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IELTS BNC: 1074 COCA: 1522

damage

noun
 
/ˈdæmɪdʒ/
/ˈdæmɪdʒ/
Idioms
jump to other results
  1.  
     [uncountable] physical harm caused to something which makes it less attractive, useful or valuable（有形的）損壞，破壞，損失
    • serious/severe damage嚴重/嚴重損壞
    • The building suffered extensive damage by fire in 1925.這座建築在 1925 年因火災遭到了大面積的損毀。
    • permanent/irreparable/irreversible damage永久性/不可修複/不可逆轉的損害
    • The accident caused no permanent damage.事故沒有造成永久性損害。
    • She suffered minor brain damage at birth.她出生時腦部受到輕微損傷。
    • liver/nerve/kidney damage肝髒/神經/腎髒損傷
    • flood/storm/smoke/water/fire damage洪水/風暴/煙霧/水/火災損失
    • damage to something The earthquake caused damage to property estimated at $6 billion.地震造成的財産損失估計達60億美元。
    • The storm didn't do much damage.暴風雨並未造成嚴重損失。
    • Industry could inflict further damage on the island's ecology.工業可能會對該島的生態造成進一步的破壞。
    • It could take years to repair the damage.修複損壞可能需要數年時間。
    • Make sure you insure your camera against loss or damage.一定要給你的照相機投保，以防丢失或損壞。
    see also collateral damage, criminal damage
    Extra Examples
    • There is growing awareness of the environmental damage caused by cars.人們越來越意識到汽車對環境的破壞。
    • All three compounds caused substantial DNA damage. 這三種化合物都造成了實質性的DNA損傷。
    • He was prosecuted for criminal damage to a vehicle.他被控對汽車存在刑事損害。
    • In war, there is always collateral damage.戰爭中，總有附帶損害。
    • At the moment it is difficult to assess the extent of the damage.損毀程度目前還很難估計。
    • Let's take a look at the damage.讓我們看看損失情況吧。
    • I insist on paying for the damage.我堅持要賠償損失。
    • Crops are sprayed with chemicals to prevent damage from insects.莊稼噴上了農藥預防蟲害。
    • The attempt at stopping the floods turned into a damage-limitation exercise.阻止洪水的奮戰變成了一場盡可能控制損失的演練。
    • The insurance policy covers the building for accidental damage.這份保單承保這座建築的意外毀損。
    • The power plant will cause untold damage to the local environment.電站將會對當地環境造成不可估量的損害。
    • The property damage is expected to exceed $10 billion. 財産損失預計超過100億美元。
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective
    • considerable
    • enormous
    • great
    • …
    verb + damage
    • cause
    • do
    • inflict
    • …
    damage + verb
    • occur
    • result
    damage + noun
    • assessment
    • report
    • control
    • …
    preposition
    • damage by
    • damage from
    • damage to
    • …
    phrases
    • the cost of the damage
    • the damage is done
    • the extent of the damage
    • …
    See full entry
  2.  
     [uncountable] harmful effects on somebody/something損害；傷害
    • The children suffered psychological and emotional damage.孩子們遭受了心理和情感上的傷害。
    • irreparable/permanent/lasting damage不可挽回的/永久的/持久的損害
    • damage to somebody/something This could cause serious damage to the country's economy.這可能對國家的經濟造成嚴重破壞。
    • It will be hard to repair the damage to his reputation.對他名譽的損害將很難修複。
    • Don't you think you've done enough damage already?你不認爲你已經造成了足夠的傷害嗎？
    Extra Examples
    • Don't try to apologize—the damage is done.别道歉了 － 已於事無補了。
    • Serious damage control was needed after the information was leaked to the papers.信息洩露給報界後，需要采取嚴格的損失控制措施。
    • The incident did permanent damage to relations between the two countries.這起事件對兩國關系造成了永久的損害。
    • They inflicted severe psychological damage on their opponents.他們給對手造成了極大的心理傷害。
    Topics War and conflictb2
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective
    • considerable
    • enormous
    • great
    • …
    verb + damage
    • cause
    • do
    • inflict
    • …
    damage + verb
    • occur
    • result
    damage + noun
    • assessment
    • report
    • control
    • …
    preposition
    • damage by
    • damage from
    • damage to
    • …
    phrases
    • the cost of the damage
    • the damage is done
    • the extent of the damage
    • …
    See full entry
  3. damages
     [plural] an amount of money that a court decides should be paid to somebody by the person, company, etc. that has caused them harm or injury（法院判定的）損害賠償金
    • He was ordered to pay damages totalling £30 000.他被責令支付總額爲 3 萬英鎊的損害賠償金。
    • They intend to sue for damages.他們打算起訴，要求賠償損失。
    • Ann was awarded £6 000 (in) damages.安被判予 6 000 英鎊的損害賠償金。
    • She was awarded damages of £6 000 .她獲得了6 000英鎊的賠償金。
    see also punitive damages
    Extra Examples
    • A woman is to bring a civil damages claim against the two men.一名女子要對這兩名男子提起民事賠償訴訟。
    • He received damages for personal injury.他拿到了人身傷害賠償金。
    • If goods are lost in transit, the carrier will be liable for damages.貨物若在運輸途中丢失，承運人有責任賠償。
    • The court will assess the damages.法庭將會評定損失賠償額。
    • The judge upheld her claim for damages against her former employer.法官支持她向以前的僱主索賠。
    • damages incurred by the unfairly sacked workers不公平解僱工人引發的損害賠償
    Topics Crime and punishmentc1
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective
    • civil
    • substantial
    • punitive
    • …
    verb + damages
    • incur
    • suffer
    • claim
    • …
    damages + noun
    • action
    • claim
    • award
    • …
    preposition
    • in damage
    • damage for
    • damage of
    • …
    phrases
    • an action for damages
    • a claim for damages
    See full entry
    4. Word OriginMiddle English: from Old French, from dam, damne ‘loss or damage’, from Latin damnum ‘loss or hurt’; compare with damn.
Idioms
what’s the damage?
  1. (informal) a way of asking how much something costs要花多少錢

damage

verb
 
/ˈdæmɪdʒ/
/ˈdæmɪdʒ/
Verb Forms
present simple I / you / we / they damage
/ˈdæmɪdʒ/
/ˈdæmɪdʒ/
he / she / it damages
/ˈdæmɪdʒɪz/
/ˈdæmɪdʒɪz/
past simple damaged
/ˈdæmɪdʒd/
/ˈdæmɪdʒd/
past participle damaged
/ˈdæmɪdʒd/
/ˈdæmɪdʒd/
-ing form damaging
/ˈdæmɪdʒɪŋ/
/ˈdæmɪdʒɪŋ/
jump to other results
  1. damage something/somebody to have a bad or harmful effect on something/somebody損害；傷害；毀壞；破壞
    • The church was badly damaged by the 1997 earthquake.這座教堂在1997年的地震中嚴重受損。
    • Smoking seriously damages your health.吸煙嚴重損害人體健康。
    • to be severely/heavily damaged in the fire在火災中嚴重受損
    • Our car was damaged beyond repair in the crash.我們的汽車在事故中損壞得無法修理。
    • She fears the allegations could permanently damage her reputation.她擔心這些指控可能會永久損害她的聲譽。
    • She was psychologically damaged by her experiences.她的經歷給她造成了心理傷害。
    Extra Examples
    • A number of houses were damaged or destroyed by the fire.許多房屋被大火損壞或摧毀。
    • Injuries were minimal, but some business property was damaged. 受傷很少，但一些商業財産遭到破壞。
    • Damp has damaged some of the paintings irreparably.潮濕已經不可挽回地損壞了一些畫。
    • The government has the power to fine companies that damage the environment.政府有權對破壞環境的公司進行罰款。
    • Many feel the organization's credibility has been damaged.許多人認爲該組織的信譽受到了損害。
    Synonyms damagedamage
    • hurt
    • harm
    • impair
    These words all mean to have a bad effect on somebody/​something.
    • damage to cause physical harm to something, making it less attractive, useful or valuable; to have a bad effect on somebody/​something’s life, health, happiness or chances of success:
      • The fire badly damaged the town hall.火災使市政廳遭到嚴重破壞。
      • emotionally damaged children感情上受傷害的孩子
    • hurt (rather informal) to have a bad effect on somebody/​something’s life, health, happiness or chances of success:指傷害、損害：
      • Hard work never hurt anyone.努力工作絕無害處。
    • harm to have a bad effect on somebody/​something’s life, health, happiness or chances of success:
      • Pollution can harm marine life.污染會危及海洋生物。
    damage, hurt or harm?用 damage、hurt 還是 harm？Hurt is slightly less formal than damage or harm, especially when it is used in negative statements: It won’t hurt him to have to wait a bit. • It won’t damage/​harm him to have to wait a bit. Harm is also often used to talk about ways in which things in the natural world such as wildlife and the environment are affected by human activity.
    • impair (rather formal) to damage somebody’s health, abilities or chances:指損害、削弱（健康、能力或機會）：
      • Even one drink can impair driving performance.即使一杯酒也可能影響駕駛操作。
    Patterns
    • to damage/​hurt/​harm/​impair somebody’s chances
    • to damage/​hurt/​harm somebody’s interests/​reputation
    • to damage/​harm/​impair somebody’s health
    • to seriously/​greatly damage/​hurt/​harm/​impair somebody/​something
    • to badly/​severely damage/​hurt/​impair somebody/​something
    Collocations InjuriesInjuries身體損傷Being injured受傷
    • have a fall/​an injury跌了一跤；受傷
    • receive/​suffer/​sustain a serious injury/​a hairline fracture/(especially British English) whiplash/​a gunshot wound受重傷／輕微骨裂／鞭傷／槍傷
    • hurt/​injure your ankle/​back/​leg傷到腳踝／背／大腿
    • damage the brain/​an ankle ligament/​your liver/​the optic nerve/​the skin損傷大腦／腳踝韌帶／肝髒／視神經／皮膚
    • pull/​strain/​tear a hamstring/​ligament/​muscle/​tendon拉傷腘繩肌腱／韌帶／肌肉／肌腱
    • sprain/​twist your ankle/​wrist扭傷腳踝／手腕
    • break a bone/​your collarbone/​your leg/​three ribs骨折；鎖骨／大腿／三根肋骨骨折
    • fracture/​crack your skull頭蓋骨破裂
    • break/​chip/​knock out/​lose a tooth碰斷了一顆牙；使牙齒崩缺了一塊；磕掉／掉了一顆牙
    • burst/​perforate your eardrum使耳膜破裂；鼓膜穿孔
    • dislocate your finger/​hip/​jaw/​shoulder使手指／臀部／下巴／肩膀脫臼
    • bruise/​cut/​graze your arm/​knee/​shoulder擦傷／割破／擦破手臂／膝蓋／肩膀
    • burn/​scald yourself/​your tongue燒傷／燙傷自己／舌頭
    • bang/​bump/​hit/ (informal) bash your elbow/​head/​knee (on/​against something)（在某物上）撞到肘部／頭／膝蓋
    Treating injuries治療傷病
    • treat somebody for burns/​a head injury/​a stab wound給某人治療燒傷／頭部傷／刺傷
    • examine/​clean/​dress/​bandage/​treat a bullet wound檢查／清洗／包紮／用繃帶包紮／治療槍傷
    • repair a damaged/​torn ligament/​tendon/​cartilage修複損傷的／拉傷的韌帶／肌腱／軟骨
    • amputate/​cut off an arm/​a finger/​a foot/​a leg/​a limb截去一只胳膊／一根手指／一只腳／一條腿；截肢
    • put on/ (formal) apply/​take off (especially North American English) a Band-Aid™/(British English) a plaster/​a bandage貼上／使用／撕掉創可貼；纏上／使用／解掉繃帶
    • need/​require/​put in/ (especially British English) have (out)/ (North American English) get (out) stitches需要縫針；縫針；拆線
    • put on/​rub on/ (formal) apply cream/​ointment/​lotion塗抹護膚霜／藥膏／護膚液
    • have/​receive/​undergo (British English) physiotherapy/(North American English) physical therapy接受物理療法
    Topics War and conflictb1
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadverb
    • badly
    • heavily
    • seriously
    • …
    See full entry
    Word OriginMiddle English: from Old French, from dam, damne ‘loss or damage’, from Latin damnum ‘loss or hurt’; compare with damn.

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