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crisis noun
⇨ crisis (a political crisis) ⇨ turning point (The fever has passed its crisis.) crisis crisis ♦︎ emergency ♦︎ disaster ♦︎ tragedy ♦︎ catastrophe ♦︎ calamity These are all words for an unexpected situation or event that creates difficulties for sb/sth, kills a lot of people or causes a lot of damage. 这些词均表示危机、危难、灾难。 SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺 下图显示这些词所表达危难的严重程度
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配 ◆ a crisis / disaster / tragedy / catastrophe / calamity for sb ◆ in a crisis / an emergency◆ a major crisis / emergency / disaster / tragedy / catastrophe / calamity ◆ a great crisis / disaster / tragedy / catastrophe / calamity ◆ a / an awful / dreadful / terrible disaster / tragedy / catastrophe / calamity ◆ a potential crisis / disaster / tragedy / catastrophe ◆ a national crisis / emergency / disaster / tragedy / catastrophe / calamity ◆ an environmental crisis / emergency / disaster / tragedy / catastrophe ◆ a / an ecological / personal crisis / disaster / tragedy / catastrophe ◆ a / an economic / financial crisis / disaster / catastrophe ◆ a nuclear disaster / catastrophe ◆ to cause a crisis / a disaster / a tragedy / a catastrophe ◆ to bring disaster / tragedy / catastrophe / calamity ◆ to deal with / cope with a crisis / an emergency / a disaster ◆ to avert a crisis / disaster / tragedy / catastrophe / calamity ◆ a disaster / tragedy / catastrophe / calamity happens / occurs ◆ disaster / tragedy / catastrophe strikes ■ crisis ˈkraɪsɪs (plural crises crisiːz [countable , uncountable ] a time of great danger, difficulty or uncertainty when problems must be solved or important decisions must be made 危机；危急关头 ◆ It is hoped that his resignation will end the latest political crisis in the country.大家希望他的辞职能够结束该国最近的政治危机。 ◆ The party was facing an identity crisis .该党当时正面临自身认同的危机。 ◆ The party was suffering a crisis of confidence among its supporters (= they did not trust it any longer) .当时这个政党正面对其支持者对党的信任危机。 ◆ The business is still in crisis but it has survived the worst of the recession.这家公司虽然仍处于危机之中，但已经挺过了经济衰退最严重的日子。 ◆ In times of crisis I know which friends I can turn to.在危难关头我知道能投靠哪些朋友。 ■ emergency [countable , uncountable ] a sudden serious and dangerous event or situation which needs immediate action to deal with it 突发事件；紧急情况 ◆ This door should only be used in an emergency.此门仅限紧急情况下使用。 ◆ I always have some extra cash with me for emergencies .我总是随身多带点现金以备不时之需。 ◆ The government has declared a state of emergency following the earthquake.地震发生后政府已经宣布进入紧急状态。 ◆ There is an emergency exit (= to be used in an emergency) on each side of the aeroplane.飞机每侧均有一个紧急出口。 ■ disaster [countable , uncountable ] an unexpected event such as a very bad accident, a flood or a fire that kills a lot of people or causes a lot of damage 灾难；灾祸；灾害 ◆ Thousands died in the disaster.数千人在这场灾祸中丧生。 ◆ They were involved in the 2001 ferry disaster.他们被牵扯到2001年的渡船灾难事件。 ◆ They will not insure you against a natural disaster (= one that is caused by nature) .他们不会为自然灾害提供保险。 ◆ Although there was always the possibility of flooding, the Nile seldom brought disaster to Egypt.尽管总是有可能发生洪水，尼罗河却很少给埃及带来灾难。 disaster ⇨ disaster , disastrous ⇨ disastrous ■ tragedy ˈtrædʒədi [countable , uncountable ] a very sad event or situation, especially one that involves death （尤指有人身亡的）悲惨的事，不幸，灾难 ◆ It's a tragedy that she died so young.她英年早逝是一大悲哀。 ◆ Tragedy struck the family when their three-year-old son was hit by a car and killed.这个家庭惨遭不幸，他们三岁的儿子被汽车撞死了。 ◆ The whole affair ended in tragedy .整件事以悲剧告终。 tragic ⇨ sad ■ catastrophe kəˈtæstrəfi [countable ] a sudden disaster that causes many people to suffer 灾难；灾祸；横祸 ◆ Early warnings of rising water levels prevented another major catastrophe.提前发布水位上涨警报避免了又一重大灾难。 catastrophe ⇨ disaster , catastrophic ⇨ disastrous NOTE 辨析 Either disaster or catastrophe can be used with such words as nuclear , environmental , ecological and economic , but disaster is preferred when you are talking about a famous event in which people were killed. * disaster和catastrophe均可与nuclear、environmental、ecological和economic等词搭配，但谈论广为人知的涉及人员死亡的事件时多倾向用disaster ◆ the Chernobyl / Lockerbie / Challenger disaster切尔诺贝利／洛克比／挑战者号灾难 ■ calamity kəˈlæməti [countable , uncountable ] an event that causes great harm, especially to the political or financial affairs of a country or organization, or to sb's personal life 灾难，灾祸（尤指对国家或机构的政治或财政方面，或对个人生活方面造成重大打击的事件） ◆ Sudan suffered a series of calamities during the 1980s.苏丹在20世纪80年代经受了一连串灾难。 ◆ His financial help saved the magazine from total calamity.他的资金援助将那本杂志从彻底的危难中拯救出来。 ⓘ A calamity is less serious than a disaster or catastrophe and is not usually used for an event in which people die. * calamity严重性比disaster和catastrophe要低，通常不指有人员死亡的事件。
noun
| crisis | ➔ | calamity | ➔ | disaster |
| emergency | tragedy | |||
| catastrophe |
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