- [countable, uncountable]
a difficult time for the economy of a country, when there is less trade and industrial activity than usual and more people are unemployed 经济衰退；经济萎缩 How do you assess the impact of the current recession on manufacturing? 你如何评价时下经济萎缩对制造业的影响？ - in recession
The economy is in deep recession. 经济正处于严重的衰退之中。 policies to pull the country out of recession 引导国家走出经济萎缩的政策 These industries have been hard hit by recession. 这些行业受到了经济衰退的沉重打击。
Collocations The economyThe economy 经济 Managing the economy 管理经济 - handle/run/manage the economy
管理经济 - boost investment/spending/employment/growth
促进投资／支出／就业／增长速度 - stimulate demand/the economy/industry
刺激需求／经济／工业 - cut/reduce investment/spending/borrowing
削减投资／支出／借贷 - reduce/curb/control/keep down inflation
减少／遏制通货膨胀 - create/fuel growth/demand/a boom/a bubble
创造／刺激增长／需求／繁荣／泡沫 - encourage/foster/promote/stimulate/stifle innovation/competition
鼓励／促进／刺激／抑制创新／竞争 - encourage/work with/compete with the private sector
鼓励私营部门；与私营部门合作／竞争 - increase/boost/promote US/agricultural exports
增加／促进美国／农业出口 - ban/restrict/block cheap/foreign imports
禁止／限制／阻止廉价／国外进口产品 - the economy grows/expands/shrinks/contracts/slows (down)/recovers/improves/is booming
经济增长／扩张／收缩／萎缩／放缓／复苏／改善／繁荣 - enjoy an economic/housing/property boom
享受经济／住房／房地产的繁荣期
Economic problems 经济问题 - push up/drive up prices/costs/inflation
抬高价格／成本；加剧通货膨胀 - damage/hurt/destroy industry/the economy
破坏工业／经济 - cause/lead to/go into/avoid/escape recession
引起／导致／进入／避开经济衰退 - experience/suffer a recession/downturn
经历／遭受经济衰退 - fight/combat inflation/deflation/unemployment
抵抗通货膨胀／通货紧缩／失业 - cause/create inflation/poverty/unemployment
导致／造成通货膨胀／贫穷／失业 - create/burst a housing/stock market bubble
造成／引爆住房／股票市场泡沫 - cause/trigger a stock market crash/the collapse of the banking system
引起股市崩盘／银行系统崩溃 - face/be plunged into a financial/an economic crisis
面临／陷入财政／经济危机 - be caught in/experience cycles of boom and bust
陷入／经历周期性繁荣与萧条
Public finance 公共财政 - cut/reduce/slash/increase/double the defence/education/aid budget
- increase/boost/slash/cut public spending
增加／大幅削减／削减公共支出 - increase/put up/raise/cut/lower/reduce taxes
提高／降低税收 - raise/cut/lower/reduce interest rates
提高／降低利率 - ease/loosen/tighten monetary policy
放宽／收紧货币政策 - balance the (state/federal) budget
平衡（州／联邦）预算 - achieve/maintain a balanced budget
达到／保持预算平衡 - run a ($4 trillion) budget deficit/surplus
有（4 万亿美元的）预算赤字／盈余 - impose taxes/austerity measures
Extra ExamplesTopics Moneyb2As dozens of companies go out of business, others are riding out the recession. 在大量公司纷纷倒闭之际，其他一些公司却安全挺过萧条期。 Germany was suffering a steep recession. 当时德国正陷于急剧的经济衰退之中。 It was the worst recession since the war. 这是战争以来最萧条的时期。 The country has been hit by recession. 该国受到经济萧条的冲击。 These reforms will only deepen the recession. 这些改革将只会加剧经济萧条。 With a recession looming, consumers are spending less. 经济日渐萧条，人们的消费也越来越少了。
- [uncountable] (formal)
the movement backwards of something from a previous position 退后；撤回 the gradual recession of the floodwater 洪水的渐渐消退
Word Originmid 17th cent.: from Latin recessio(n-), from recess- ‘gone back’, from the verb recedere ‘go back’, from re- ‘back’ + cedere ‘go’.