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TOEFL BNC: 9112 COCA: 9758

stiffen

verb
/ˈstɪfn/
/ˈstɪfn/
Verb Forms
present simple I / you / we / they stiffen
/ˈstɪfn/
/ˈstɪfn/
he / she / it stiffens
/ˈstɪfnz/
/ˈstɪfnz/
past simple stiffened
/ˈstɪfnd/
/ˈstɪfnd/
past participle stiffened
/ˈstɪfnd/
/ˈstɪfnd/
-ing form stiffening
/ˈstɪfnɪŋ/
/ˈstɪfnɪŋ/
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  1. [intransitive, transitive] to make yourself or part of your body straight and still, especially because you are angry or frightened(尤指因气愤或害怕,使浑身或身体的一部分)变僵硬,变僵直,绷紧
    • stiffen (with something) She stiffened with fear.她吓呆了。
    • stiffen something (with something) I stiffened my back and faced him.我挺直了腰杆面对着他。
  2. [intransitive, transitive] (of part of the body身体的一部分) to become, or to make something become, difficult to bend or move(使)难以弯曲,难以活动,发僵
    • stiffen (up) My muscles had stiffened up after the climb.爬上去以后我肌肉都发僵了。
    • stiffen something stiffened muscles发僵的肌肉
  3. [transitive, intransitive] stiffen (something) to make an attitude or idea stronger or more powerful; to become stronger(使)变强硬,变坚定 synonym strengthen
    • The threat of punishment has only stiffened their resolve (= made them even more determined to do something).惩罚的威胁益发坚定了他们的决心。
  4. [transitive] stiffen something (with something) to make something, such as cloth, hard and unable to bend使硬挺

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