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IELTS BNC: 1688 COCA: 2138

initiative

noun
/ɪˈnɪʃətɪv/
/ɪˈnɪʃətɪv/
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  1. [countable] a new plan for dealing with a particular problem or for achieving a particular purpose倡议;新方案
    • a United Nations peace initiative 联合国的和平倡议
    • Most policy initiatives come from the White House.大多数政策倡议来自白宫。
    • to launch an initiative发起一项倡议
    • The money was intended to support initiatives in bilingual education.这笔钱旨在支持双语教育的倡议。
    • initiative to do something new initiatives to improve animal welfare改善动物福利的新举措
    • a government initiative to combat unemployment政府应付失业问题的新方案
    • initiative by somebody/something a joint initiative by the Scottish and UK governments苏格兰和英国政府的联合倡议
    • initiative for something an initiative for peace and human rights旨在维护和平、保障人权的新举措
    Extra Examples
    • Ten schools have been involved in the initiative.有 10 所学校参与了新计划。
    • The committee endorsed an initiative by the chairman to enter discussion about a possible merger.委员会同意了主席提出的倡议,开始对可能进行的并购进行讨论。
    • The government has launched a new policy initiative.政府已经开始推行一项新政策。
    • The initiative foundered because there was no market interest in redevelopment.新计划搁浅了,因为重建项目没有市场需求。
    • The peace initiative was rejected out of hand.和平方案遭到了断然否决。
    • The research initiative is being undertaken by a group of environmentalists.一群环保人士正在着手实施这一新的研究计划。
    • We welcome the government's initiative to help the homeless.我们欢迎政府提出的帮助无家可归者的新方案。
    • a local initiative aimed at economic regeneration以经济复兴为目标的地方新举措
    • a new initiative against car theft打击汽车盗窃的新举措
    • a peace initiative sponsored by the Organization of African Unity由非洲统一组织首倡的和平方案
    • an initiative designed to promote collaborative research一项旨在推动合作研究的新计划
    • fresh initiatives to find a peaceful end to the conflict和平解决争端的各项新方案
    • The initiative to reopen negotiations came from Moscow.重启谈判的主动权来自莫斯科方面。
    • pioneering initiatives in bioengineering生物工程的开拓性新举措
    • the government's major new initiative on crime政府关于犯罪问题的重大新举措
    • the latest initiative by the UN Secretary General联合国秘书长发出的最新倡议
    • A number of initiatives have been planned to tackle street crime.已经计划采取一些措施来对付街头犯罪。
    • Government leaders are meeting to discuss the latest peace initiative.各国政府首脑正开会讨论最新的和平倡议。
    • They proposed a joint initiative between the local authority and faith groups.他们提出了一项地方当局和宗教团体之间的联合倡议。
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective
    • fresh
    • new
    • innovative
    … of initiatives
    • range
    • series
    verb + initiative
    • undertake
    • plan
    • develop
    initiative + verb
    • be aimed at something
    • be designed to
    • seek to do something
    preposition
    • initiative against
    • initiative by
    • initiative for
    See full entry
  2. [uncountable] the ability to decide and act on your own without waiting for somebody to tell you what to do主动性;积极性;自发性
    • He said I was lazy and had no initiative.他说我懒,没有主动性。
    • You won't get much help. You'll have to use your initiative.你不会得到多少帮助的。你得自己想办法。
    • She needs to show more initiative if she wants to succeed.如果她想成功,她需要表现出更多的主动性。
    • Too much bureaucracy represses creativity and initiative.过多的官僚主义压抑了创造力和主动性。
    • She did it on her own initiative (= without anyone telling her to do it).她是主动这么做的。
    Extra Examples
    • Don't ask me what you should do all the time. Use your initiative!别老是问我你该干什么,你要有自己的主意!
    • He acted on his own initiative and wasn't following orders.他是主动这么做的,并不是奉命行事。
    • He had the initiative to ask what time the last train left.他主动询问最后一班火车什么时候开。
    • It's a very hierarchical company and there's little place for individual initiative.这是一家等级森严的公司,个人主动性的空间很小。
    • Raising taxes on small businesses will stifle initiative.提高小企业的税收会抑制它们的积极性。
    • In an unprecedented action, the army, on its own initiative, arrested seven civilians.军队竟然擅自逮捕了 7 名平民,这种行为是前所未有的。
    • Some scientists show little initiative in applying their knowledge.有些科学家很少主动将自己的知识投入应用。
    • The project was set up on the initiative of a local landowner.项目是由当地一名土地所有人发起的。
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective
    • great
    • real
    • individual
    verb + initiative
    • have
    • display
    • show
    preposition
    • on somebody’s initiative
    • initiative in
    phrases
    • a lack of initiative
    • on your own initiative
    See full entry
  3. the initiative
    [singular] the power or opportunity to act and gain an advantage before other people do掌握有利条件的能力(或机会);主动权
    • to seize/regain the initiative抓住/重获主动权
    • It was up to the US to take the initiative in repairing relations.在修复关系方面应由美国采取主动。
    Extra Examples
    • In the second half, Manchester United regained the initiative.曼联队在下半场重新夺回了主动权。
    • She then regained the initiative in winning the third game.她赢得了第三局比赛,重新夺回了主动权。
    • She took the initiative in asking the board to conduct an enquiry.她主动提请委员会进行调查。
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryverb + the initiative
    • have
    • hold
    • gain
    the initiative + verb
    • come from somebody/​something
    • lie with somebody
    preposition
    • initiative in
    See full entry
  4. [countable, uncountable] (in some states of the US) a process by which ordinary people can suggest a new law by signing a petition(美国某些州的)公民立法提案程序
    • a ballot initiative to establish a local minimum wage确定当地最低工资的投票倡议
    • The rights of referendum and initiative foster active participation by citizens.公民投票和倡议的权利促进了公民的积极参与。
  5. Word Originlate 18th cent.: from French, from Latin initiare, from initium ‘beginning’.
IELTS BNC: 1688 COCA: 2138
initiative

noun¹

1new plan新計劃ADJECTIVE | ... OF INITIATIVES | VERB + INITIATIVE | INITIATIVE + VERB | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVEfresh, new新計劃;新方案fresh initiatives to find a peaceful end to the conflict和平解決爭端的各項新方案innovative, pioneering革新方案;開拓性新舉措pioneering initiatives in bioengineering生物工程的開拓性新舉措current, latest, recent目前的新計劃;最新的倡議;近期的新方案proposed提出的新方案ongoing執行中的新方案important, major重要的倡議;主要的舉措welcome受歡迎的倡議successful成功的舉措practical切合實際的新方案bold, exciting大膽的/振奮人心的新方案private私人計劃collaborative, cooperative, joint協作倡議;合作計劃;聯合方案grass-roots基層的倡議global, international, local, national, regional, statewide (NAmE) 全球性方案;國際性倡議;地方性倡議;全國性的舉措;區域性措施;全州性方案federal, government, presidential (NAmE) 聯邦政府的/政府的/總統的倡議strategic戰略方案business, e-business, e-commerce, marketing經營新思路;電子商務新思路;新的營銷方案diplomatic, economic, legislative, peace, policy, political新的外交舉措;新的經濟計劃;新法案;和平倡議;新的政策方案;新的政治舉措safety, training新的安全方案;新的培訓計劃development, research開發/研究方案education, educational, health新的教育方案;新的健康計劃conservation, environmental新的環保倡議faith-based (especially NAmE) 基於信仰的方案community-based (especially NAmE) 基於社區的計劃outreach外展服務計劃reform改革方案ballot (NAmE) 投票方案... OF INITIATIVESrange, series一系列的倡議;一系列的新舉措VERB + INITIATIVEundertake實施新方案The research initiative is being undertaken by a group of environmentalists.一群環保人士正在着手實施這一新的研究計劃。plan制訂新計劃develop形成新方案announce, unveil宣佈/公佈計劃create, implement, introduce, launch, set up, start制訂新方案;實施新計劃;推行新計劃;發出倡議;確立新方案The government has launched a new policy initiative.政府已經開始推行一項新政策。be involved in參與新計劃Ten schools have been involved in the initiative.有 10 所學校參與了新計劃。become involved in, get involved in投身新計劃pursue實行新計劃expand擴展新計劃lead, spearhead引領新思路approve, pass批准/通過新計劃oppose反對新計劃defeat, reject挫敗新計劃;駁回倡議The peace initiative was rejected out of hand.和平方案遭到了斷然否決。fund, sponsor資助/支持新計劃a peace initiative sponsored by the Organization of African Unity由非洲統一組織首倡的和平方案back, endorse, support支持新舉措;贊同新計劃The committee endorsed an initiative by the chairman to enter discussion about a possible merger.委員會同意了主席提出的倡議,開始對可能進行的並購進行討論。promote, push推動新計劃welcome歡迎新計劃We welcome the government's initiative to help the homeless.我們歡迎政府提出的幫助無家可歸者的新方案。encourage鼓勵新方案INITIATIVE + VERBbe aimed at sth, be designed to新計劃旨在⋯a local initiative aimed at economic regeneration以經濟復興為目標的地方新舉措an initiative designed to promote collaborative research一項旨在推動合作研究的新計劃seek to do sth新計劃力圖⋯focus on sth新計劃以⋯為重點include sth, involve sth, relate to sth新計劃包含⋯/涉及⋯/關涉⋯fail, founder新計劃失敗The initiative foundered because there was no market interest in redevelopment.新計劃擱淺了,因為重建項目沒有市場需求。PREPOSITIONinitiative against針對⋯的方案a new initiative against car theft打擊汽車盜竊的新舉措initiative by由⋯提出的新計劃the latest initiative by the UN Secretary General聯合國秘書長發出的最新倡議initiative for為⋯而制訂的措施an initiative for peace and human rights旨在維護和平、保障人權的新舉措initiative on關於⋯的新方案the government's major new initiative on crime政府關於犯罪問題的重大新舉措 topic at business
initiative

noun²

2ability to decide/act independently自主能力;主動性ADJECTIVE | VERB + INITIATIVE | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVEgreat, real極大的積極性;真正的主動性individual, personal, private個人主動性;個人的積極性It is a very hierarchical company and there's little place for individual initiative.這家公司等級森嚴,少有發揮個人主動性的空間。VERB + INITIATIVEhave有主動性He had the initiative to ask what time the last train left.他主動詢問最後一班火車什麼時候開。display, show展現/表現主動性act on your own, use, work on your own積極行動;發揮主動性;主動工作He acted on his own initiative and wasn't following orders.他是主動這麼做的,並不是奉命行事。Don't ask me what you should do all the time. Use your initiative!別老是問我你該幹什麼,你要有自己的主意!encourage, promote鼓勵發揮主動性;提高積極性stifle扼殺積極性Raising taxes on small businesses will stifle initiative.提高小企業的稅收會抑制它們的積極性。PREPOSITIONon sb's initiative某人自發地The project was set up on the initiative of a local landowner.項目是由當地一名土地所有人發起的。initiative in⋯方面的積極性Some scientists show little initiative in applying their knowledge.有些科學家很少主動將自己的知識投入應用。PHRASESa lack of initiative, on your own initiative缺乏主動性;主動地In an unprecedented action, the army, on its own initiative, arrested seven civilians.軍隊竟然擅自逮捕了 7 名平民,這種行為是前所未有的。
initiative

noun³

3the initiative opportunity to gain an advantage主動權VERB + THE INITIATIVE | THE INITIATIVE + VERB | PREPOSITION VERB + THE INITIATIVEhave, hold擁有/掌握主動權After their latest setback, the rebel forces no longer hold the initiative.經過上次的失敗後,叛軍不再掌握主動權了。gain, seize, take贏得先機;抓住主動權;採取主動maintain, retain保持主動權regain重新獲得主動權She then regained the initiative in winning the third game.她贏得了第三局比賽,重新奪回了主動權。lose喪失主動權THE INITIATIVE + VERBcome from sb/sth, lie with sb主動權來自⋯;主動權在某方The initiative to reopen negotiations came from Moscow.重啟談判的主動權來自莫斯科方面。PREPOSITIONinitiative in⋯的主動權She took the initiative in asking the board to conduct an enquiry.她主動提請委員會進行調查。
IELTS BNC: 1688 COCA: 2138
initiative noun
plan1
IELTS BNC: 1688 COCA: 2138
initiative
Intelligence, intuition and ability to understand: intelligence, intuition, intellect...
Ways of solving problems: solution, compromise, remedy...
Creating, amending and abolishing laws: abolish, abrogate, amend...
Opportunities: opportunity, chance, choice...

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