a small closed part that grows on a plant and from which a flower, leaf or stem develops; a flower or leaf that is not fully open 半開的花；未長大的葉 
Collocations The living worldTopics Plants and treesc1The living world 生物界 Animals 動物 - animals mate/breed/reproduce/feed (on something)
動物交配／繁育／繁殖／以…爲食 - fish/amphibians swim/spawn (= lay eggs)
魚／兩栖動物遊動／産卵 - birds fly/migrate/nest/sing
鳥飛翔／遷徙／築巢／啼叫 - insects crawl/fly/bite/sting
昆蟲爬／飛／咬／叮 - insects/bees/locusts swarm
昆蟲／蜜蜂／蝗蟲成群地飛來飛去 - bees collect/gather nectar/pollen
蜜蜂采蜜／花粉 - spiders spin/weave a web
蜘蛛結網／織網 - snakes/lizards shed their skins
蛇／蜥蜴蛻皮 - bears/hedgehogs/frogs hibernate
熊／刺猬／青蛙冬眠 - insect larvae grow/develop/pupate
昆蟲的幼蟲生長／發育／化蛹 - an egg/a chick/a larva hatches
卵孵化；小雞出殼；幼蟲孵出 - attract/find/choose a mate
吸引／找到／選擇配偶 - produce/release eggs/sperm
産卵；排卵；産生／釋放精子 - lay/fertilize/incubate/hatch eggs
産卵；使卵受精；孵卵 - inhabit a forest/a reef/the coast
栖居於森林／礁石／海岸 - mark/enter/defend (a) territory
標出／進入／保衛領地 - stalk/hunt/capture/catch/kill prey
悄悄接近／獵殺／捕獲／殺死獵物
Plants and fungi 植物和真菌 - trees/plants grow/bloom/blossom/flower
樹木／植物生長／開花 - a seed germinates/sprouts
種子發芽 - leaves/buds/roots/shoots appear/develop/form
葉子／花蕾／根莖／幼苗長出來／長大／成形 - flower buds swell/open
花蕾含苞欲放／綻放 - a fungus grows/spreads/colonizes something
菌類生長／擴散／長滿… - pollinate/fertilize a flower/plant
給花／植物授粉 - produce/release/spread/disperse pollen/seeds/spores
長出／傳播花粉／種子／孢子 - produce/bear fruit
結果 - develop/grow/form roots/shoots/leaves
長出根莖／嫩芽／葉子 - provide/supply/absorb/extract/release nutrients
提供／吸收／提取／釋放營養物 - perform/increase/reduce photosynthesis
進行／增加／減少光合作用
Bacteria and viruses 細菌和病毒 - bacteria/microbes/viruses grow/spread/multiply
細菌／微生物／病毒生長／擴散／繁殖 - bacteria/microbes live/thrive in/on something
細菌／微生物在…中存活／大量生長 - bacteria/microbes/viruses evolve/colonize something/cause disease
細菌／微生物／病毒進化／長滿…／引發疾病 - bacteria break something down/convert something (into something)
細菌（將某物）分解／轉化（成某物） - a virus enters/invades something/the body
病毒進入／侵入某物／身體 - a virus mutates/evolves/replicates (itself)
病毒變異／演化／（自我）複制 - be infected with/contaminated with/exposed to a new strain of a virus/drug-resistant bacteria
感染上／接觸到一種新病毒／抗藥性細菌 - contain/carry/harbour bacteria/a virus
帶有細菌／病毒 - kill/destroy/eliminate harmful/deadly bacteria
殺滅有害的／致命的細菌
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective- flower
- leaf
- rose
- …
- appear
- burst
- open
- …
- in bud
- animals mate/breed/reproduce/feed (on something)
- (also buddy)(North American English, informal)
used to speak to a man you do not know （稱呼不認識的男子）老兄，喂 see also cotton bud, rosebud, taste bud
Word Originnoun sense 1 late Middle English: of unknown origin. noun sense 2 mid19th cent.: abbreviation of buddy.
Idioms
nip something in the bud
to stop something when it has just begun because you can see that problems will come from it 將…扼殺在萌芽狀態；防患於未然