- [countable, uncountable]
the process of choosing a person or a group of people for a position, especially a political position, by voting 选举，推选（尤指从政） presidential/parliamentary/local elections 总统/议会/地方选举 the upcoming midterm elections for Congress 即将到来的国会中期选举 The prime minister is about to call (= announce) an election. 首相即将宣布举行大选。 Elections will be held later this year. 选举将于今年晚些时候举行。 to vote in an election 参加投票选举 - (especially British English)
How many candidates are standing for election? 有多少候选人参加竞选？ - (especially North American English)
to run for election 参加竞选 to fight/contest an election 参加竞选 to win/lose an election 在选举中获胜／失败 the 2020 US election campaign 2020年美国大选 an election result/victory 选举结果/胜利 election day/night 选举日/晚上
Synonyms electionelection- vote
- poll
- referendum
- ballot
- election an occasion on which people officially choose a political representative or government by voting:
Who did you vote for in the last election? 上次选举中你把票投给了谁？
- vote an occasion on which a group of people vote for somebody/something:
They took a vote on who should go first. 他们以投票方式决定谁先走。
- poll (journalism
) the process of voting in an election: （新闻）指选举投票、计票： They suffered a defeat at the polls. 他们在投票选举中惨遭失败。
- referendum
an occasion on which all the adults in a country can vote on a particular issue 指全民投票、全民公决 - ballot the system of voting by marking an election paper, especially in secret; an occasion on which a vote is held:
The leader will be chosen by secret ballot. 领导人将通过无记名投票选举产生。
- a national/local election/vote/poll/referendum/ballot
- to have/hold/conduct a(n) election/vote/poll/referendum/ballot
Collocations Voting in electionsVoting in elections 在选举中投票 Running for election 参加选举 - conduct/hold an election/a referendum
举行选举／全民公决 - (especially North American English) run for office/election/governor/mayor/president/the White House
- (especially British English) stand for election/office/Parliament/the Labour Party/a second term
- hold/call/contest a general/national election
举行／要求／角逐大选／全国选举 - launch/run a presidential election campaign
开始总统竞选活动 - support/back a candidate
支持候选人 - sway/convince/persuade voters/the electorate
说服选民／全体选民 - appeal to/attract/woo/target (North American English) swing voters/(British English) floating voters
吸引游离选民；寻求游离选民的支持；瞄准游离选民 - fix/rig/steal an election/the vote
操纵选举；暗中舞弊获取选票
Voting 投票 - go to/be turned away from (especially British English) a polling station/(North American English) a polling place
去／被拒绝进入投票站投票 - cast a/your vote/ballot (for somebody)
投（某人）一票 - vote for the Conservative candidate/the Democratic party
投票给保守党候选人／民主党 - mark/spoil your ballot paper
在选票上做标记；投废票 - count (British English) the postal votes/(especially North American English) the absentee ballots
清点邮寄选票数 - go to/be defeated at the ballot box
去投票箱投票；竞选失败 - get/win/receive/lose votes
赢得／失去选票 - get/win (60% of) the popular/black/Hispanic/Latino/Muslim vote
赢得大众／黑人／拉美裔／穆斯林 (60%) 的选票 - win the election/(in the US) the primaries/a seat in Parliament/a majority/power
赢得大选／（美国的）初选／议会中的一个席位／多数票／权力 - lose an election/the vote/your majority/your seat
在选举中失败；失去多数人的支持／席位 - win/come to power in a landslide (victory) (= with many more votes than any other party)
以压倒多数的选票获胜／掌权 - elect/re-elect somebody (as) mayor/president/an MP/senator/congressman/congresswoman
选举／再度选举某人为市长／总统／议员／参议员／国会议员／国会女议员
Taking power 掌权 - be sworn into office/in as president
宣誓就职／就任总统 - take/administer (in the US) the oath of office
（美国）宣誓就职；听取就职宣誓 - swear/take (in the UK) an/the oath of allegiance
（英国）宣誓效忠 - give/deliver (in the US) the president’s inaugural address
发表（美国）总统就职演说 - take/enter/hold/leave office
就职；任职；离职 - appoint somebody (as) ambassador/governor/judge/minister
任命某人为大使／州长／法官／部长 - form a government/a cabinet
组建政府／内阁 - serve two terms as prime minister/in office
任两届总理；两届任职
Culture electionselectionsIn Britain, a general election takes place at least every five years, when the electorate (= all the people in the country who can vote) vote for the Members of Parliament or MPs in the House of Commons. Each MP represents a constituency, which is an area of the country with an approximately equal number of people, and is expected to be interested in the affairs of the constituency and to represent the interests of local people. If an MP dies or resigns, a by-election is held in the constituency he or she represented. Before an election one person is chosen by each of the main political parties to be their candidate. Independent candidates, who do not belong to a political party, can also stand for election. Each candidate has to leave a deposit with the returning officer, the person responsible for managing the election, which is returned to them if they win more than 5% of the votes, otherwise they lose their deposit. Before an election, candidates campaign for support in their constituency and local party workers spend their time canvassing, going from house to house to ask people about how they intend to vote. At the national level the parties spend a lot of money on advertising. They cannot buy television time, but each party is allowed a number of timed party political broadcasts.Anyone over the age of 18 has the right to vote at elections, provided they are on the electoral register (= list of adults in a constituency). Voting is not compulsory. The turnout (= number of people who vote) in recent general elections has been between 60 and 70% although in the past 75 to 80% was more usual. On the day of the election, called polling day, voters go to a polling station, often in a local school or church hall, and are given a ballot paper. The ballot paper lists all the candidates for that constituency and the parties they represent. The voter goes into a polling booth, where nobody can see what he or she is writing, and puts a cross next to the name of one candidate only. After the polls close, the ballot papers are taken to a central place to be counted. Counting usually takes place on the same day as the election, continuing late into the night if necessary. If the number of votes for two candidates is very close, they can demand a recount. Only the candidate who gets the most votes in each constituency is elected. This system is called first-past-the-post. The winning party, which forms the next government, is the one that wins most seats in Parliament (= has the most MPs).In the US, elections are held regularly for President, for both houses of Congress and for state and local government offices. Candidates usually run for office with the support of one of the two main political parties, the Republican Party or the Democratic Party, although anyone wanting to run as an independent can organize a petition and ask people to sign it. Some people also run as write-in candidates: they ask voters to add their name to the ballot paper when they vote. A very large amount of money is spent on election campaigning, where candidates try to achieve name recognition (= making their names widely known) by advertising on television, in newspapers and on posters. They take part in debates and hold rallies where they give speeches and go round pressing the flesh (= shaking hands with as many voters as possible).Only a person over 35 who is a 'natural born citizen' of the US can run for President. Presidential elections are held every four years and early in election year, the political parties choose their candidates through a series of primary elections held in each state. As these races take place it gradually becomes clear which candidates are the strongest and in the summer each party holds a convention to make the final choice of candidates for President and Vice-President. In November, the people go to vote and although the President is said to be directly elected, the official vote is made by an electoral college. Each state has a certain number of electors in the college based on the state's population. All the electors from a state must vote for the candidate who got the most votes in the state, and the candidate with at least 270 votes out of 538 becomes President. After the election, the new President goes to Washington for the inauguration on 20 January, and takes the oath of office.Americans over the age of 18 have the right to vote, but only about 60% of them take part in presidential elections and voter turnout for other elections is even lower. On election day, voters go to polling stations where they first have to sign their name in a book that lists all the voters in the precinct (= area) and then cast a vote. Some states use computerized voting systems and in others voters pull down a metal lever next to the name of the person they want to vote for, which counts the votes. It is possible to select all the candidates from one party, which is called voting a straight ticket, but many voters choose candidates from both parties and vote a split ticket. In both the US and Britain, journalists and pollsters are allowed to ask people how they voted and these exit polls help to predict election results. However, the results of exit polls may not be announced until polling stations everywhere have closed, in case they influence the result.Extra ExamplesTopics Politicsb1All counties have now certified their election returns. 所有的县都已确认了各自的选举结果。 Education is a key election issue. 教育是竞选中的一个重要议题。 Elections are scheduled for November. 选举定于 11 月举行。 It was successful in rallying voters at election time. 选举时召集选民队伍的举措获得成功。 Membership of the committee is by election. 委员会成员经由选举产生。 Predicting the result of close elections is a perilous game. 要预言一场势均力敌的选举结果，是个冒险的事。 The Governor faces an unprecedented recall election. 州长正面临着前所未有的罢免选举。 The US is reaching the end of its latest presidential election cycle. 美国最近的总统选举周期即将结束。 The election turnout in 2018 was high. 2018年的选举投票率很高。 The party swept Turkish elections in November. 该党在土耳其 11 月的选举中大获全胜。 The party won a landslide election. 该政党在选举中赢得压倒性胜利。 The people will decide this election and they will prove all the polls wrong. 民众将决定这次选举，同时将证明所有的民意调查都是错的。 The prime minister may decide to call an early election. 首相可能决定提前举行大选。 The violence in the country will not derail the elections. 该国的暴力事件不会影响选举的进程。 They demanded a rerun of the disputed presidential election. 他们要求推翻这场有争议的总统选举，进行重选。 a bitterly disputed election 一场有激烈争议的选举 claims that voter fraud had stolen the election for the Republicans 共和党胜选的投票人舞弊之说 opinion poll results in the run-up to elections 选举前的民意测验结果 the democratic concept of popular elections 普选的民主观念 the scheduled Lebanese elections in May 预定在 5 月举行的黎巴嫩选举 votes which could swing the entire national election 可以改变整个国家选举结果的投票 He first stood for election when he was 21. 21岁时他首次参加竞选。 It will be a hard-fought election campaign. 这将是一场艰苦的竞选活动。 She's yet to say whether she will be running for election. 她还没有明确表示是否参加竞选。 The country's first free elections took place in 1990. 该国第一次自由选举于1990年举行。 The first election results will be coming in very soon. 第一次选举结果很快会公布。 The party promised this in their election manifesto. 该党在竞选宣言中承诺了这一点。 the upcoming/forthcoming election 即将到来的选举 an election candidate/official 选举候选人/官员 The black vote will help determine the outcome of this election. 黑人投票将有助于决定这次选举的结果。
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective- clean
- fair
- free
- …
- conduct
- have
- hold
- …
- take place
- be due
- be scheduled for
- …
- campaign
- manifesto
- pledge
- …
- at a/the election
- in a/the election
- by election
- …
- the outcome of an election
- the run-up to an election
- [uncountable]
the fact of having been chosen by election 当选 Her election will mark a new beginning for the country. 她的当选将标志着这个国家的新开端。 - election as something
We welcome his election as president. 我们欢迎他当选总统。 - election to something
a year after her election to the committee 她获选进入该委员会之后一年 Since his election to the Senate, he has been an ardent gay rights supporter. 自从当选参议员以来，他一直是同性恋权利的热情支持者。
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective- clean
- fair
- free
- …
- conduct
- have
- hold
- …
- take place
- be due
- be scheduled for
- …
- campaign
- manifesto
- pledge
- …
- at a/the election
- in a/the election
- by election
- …
- the outcome of an election
- the run-up to an election
Word OriginMiddle English: via Old French from Latin electio(n-), from eligere ‘pick out’, from e- (variant of ex-) ‘out’ + legere ‘to pick’.