of time that is spent doing a particular activity 一场;一节;一段时间a photo / recording / training session一段接受拍照的时间;一场录音;一堂训练课Your presentation will be part of the morning session.你将安排在上午的课里做简报。The programme is made up of 12 two-hour sessions.这门课总共12节,每节两小时。 lesson [countable] a period of time in which sb is taught sth 一节课;一课时New students get lessons in how to use the library.新生要上如何使用图书馆的课。piano / driving lessons钢琴课;驾驶课I've decided to take golf lessons.我决定上高尔夫球课。She made a living giving private lessons in English.她以做英语家教为生。 (especially BrE) What did we do last lesson?我们上节课学了什么内容?NOTE 辨析 Class or lesson?A class is always for a group of people being taught together; a lesson can be for a group of people or for just one person. * class总是一群人一起上课;lesson可以是为一群人或只为一个人授课。 seminar ˈsemɪnɑː(r) [countable] a class at a college or university when a group of students and a teacher discuss or study a particular topic; a meeting of people for training or discussion (大学里的)专题讨论课;培训会;研讨会Teaching is by lectures and seminars.教学形式为讲座和研讨课。a seminar room / group上讨论课的教室;讨论小组The company organizes management seminars.这家公司筹办管理研讨会。 workshop ˈwɜːkʃɒp; NAmE ˈwɜːrkʃɑːp [countable] a period of discussion and practical work on a particular subject, in which a group of people share ideas, knowledge or experience 研讨会;讲习班a drama / poetry workshop戏剧研讨班;诗歌讲习班There are two management development workshops per year.每年有两次管理技能提高研讨会。 tutorial tjuːˈtɔːriəl; NAmE tuːˈtɔːriəl [countable] a period of teaching in a college or university that involves discussion between an individual student or a very small group of students and a teacher (大学导师的)个别辅导,小组辅导课Students have to write an essay for each weekly tutorial.学生需要为每周的辅导课写短篇论文。 see also tutor teacher period [countable] any of the parts that a day is divided into at a school or college for study 节;学时;课We've got French next period.我们下节课上法语。I have two free / study periods (= for private study) on Tuesday afternoons.我每个星期二下午有两节自习课。class3

noun

Which classes are you taking? 你在上什么课?work hard in class 在课堂上用功学习the youngest in the class 班上年龄最小的人all classes of society 社会各阶层class ♦︎ grade ♦︎ year ♦︎ stream ♦︎ track ♦︎ setThese are all words for groups in which students are taught together. 这些词均表示班级、年级、小组。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配in a class / grade / year / stream / set class [countable + singular or plural verb] a group of students who are taught together 班;班级We were in the same class at school.我们上学时同班。He finished top of the class (= got better results than all the others).他在班上名列前茅。The whole class was told to stay behind after school.全班被告知放学后留下。 (especially NAmE) the class of 2008 (= a group of students who finished their studies at school or college in 2008) 2008届毕业生 (NAmE) the freshman / sophomore / junior / senior class大学或高中一年级/二年级/三年级/四年级 grade [countable](in the US school system) one of the levels in a school with children of similar age (美国学制)年级He is in (the) second grade.他读二年级。 grader

noun

[countable] The play is open to all seventh and eighth graders.所有七、八年级学生均可观看此剧。
year [countable] (especially BrE) (at a school or university) a level that you stay in for one year; a student at a particular level 年级;某年级的学生We didn't start Latin until year nine.我们直到九年级才开始学习拉丁语。The language students go abroad in their third year.学习语言的学生在第三年到国外去。The project is the work of a group of year-seven pupils.这个专题研究是一群七年级学生的努力成果。First and second years usually live in college.一二年级学生通常住在学院里。 stream [countable] (especially BrE) a group in which students of the same age and level of ability are placed in some schools (将同龄学生按能力编在一起的)班,组He was put into the top stream.他分在快班。 stream

verb

[transitive, usually passive] (especially BrE) Pupils are streamed for English and Maths.学生上英语课和数学课时按能力分成小组。
track [countable] (NAmE) a group in which students of the same age and level or ability, or studying the same group of subjects, are placed in some schools and colleges (将学生按年龄、水平、能力或修读科目分编的)班,组Students pursue one of three tracks: professional writing, film / television / video or new media.学生竞相参加以下三个班中的其中一个:专业写作、影视与录像,以及新媒体。 track

verb

[intransitive, transitive, usually passive] a comparison of schools that track and don't track in math数学课分班与不分班的学校的对比
set [countable] (BrE) a group of school students of the same age and similar ability in a particular subject who are taught together in that subject although they are normally taught in a different group (一同修学某一科目、但分属不同班级的)一批学生She is in the top set for French.她的法语成绩名列前茅。
class4

noun

Which classes are you taking? 你在上什么课?work hard in class 在课堂上用功学习the youngest in the class 班上年龄最小的人all classes of society 社会各阶层class ♦︎ level ♦︎ position ♦︎ rank ♦︎ status ♦︎ rating ♦︎ standing ♦︎ ranking ♦︎ gradeThese are all words for a group in society or within an organization that sb belongs to, based on how much importance or authority they have, or for a measure of how good or important sb/sth is compared with sb/sth else. 这些词均表示阶级、等级、地位。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配sb's class / level / position / rank / status / standing / ranking in / within stha / the high / higher level / position / rank / status / rating / standing / ranking / gradea / the low / lower class / level / position / rank / status / rating / standing / ranking / gradethe top level / rank / rating / ranking / gradethe upper class / level / rankthe middle class / level / rank / ranking / gradea / the senior level / position / rank / gradesb's social class / position / rank / status / standing / rankinga / sb's professional class / status / standingto improve your position / status / standing / rankingto have a ... rank / rating / status / standingto give (sb / sth) a status / rating / rankingto achieve a rank / status / ratingsb's class / position / rank / status / standing in societya / the class / level / ranks of society class [countable + singular or plural verb, uncountable] one of the groups of people in a society that are thought of as being at the same social or economic level; the way that people are divided into different social or economic groups 阶级;阶层;社会等级His ideas had an appeal among the wealthy, professional classes.他的想法获得富裕的专业阶层认同。Do you consider yourself to be middle class?你认为你属于中产阶级吗?A lot of British comedy is based on class differences.许多英国喜剧是以阶级差异为基础的。The old class system is not appropriate in a modern age.旧的等级制度不适用于现代。 see also the upper class elite , the middle class middle class noun , the working class general public level [countable] one of a number of positions in a scale of importance, for example in society or within an organization (社会、组织等内部的)层次,级别He promised reforms at all levels of government.他承诺对各级政府进行改革。She reached a very high level at a very young age.她在很年轻时就晋升到非常高的级别。The decision is being made at top level.最高层正在做决策。 position [countable, uncountable] the level of importance of a person or organization when compared with others 地位;等级We need to improve the position of women and girls in these societies.我们需要提高女性在这些社会中的地位。The company has a dominant position in the world market.那家公司在全球市场占据主导地位。Wealth and position are not important to her.财富与地位对她并不重要。 rank [countable, uncountable] a position, especially an important position, that sb has in a particular organization or society; the position that sb has in one of the armed forces or the police (尤指较高的)地位,级别;军阶;警衔She rose through the ranks to become managing director (= she started in a low position).她从底层做起,一步步当上了常务董事。She was not used to mixing with people of high social rank.她不习惯和社会地位很高的人交往。He was promoted to the rank of major.他被提升至少校军衔。I gave them only my name, rank and serial number.我只给了他们我的名字、军衔和编号。 status ˈsteɪtəs, NAmE also ˈstætəs [uncountable, countable, usually singular] the social or professional position of sb/sth in relation to others, based on the amount of respect they get from other people 地位;身份;职位The only jobs on offer were of low status and badly paid.仅有的在征人的工作地位低下,薪水很低。How do people perceive the status of the full-time mother?人们对全职母亲的地位怎么看? rating [countable] a measurement of how good, important, popular, etc. sb/sth is, especially in relation to other people or things 等级,级别(质量、重要性、流行程度等的标准)It was a very good rating for an amateur performance.对业余演出来说,这是非常高的水平。The poll gave an approval rating of 39% for the president.民意调查表明公众对总统的支持率为39%。 see also rate rank verb , rate judge verb 1 standing [uncountable] the position or reputation of sb/sth within a group of people or in an organization 地位;级别;身份;名声The prime minister needs to improve his standing with the public.首相需要提高他在公众中的声望。Their standing as a profession has declined in recent years.他们的职业地位近年来一直在下降。 ranking [countable] the position of sb/sth on a scale that shows how good or important they are compared with other people or things, especially in sport (尤指体育运动中的)地位,排名,排位She has retained her No. 1 world ranking.她保住了自己世界第一的排名。The product has consistently been given a high ranking by consumer groups.消费群体对该产品的评分一直很高。 see also rank rank verb grade [countable] a rank or level that sb has within an organization, often related to how much they are paid for doing their job (官衔的)级别;职别She's still only on a secretarial grade.她的职别仍然是秘书。The higher grades within the organization usually get bigger pay rises.在组织内部,通常级别越高,薪水涨幅越大。

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