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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 2510 COCA: 2692

infection

noun
 
/ɪnˈfekʃn/
/ɪnˈfekʃn/
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  1.  
     [uncountable] the act or process of causing or getting a disease传染；感染
    • to cause/prevent infection引起/防止感染
    • Vaccination is essential to protect people exposed to hepatitis B infection.接种疫苗对保护和乙型肝炎病毒接触的人群是至关重要的。
    • The drugs slow down the progression of HIV infection.这些药物减缓了艾滋病毒感染的进程。
    • Bacterial infection of the wound may occur.伤口可能会发生细菌感染。
    • to increase the risk of infection增加传染的危险
    • The rate of infection is highest in the north-west of the country.该国西北部的感染率最高。
    • infection by something Birds are susceptible to infection by the virus.鸟类容易被病毒感染。
    • infection with something Infection with malaria parasites may result in a wide variety of symptoms.感染疟疾寄生虫可能会导致多种症状。
    see also cross-infection compare contagion
    Extra Examples
    • Taking vitamin C builds up your resistance to infection.摄取维生素 C 可以增强对传染病的抵抗力。
    • The urethra was the primary site of infection.尿道是原发感染部位。
    • The virus affects the body's immune system so that it cannot fight infection.这种病毒会影响身体的免疫系统，使身体不能抵抗感染。
    • We are trying to trace the source of infection.我们正在努力查找传染源。
    • infection from sewage water污水引起的感染
    • infection of people by the virus病毒引起人的感染
    • infection through unsafe sex因不安全性行为导致的感染
    • infection with bacteria细菌感染
    • to protect the body from infection保护身体免受感染
    • The primary medical danger of rubella is the infection of pregnant women.风疹的主要医疗危险是孕妇感染。
    Topics Illnessb2
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective
    • nasty
    • serious
    • severe
    • …
    verb + infection
    • have
    • suffer
    • suffer from
    • …
    infection + verb
    • develop
    • occur
    • spread
    • …
    preposition
    • in infection
    • infection from
    • infection through
    • …
    phrases
    • a cause of infection
    • the onset of infection
    • resistance to infection
    • …
    See full entry
  2.  
     [countable] an illness that is caused by bacteria or a virus and that affects one part of the body（身体某部位的）感染；传染病
    • an ear/a chest infection耳朵/胸部感染
    • a urinary tract/respiratory infection尿路/呼吸道感染
    • a viral/bacterial infection病毒/细菌感染
    • a media campaign to raise awareness about sexually transmitted infections提高对性传播疾病认识的媒体宣传活动
    • to cause an infection引起感染
    • Sneezing is the most common way of spreading an infection.打喷嚏是传染疾病的最常见途径。
    • infection of something a fungal infection of the skin皮肤真菌感染
    Extra Examples
    • He's been off work with a throat infection.他因咽喉感染而歇班。
    • an infection that occurs in swans在天鹅中出现的传染病
    • They want to prevent the infection spreading to other parts of the body.他们想阻止感染向身体的其他部位扩散。
    • The infection is passed on through the horse feed.这种传染病是通过马饲料传播的。
    • The drug must be taken from the onset of the infection.这种药必须在感染发作初期就服用。
    • Almost all the sheep on the farm carried the infection.农场里几乎所有的绵羊都携带这种致病菌。
    • Goats appear to be more susceptible to the infection than sheep.山羊似乎比绵羊更容易受感染。
    • He's suffering from an acute infection of the lower respiratory tract.他患有急性下呼吸道感染。
    • He's suffering from an acute lung infection.他患了急性肺部感染。
    • Heavy lung infections may result in pneumonia.严重的肺部感染可能会引起肺炎。
    • If the primary infection is not treated further outbreaks may occur.如果初次感染得不到治疗，就可能会进一步发作。
    • In acute infections of the urinary tract the patient may suffer severe pain.患急性尿路感染的病人可能会出现剧烈疼痛。
    • Normally, white blood cells fight off and kill infections.正常情况下，白细胞能抵抗并消灭传染病菌。
    • Over 90% of all new infections occur in the developing world.新感染的病例 90% 以上出现在发展中国家。
    • She's always getting chest infections.她的胸腔总是感染。
    Topics Illnessb2 see also yeast infection
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective
    • nasty
    • serious
    • severe
    • …
    verb + infection
    • have
    • suffer
    • suffer from
    • …
    infection + verb
    • develop
    • occur
    • spread
    • …
    preposition
    • in infection
    • infection from
    • infection through
    • …
    phrases
    • a cause of infection
    • the onset of infection
    • resistance to infection
    • …
    See full entry
    3. Word Originlate Middle English: from late Latin infectio(n-), from Latin inficere ‘dip in, taint’, from in- ‘into’ + facere ‘put, do’.
Synonyms diseasedisease
  • illness
  • disorder
  • infection
  • condition
  • ailment
  • bug
These are all words for a medical problem.
  • disease a medical problem affecting humans, animals or plants, often caused by infection:
    • He suffers from a rare blood disease.他患有一种罕见的血液病。
  • illness a medical problem, or a period of suffering from one:
    • She died after a long illness.她久病不愈而亡。
disease or illness?用 disease 还是 illness？Disease is used to talk about more severe physical medical problems, especially those that affect the organs. Illness is used to talk about both more severe and more minor medical problems, and those that affect mental health: heart/​kidney/​liver illness • mental disease. Disease is not used about a period of illness: She died after a long disease.
  • disorder (rather formal) an illness that causes a part of the body to stop functioning correctly:指失调、紊乱、不适、疾病：
    • a rare disorder of the liver.一种罕见的肝病
    A disorder is generally not infectious. Disorder is used most frequently with words relating to mental problems, for example psychiatric, personality, mental and eating. When it is used to talk about physical problems, it is most often used with blood, bowel and kidney, and these are commonly serious, severe or rare.
  • infection an illness that is caused by bacteria or a virus and that affects one part of the body:
    • a throat infection喉部感染
  • condition a medical problem that you have for a long time because it is not possible to cure it:
    • a heart condition心脏病
  • ailment (rather formal) an illness that is not very serious:指轻病、小恙：
    • childhood ailments儿童期小病
  • bug (informal) an infectious illness that is usually fairly mild:指轻微的传染病、小病：
    • a nasty flu bug严重的流感
Patterns
  • to have/​suffer from a(n) disease/​illness/​disorder/​infection/​condition/​ailment/​bug
  • to catch/​contract/​get/​pick up a(n) disease/​illness/​infection/​bug
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