a substance that is needed to keep a living thing alive and to help it to grow 营养素；营养物 a lack of essential nutrients 基本营养的缺乏 Plants draw minerals and other nutrients from the soil. 植物从土壤中吸取矿物质和其他养分。 children suffering from a serious nutrient deficiency 严重缺乏营养的儿童
Collocations Diet and exerciseDiet and exercise 节食和锻炼 Weight 体重 - put on/gain/lose weight/a few kilos/a few pounds
增加／减少体重／几公斤／几磅 - watch/control/struggle with your weight
关注／控制体重；努力减肥 - be/become seriously overweight/underweight
已经／变得严重超重／体重不足 - be/become clinically/morbidly obese
已经是／变成临床／病态肥胖 - achieve/facilitate/promote/stimulate weight loss
达到减轻体重的目的；促进减肥 - slim down to 70 kilos/(British English) 11 stone/(especially North American English) 160 pounds
减肥到 70 公斤／11 英石／160 磅 - combat/prevent/tackle/treat obesity
遏制／防止／解决／治疗肥胖 - develop/have/suffer from/struggle with/recover from anorexia/bulimia/an eating disorder
患上／对抗／治愈厌食症／贪食症／饮食失调症 - be on/go on/follow a crash/strict diet
采用快速减肥食谱；严格节食 - have/suffer from a negative/poor body image
有不好的身体形象 - have/develop a positive/healthy body image
具有／达到好的／健康的身体形象
Healthy eating 健康的饮食 - eat a balanced diet/healthily/sensibly
吃得均衡／健康／合理 - get/provide/receive adequate/proper nutrition
获得／提供／得到充足的／合适的营养 - contain/get/provide essential nutrients/vitamins/minerals
含有／得到／提供必需的营养素／维生素／矿物质 - be high/low in calories/fat/fibre/protein/vitamin D/Omega-3 fatty acids
- contain (no)/use/be full of/be free from additives/chemical preservatives/artificial sweeteners
（不）含／使用／含有大量／不含添加剂／化学防腐剂／人工甜味剂 - avoid/cut down on/cut out alcohol/caffeine/fatty foods
避免摄取／减少／戒酒／咖啡因／高脂食物 - stop/give up/ (especially North American English) quit smoking
戒烟
Exercise 锻炼 - (British English) take regular exercise
经常锻炼 - do moderate/strenuous/vigorous exercise
做适度／剧烈运动 - play football/hockey/tennis
玩足球／曲棍球／网球 - go cycling/jogging/running
骑自行车；慢跑；跑步 - go to/visit/ (especially North American English) hit/work out at the gym
去健身房锻炼 - strengthen/tone/train your stomach muscles
增强／锻炼腹肌 - contract/relax/stretch/use/work your lower-body muscles
收缩／放松／伸展／使用／锻炼下肢的肌肉 - build (up)/gain muscle
增强肌肉 - improve/increase your stamina/energy levels/physical fitness
增强耐力／体能／体质 - burn/consume/expend calories
消耗热量
Staying healthy 保持健康 - be/get/keep/stay healthy/in shape/(especially British English) fit
身体健康；变得／保持健康 - lower your cholesterol/blood pressure
降低胆固醇／血压 - boost/stimulate/strengthen your immune system
增强免疫力 - prevent/reduce the risk of heart disease/high blood pressure/diabetes/osteoporosis
预防／减少患心脏病／高血压／糖尿病／骨质疏松的风险 - reduce/relieve/manage/combat stress
缓解／控制压力 - enhance/promote relaxation/physical and mental well-being
有助于身体放松／身心健康
Collocations The living worldTopics Biologyb2The living world 生物界 Animals 动物 - animals mate/breed/reproduce/feed (on something)
动物交配／繁育／繁殖／以…为食 - fish/amphibians swim/spawn (= lay eggs)
鱼／两栖动物游动／产卵 - birds fly/migrate/nest/sing
鸟飞翔／迁徙／筑巢／啼叫 - insects crawl/fly/bite/sting
昆虫爬／飞／咬／叮 - insects/bees/locusts swarm
昆虫／蜜蜂／蝗虫成群地飞来飞去 - bees collect/gather nectar/pollen
蜜蜂采蜜／花粉 - spiders spin/weave a web
蜘蛛结网／织网 - snakes/lizards shed their skins
蛇／蜥蜴蜕皮 - bears/hedgehogs/frogs hibernate
熊／刺猬／青蛙冬眠 - insect larvae grow/develop/pupate
昆虫的幼虫生长／发育／化蛹 - an egg/a chick/a larva hatches
卵孵化；小鸡出壳；幼虫孵出 - attract/find/choose a mate
吸引／找到／选择配偶 - produce/release eggs/sperm
产卵；排卵；产生／释放精子 - lay/fertilize/incubate/hatch eggs
产卵；使卵受精；孵卵 - inhabit a forest/a reef/the coast
栖居于森林／礁石／海岸 - mark/enter/defend (a) territory
标出／进入／保卫领地 - stalk/hunt/capture/catch/kill prey
悄悄接近／猎杀／捕获／杀死猎物
Plants and fungi 植物和真菌 - trees/plants grow/bloom/blossom/flower
树木／植物生长／开花 - a seed germinates/sprouts
种子发芽 - leaves/buds/roots/shoots appear/develop/form
叶子／花蕾／根茎／幼苗长出来／长大／成形 - flower buds swell/open
花蕾含苞欲放／绽放 - a fungus grows/spreads/colonizes something
菌类生长／扩散／长满… - pollinate/fertilize a flower/plant
给花／植物授粉 - produce/release/spread/disperse pollen/seeds/spores
长出／传播花粉／种子／孢子 - produce/bear fruit
结果 - develop/grow/form roots/shoots/leaves
长出根茎／嫩芽／叶子 - provide/supply/absorb/extract/release nutrients
提供／吸收／提取／释放营养物 - perform/increase/reduce photosynthesis
进行／增加／减少光合作用
Bacteria and viruses 细菌和病毒 - bacteria/microbes/viruses grow/spread/multiply
细菌／微生物／病毒生长／扩散／繁殖 - bacteria/microbes live/thrive in/on something
细菌／微生物在…中存活／大量生长 - bacteria/microbes/viruses evolve/colonize something/cause disease
细菌／微生物／病毒进化／长满…／引发疾病 - bacteria break something down/convert something (into something)
细菌（将某物）分解／转化（成某物） - a virus enters/invades something/the body
病毒进入／侵入某物／身体 - a virus mutates/evolves/replicates (itself)
病毒变异／演化／（自我）复制 - be infected with/contaminated with/exposed to a new strain of a virus/drug-resistant bacteria
感染上／接触到一种新病毒／抗药性细菌 - contain/carry/harbour bacteria/a virus
带有细菌／病毒 - kill/destroy/eliminate harmful/deadly bacteria
杀灭有害的／致命的细菌
Oxford Collocations DictionaryNutrient is used before these nouns:- deficiency
- intake
- manure
Word Originmid 17th cent.: from Latin nutrient- ‘nourishing’, from the verb nutrire.
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