- [countable]
a piece cut from a living plant and fixed in a cut made in another plant, so that it grows there; the process or result of doing this 接穗；嫁接 A healthy shoot should form a strong graft. 健康的嫩枝可作强壮的接穗。
- [countable]
a piece of skin, bone, etc. removed from a living body and placed in another part of the body that has been damaged; the process or result of doing this 移植物，移植片（皮肤或骨骼等）；移植 Linda had to undergo four skin grafts. 琳达必须接受 4 次植皮手术。 If the skin graft takes, surgeons will do another operation a few weeks later. 如果皮肤移植成功，几周后外科医生就会施行另一项手术。
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective- bone
- skin
- do
- undergo
- take
- [uncountable] (British English, informal)
hard work 艰苦的工作 Extra ExamplesMost of the graft was done for them by their assistants. 大部份艰苦的工作都是由他们的助手做的。 Starting a new business involves a lot of hard graft. 新开办一家公司需要付出大量艰辛的努力。
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective- hard
- do
- [uncountable] (especially North American English)
the use of illegal or unfair methods, especially bribery, to gain advantage in business, politics, etc.; money obtained in this way 行贿；贿赂；受贿；赃款 He promised an end to graft and corruption in public life. 他承诺结束公共事务中的贿赂和腐败行为。
Word Originnoun senses 1 to 2 late Middle English graff, from Old French grafe, via Latin from Greek graphion ‘stylus, writing implement’ (with reference to the tapered tip of the scion), from graphein ‘write’. The final -t is typical of phonetic confusion between -f and -ft at the end of words; compare with tuft. noun sense 3 mid 19th cent.: perhaps related to the phrase spade's graft ‘the amount of earth that one stroke of a spade will move’, based on Old Norse grǫftr ‘digging’. noun sense 4 mid 19th cent.: of unknown origin.