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TOEFL BNC: 4343 COCA: 5419

restraint

noun
 
/rɪˈstreɪnt/
/rɪˈstreɪnt/
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  1.  
    [countable, usually plural] restraint (on somebody/something) a rule, a fact, an idea, etc. that limits or controls what people can do约束力；管制措施；制约因素
    • The government has imposed export restraints on some products.政府对一些产品实行了出口控制。
    • social restraints on drinking alcohol饮酒的社会限制
    Synonyms limitlimit
    • restriction
    • control
    • constraint
    • restraint
    • limitation
    These are all words for something that limits what you can do or what can happen.
    • limit the greatest or smallest amount of something that is allowed:
      • The EU has set strict limits on pollution levels.欧盟对污染程度作了严格的限定。
      • the speed limit速度限制
    • restriction (rather formal) a rule or law that limits what you can do:指限制规定、限制法规：
      • There are no restrictions on the amount of money you can withdraw.取款没有限额。
    • control (often in compounds) the act of limiting or managing something; a method of doing this:
      • arms control军备控制
    • constraint (rather formal) a fact or decision that limits what you can do:指限制、限定、约束：
      • We have to work within severe constraints of time and money.我们必须在时间紧迫、资金紧张的限制下工作。
    • restraint (rather formal) a decision, a rule, an idea, etc. that limits what you can do; the act of limiting something because it is necessary or sensible to do so:指约束力、管制措施、制约因素、控制、限制：
      • The government has imposed export restraints on some products.政府对一些产品实行了出口控制。
      • The unions are unlikely to accept any sort of wage restraint.工会不大可能接受任何形式的工资限制。
    • limitation the act or process of limiting something; a rule, fact or condition that limits something:
      • They would resist any limitation of their powers.他们会抵制对他们权力的任何限制。
    restriction, constraint, restraint or limitation?用 restriction、constraint、restraint 还是 limitation？These are all things that limit what you can do. A restriction is rule or law that is made by somebody in authority. A constraint is something that exists rather than something that is made, although it may exist as a result of somebody’s decision. A restraint is also something that exists: it can exist outside yourself, as the result of somebody else’s decision; but it can also exist inside you, as a fear of what other people may think or as your own feeling about what is acceptable: moral/​social/​cultural restraints. A limitation is more general and can be a rule that somebody makes or a fact or condition that exists.Patterns
    • limits/​restrictions/​controls/​constraints/​restraints/​limitations on something
    • limits/​limitations to something
    • severe limits/​restrictions/​controls/​constraints/​restraints/​limitations
    • tight limits/​restrictions/​controls/​constraints
    • to impose/​remove limits/​restrictions/​controls/​constraints/​restraints/​limitations
    • to lift restrictions/​controls/​constraints/​restraints
    Extra Examples
    • The government imposed restraints on spending.政府对开支实行了限制。
    • They balked at the notion of prior restraints on research.一想到对调查的先行制止他们就畏缩了。
    • We did the best we could within the limited time restraints.我们在有限的时间内尽了最大的努力。
    • What happens when the conventional restraints on human cruelty are removed?对人类残酷行为的传统束缚取消时会发生什么？
    • agreements on voluntary export restraints关于自愿限制出口的协议
    • There are certain social restraints on drinking alcohol.在饮酒方面存在着某些社会制约因素。
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective
    • voluntary
    • conventional
    • physical
    • …
    verb + restraint
    • impose
    • use
    • remove
    • …
    preposition
    • without restraint
    • restraint on
    • restraint upon
    • …
    See full entry
  2.  
    [uncountable] the act of controlling or limiting something because it is necessary or sensible to do so控制；限制
    • The unions are unlikely to accept any sort of wage restraint.工会不大可能接受任何形式的工资限制。
    • without restraint They said that they would fight without restraint (= completely freely) for what they wanted.他们说，为达目的，他们会无所顾忌地抗争到底。
    Extra Examples
    • talks on voluntary wage restraint关于自愿限制工资的谈判
    • the government's need to exercise fiscal restraint政府进行财政紧缩的需要
    • Prices continued to rise without restraint.物价继续无限制地上涨。
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective
    • voluntary
    • conventional
    • physical
    • …
    verb + restraint
    • impose
    • use
    • remove
    • …
    preposition
    • without restraint
    • restraint on
    • restraint upon
    • …
    See full entry
  3.  
    [uncountable] the quality of behaving calmly and with control克制；抑制；约束 synonym self-control
    • The police appealed to the crowd for restraint.警方呼吁群众保持克制。
    • He exercised considerable restraint in ignoring the insults.他表现出相当的克制，没去理会种种侮辱。
    Extra Examples
    • Finally he was able to cry properly, without restraint.他终于可以毫无束缚地放声大哭了。
    • He abandoned all restraint and yelled at the top of his lungs.他不管不顾地放声大叫起来。
    • Journalists have exercised remarkable restraint in not reporting all the sordid details of the case.记者们对该案件的报道显示出异乎寻常的克制，没有披露所有骯脏的细节。
    • Somehow I had the restraint not to tell Peter that.我还是强忍着没把那件事告诉彼得。
    • The government called for restraint by both sides.政府要求双方保持克制。
    • The media should have used more restraint in disclosing his private life.媒体在披露他的私人生活时应该更克制些。
    • The role requires a certain restraint.这一职位要求有某种程度的自制能力。
    • They reacted with restraint.他们的反应有所节制。
    • the mutual restraint shown by police and protesters.警察和抗议者表现出的相互克制
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective
    • considerable
    • great
    • remarkable
    • …
    verb + restraint
    • have
    • exercise
    • practise/​practice
    • …
    preposition
    • with restraint
    • without restraint
    • restraint by
    • …
    See full entry
  4. [uncountable] (formal) the use of physical force to control somebody who is behaving in a violent way（武力）阻止，制止，制伏
    • the physical restraint of prisoners对囚犯的人身限制
    Extra Examples
    • Sometimes the care workers need to use physical restraint on the hospital patients.有时看护人员需要对住院病人使用身体约束。
    • guilty of the charge of unlawful restraint犯了非法拘禁罪
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective
    • voluntary
    • conventional
    • physical
    • …
    verb + restraint
    • impose
    • use
    • remove
    • …
    preposition
    • without restraint
    • restraint on
    • restraint upon
    • …
    See full entry
  5. [countable] (formal) a type of seat belt or safety device座椅安全带；安全装置
    • Children must use an approved child restraint or adult seat belt.儿童必须使用经过认可的儿童安全带或成人座椅安全带。
    6. Word Originlate Middle English: from Old French restreinte, feminine past participle of restreindre ‘hold back’, from Latin restringere, from re- ‘back’ + stringere ‘to tie, pull tight’.

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