- (formal)
something that supports or forms the basis of an argument, a claim, etc. 加強，鞏固，構成（…的基礎等） the theoretical underpinnings of the study 這項研究的理論基礎
- (specialist)
the act of supporting a wall and making it stronger by putting metal, concrete (= a hard building material), etc. under it; the metal, concrete, etc. that supports the wall 支撐： 通過在其下放置金屬，混凝土等來支撐牆壁並使其堅固的行爲；支撐牆壁的金屬，混凝土等The only way to save the building is through extensive underpinning. 拯救這座建築的唯一方法是進行大規模的托換。
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underpinning
Important thing or detail: feature, priority, element...
Frames and supports for structures: frame, foundation, support...
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