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BNC: 1784 COCA: 1346

jump

verb
 
/dʒʌmp/
/dʒʌmp/
Verb Forms
present simple I / you / we / they jump
/dʒʌmp/
/dʒʌmp/
he / she / it jumps
/dʒʌmps/
/dʒʌmps/
past simple jumped
/dʒʌmpt/
/dʒʌmpt/
past participle jumped
/dʒʌmpt/
/dʒʌmpt/
-ing form jumping
/ˈdʒʌmpɪŋ/
/ˈdʒʌmpɪŋ/
Idioms Phrasal Verbs
jump to other results

    move off/to ground跳

  1.  
     [intransitive] to move quickly off the ground or away from a surface by pushing yourself with your legs and feet跳；跃；跳跃
    • ‘Quick, jump!’ he shouted.“赶快，跳！” 他大声叫道。
    • jump + adv./prep. She jumped into the water to save them.她跳进水里去救他们。
    • He jumped into the air and started cheering.他跳到空中，开始欢呼。
    • She jumped down from the chair.她从椅子上跳了下来。
    • The children were jumping up and down with excitement.孩子们兴奋得跳来跳去。
    • The pilot jumped from the burning plane (= with a parachute).飞行员从着火的飞机跳伞了。
    • He killed himself by jumping off a bridge.他跳桥自杀了。
    • jump + noun She has jumped 2.2 metres.她跳了 2.2 米。
    Extra Examples
    • He tried to jump back on board.他试图跳回船上。
    • She jumped up onto the table.她跳到了桌子上。
    • Stop jumping on the furniture!不要在家具上跳了！
    • They all jumped for joy and hugged each other.他们全都高兴地跳起来并互相拥抱。
    • The dog kept jumping up at me.那只狗不停地往我身上扑。
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadverb
    • suddenly
    • almost
    • nearly
    • …
    verb + jump
    • try to
    preposition
    • from
    • into
    • off
    • …
    phrases
    • jump for joy
    See full entry
    2.

    pass over something跨跃

  2.  
     [intransitive, transitive] to pass over something by jumping跳过；跃过；跨越 synonym leap
    • jump over something He jumped over the wall to get away.他跳过墙逃走了。
    • jump something Can you jump that gate?你能跳过那篱笆门吗？
    • He jumped the stream and carried on up the hill.他跳过小溪，继续上山。
    • His horse fell as it jumped the last hurdle.他的马在跨越最后一个栏时跌倒了。
    • jump something over something I jumped my horse over all the fences.我纵马跃过了所有的障碍物。
    Topics Sports: other sportsa2

    3. move quickly快速移动

  3.  
     [intransitive] jump + adv./prep. to move quickly and suddenly突然快速移动
    • He jumped to his feet when they called his name.他们叫到他的名字时他一下子就站了起来。
    • She jumped up and ran out of the room.她蓦地跳起来跑出房间。
    • Do you want a ride? Jump in.你想搭车吗？快上来吧。
    • He jumped out of the car and disappeared into the building.他跳下车，消失在大楼里。
    • When she heard the news, she immediately jumped on a plane to France.一听到这个消息，她立刻搭乘飞机飞往法国。
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadverb
    • slightly
    • immediately
    • instantly
    • …
    verb + jump
    • make somebody
    preposition
    • in
    phrases
    • jump out of your skin
    See full entry
  4.  
     [intransitive] to make a sudden movement because of surprise, fear or excitement（因吃惊、害怕或激动而）猛地一动，突然一跳
    • A loud bang made me jump.砰的一声巨响吓我一跳。
    • Her heart jumped when she heard the news.听到那消息她的心猛地一跳。
    Extra Examples
    • He crept up behind me and made me jump.他蹑手蹑脚地走到我背后，吓了我一跳。
    • She jumped slightly at the sound of the bell.听到铃声她微微跳了一下。
    Topics Feelingsb1
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadverb
    • slightly
    • immediately
    • instantly
    • …
    verb + jump
    • make somebody
    preposition
    • in
    phrases
    • jump out of your skin
    See full entry
    5.

    increase增加

  5.  
     [intransitive] to rise suddenly by a large amount突升；猛涨；激增 synonym leap
    • jump by… Prices jumped by 60% last year.去年，物价暴涨 60%。
    • jump (from…) (to…) Sales jumped from $2.7 billion to $3.5 billion.销售额从 27 亿美元猛增到 35 亿美元。
    • Your interest rate might suddenly jump at the end of the fixed period.在固定期限结束时，你的利率可能会突然上升。
    • jump + noun The FTSE 100 benchmark index jumped 199.9 points.富时100指数(FTSE 100)基准指数上涨199.9点。
    Extra Examples
    • Profits jumped by 15 per cent during the year.这一年的利润增长了15%。
    • Shares jumped from 2p to 222p.股价从2便士跃升至222便士。
    Topics Change, cause and effectb2

    6. change suddenly突然改变

  6. [intransitive] jump (about/around) (from something to something) to change suddenly from one subject to another突然改变，突然转换（话题、题目）
    • I couldn't follow the talk because he kept jumping about from one topic to another.我听不明白他的讲话，因为他老是转换话题。
    • The story then jumps from her childhood in New York to her first visit to London.故事接着从她在纽约的童年一下子转到她第一次去伦敦。
    7.

    leave out略去

  7. [transitive] jump something to leave out something and pass to a further point or stage略去；略过；跳过
    • You seem to have jumped several steps in the argument.你在论证中似乎略去了好几个步骤。
    8.

    of machine/device机器；器具

  8. [intransitive] (+ adv./prep.) to move suddenly and unexpectedly, especially out of the correct position突然跳出正常位置；意外地离开正常位置
    • The needle jumped across the dial.指针突然从刻度盘的一端跳到另一端。
    9.

    attack袭击

  9. [transitive, intransitive] jump (on) somebody (informal) to attack somebody suddenly突然袭击（某人）；猛地扑向（某人）
    • The thieves jumped him in a dark alleyway.一伙盗贼在一条漆黑的小巷里突然扑向他。
    10.

    vehicle车辆

  10. [transitive] jump something (North American English) to get on a vehicle very quickly, especially in a way that is dangerous or illegal跳上（车辆等）
    • to jump a bus跳上公共汽车
  11. (North American English)
    (also jump-start British and North American English)
    jump something to start the engine of a car by connecting the battery to the battery of another car with jump leads用跨接引线启动（汽车发动机）
  12. (North American English)
    (also jump-start British and North American English)
    jump something to put a lot of energy into starting a process or an activity or into making it start more quickly愤怒地反驳；猛烈回击某人

    13. be lively活泼

  13. be jumping
     [intransitive] (informal) to be very lively欢跃；雀跃
    • The bar's jumping tonight.今晚酒吧里气氛活跃。
    14. Word Originearly 16th cent. (in the sense ‘be moved or thrown with a sudden jerk’): probably imitative of the sound of feet coming into contact with the ground.
Idioms
be jumping up and down
  1. (informal) to be very angry or excited about something暴跳如雷；欢欣雀跃
    • The local residents are jumping up and down complaining about the noise.当地居民上蹿下跳地抱怨噪音。
climb/jump on the bandwagon
  1. (informal, disapproving) to join others in doing something that is becoming fashionable because you hope to become popular or successful yourself赶时髦；追随潮流
    • politicians eager to jump on the environmental bandwagon急于随大溜加入环保行列的政客们
    Topics Successc2
jump/skip bail
  1. to fail to appear at your trial after you have paid money to be allowed to go free until the trial闯红灯
    • He skipped bail and went on the run for two weeks.他弃保潜逃，逃亡了两周。
jump/be thrown in at the deep end
  1. (informal) to start or be made to start a new and difficult activity that you are not prepared for（使）陷入未曾料到的艰难处境，一筹莫展
    • Junior hospital doctors are thrown in at the deep end in their first jobs.医院的初级医生开始工作时会遇上未曾料到的困难。
    • The company believes in throwing new employees in at the deep end with no training.该公司认为应该不经培训就让新员工从困难的部份做起。
jump down somebody’s throat
  1. (informal) to react very angrily to somebody愤怒地反驳；猛烈回击某人
jump the gun
  1. to do something too soon, before the right time抢跑；过早行动
jump the lights (British English)
(also run a (red) light, run the lights especially in North American English)
  1. (informal) to fail to stop at a red traffic light闯红灯Topics Crime and punishmentc2, Transport by car or lorryc2
jump out of your skin
  1. (informal) to move violently because of a sudden shock大吃一惊；吓一大跳
    • She nearly jumped out of her skin when she saw me.她见到我时大吃一惊。
jump the queue (British English)
(North American English cut in line, jump the line)
  1. to go to the front of a line of people without waiting for your turn插队；加塞儿；不按次序排队
    • She jumped the queue at the ticket counter.她在售票柜台插队。
    • (figurative) Because he had money, he was able to jump the queue and get treatment that was not available to other people.因为他有钱，所以他能够插队并得到其他人得不到的治疗。
jump the rails
  1. (of a train火车) to leave the track suddenly出轨；脱轨
jump the shark
  1. (used especially about a television series, etc.) to include something that is very hard to believe as an attempt to keep people watching, usually a sign that the show is not as good as it used to be （尤指电视剧等）为抓人眼球而加入荒诞的内容
    • Has the show finally jumped the shark?这档节目为刺激收视，最终加入荒诞不经的内容了吗？
jump ship
  1. to leave the ship on which you are serving, without permission擅自弃职离船Topics Transport by waterc2
  2. to leave an organization that you belong to, suddenly and unexpectedly擅自离队；擅离职守
jump through hoops
  1. to do something difficult or complicated in order to achieve something（为达到目的而）经受磨难
    • You have to jump through so many hoops to get a job like this.要得到这样一份工作，你必须经历许多困难。
    Topics Successc2
jump/leap to conclusions | jump/leap to the conclusion that…
  1. to make a decision about somebody/something too quickly, before you know or have thought about all the facts匆忙下结论；贸然断定
    • There I go again—jumping to conclusions.我又犯老毛病了——匆忙草率地下结论。
    Extra Examples
    • Don't jump to conclusions.别匆忙下结论。
    • We don't want to jump to the wrong conclusion.我们不想因匆忙而得出错误结论。
jump to it
(North American English also hop to it)
  1. (informal) used to tell somebody to hurry and do something quickly赶快；加油；快点干

jump

noun
 
/dʒʌmp/
/dʒʌmp/
Idioms
jump to other results

    movement运动

  1.  
     an act of jumping跳；跃；跳跃
    • to do a parachute jump跳伞
    • jump of… a jump of over six metres六米多的一跳
    • jump from something Somehow he survived the jump from the third floor of the building.不知怎么的，他从四楼跳下来竟然没摔死。
    see also broad jump, bungee jump, high jump, long jump, ski jump, triple jump
    Extra Examples
    • She managed a jump of 1.6 metres.她成功跳过了1.6米。
    • Cats can clear six feet with a standing jump.猫纵身一跳可以跃出 6 英尺。
    • She made a jump for the river bank.她跳向河岸。
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective
    • little
    • running
    • standing
    • …
    verb + jump
    • make
    • take
    • do
    • …
    preposition
    • in the… jump
    • with a jump
    • jump into
    • …
    See full entry
    2.

    barrier障碍物

  2. a barrier like a narrow fence that a horse or a runner has to jump over in a race or competition（比赛中需跳过的）障碍物
    • The horse fell at the last jump.那匹马在跨越最后一个障碍物时跌倒了。
    see also water jumpTopics Sports: other sportsa2

    3. increase增加

  3.  
     a sudden increase in amount, price or value突升；猛涨；激增
    • unusually large price jumps非同寻常的大幅度涨价
    • jump in something a 20 per cent jump in pre-tax profits税前利润 20% 的大幅增长
    Extra Examples
    • The sportswear company reports a jump in sales since the Olympics.这家运动服装公司的报告显示自奥运会以来销量猛增。
    • There's been no sudden jump, but a steady increase year on year.没有出现过骤增，而是每年稳步增长。
    Topics Change, cause and effectb2
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective
    • big
    • quantum
    • sharp
    • …
    verb + jump
    • make
    preposition
    • jump in
    See full entry
    4.

    change变化

  4. jump + adv./prep. a large or sudden change出轨；脱轨
    • Is he good enough to make the jump into Formula One?他的水平足以升入一级方程式比赛吗？
    • The story takes a jump back in time.这故事一转又回到以前发生的事情。
    • The negotiations took a jump forward yesterday (= they made progress).谈判昨天取得进展。
    • The new law is a jump into the unknown.这部新法律效果如何还是个未知数。
    5.

    sudden movement突然一动

  5. a sudden movement caused by shock or surprise（因吃惊、害怕或激动而）猛地一动，突然一跳
    • I sat up with a jump.我霍地坐起身来。
    • Her heart gave a little jump at his smile.她看到他微笑时心里扑腾了一下。
    6. Word Originearly 16th cent. (in the sense ‘be moved or thrown with a sudden jerk’): probably imitative of the sound of feet coming into contact with the ground.
Idioms
be for the high jump
  1. (British English, informal) to be going to be severely punished将遭到严厉惩罚
    • If I catch you cheating, you’ll be for the high jump.如果我发现你作弊，你会被罚参加跳高比赛。
(go and) take a running jump
  1. (old-fashioned, informal) used to tell somebody in a rude way to go away滚开；走开
    • Why didn’t you just tell him to take a running jump?你为什么不直接告诉他跑步跳跃？
to keep, etc. one jump ahead (of somebody)
  1. to keep your advantage over somebody, especially your competitors, by taking action before they do or by making sure you know more than they do（尤指竞争中比某人）有优势的地位，优先一步，略胜一筹
BNC: 1784 COCA: 1346
jump

noun¹

 1movement運動ADJECTIVE | VERB + JUMP | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤little小跳▸➤running, standing跑跳；立定跳◇Cats can clear six feet with a standing jump.貓縱身一跳可以躍出 6 英尺。➤broad, high, long, triple跳遠；跳高；三級跳遠▸➤bungee, parachute, ski蹦極；跳傘；跳台滑雪VERB + JUMP➤make跳◇She made a jump for the river bank.她跳向河岸。➤take跳起來◇He took a running jump and just managed to clear the stream.他助跑後起跳，恰好跳過了那條小溪。➤do進行⋯跳◇He's going to do a parachute jump for charity.他將為慈善事業進行一次跳傘表演。➤give跳一下◇Her heart gave a little jump at his smile.她看到他微笑時心裏撲騰了一下。PREPOSITION➤in the... jump在⋯跳躍（運動）中◇Allen won silver in the high jump.艾倫在跳高比賽中獲得銀牌。➤with a jump猛地◇I sat up with a jump (= suddenly).我猛地坐了起來。➤jump into (figurative) 迅速進入◇The new law is a jump into the unknown.這部新法律效果如何還是個未知數。➤jump onto迅速跳到⋯
jump

noun²

 2increase增長ADJECTIVE | VERB + JUMP | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤big, quantum大幅增長；飛躍➤sharp, sudden急劇增長；突增◇There's been no sudden jump, but a steady increase year on year.沒有出現過驟增，而是每年穩步增長。➤small微增VERB + JUMP➤make躍升◇Is he good enough to make the jump into Formula One?他的水平足以升入一級方程式比賽嗎？PREPOSITION➤jump in⋯的猛增◇The sportswear company reports a jump in sales since the Olympics.這家運動服裝公司的報告顯示自奧運會以來銷量猛增。
jump

verb¹

 1move off the ground跳起ADVERB | VERB + JUMP | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADVERB➤suddenly突然跳起▸➤almost, nearly, practically幾乎／近乎／差不多跳起來◇She practically jumped out of bed.她幾乎是從牀上跳下來的。➤about, around, back, down, in, off, out, up, up and down跳來跳去；跳回；跳下；跳進；跳開；跳出；向上跳；上下跳◇He was jumping up and down with excitement.他當時激動得蹦來跳去。➤overboard跳下船VERB + JUMP➤try to試圖跳◇He tried to jump back on board.他試圖跳回船上。PREPOSITION➤from從⋯跳◇He had to jump from a first floor window.他不得不從一樓窗戶跳出來。➤into, off, on跳入⋯；跳離⋯；在⋯上跳◇Stop jumping on the furniture!不要在傢具上跳了！➤onto跳上⋯◇She jumped up onto the table.她跳到了桌子上。➤out of, over跳出⋯；跳過⋯◇Can you jump over that fence?你能跳過那道柵欄嗎？➤through跳過⋯PHRASES➤jump for joy高興得跳起來◇They all jumped for joy and hugged each other.他們全都高興地跳起來並互相擁抱。
jump

verb²

 2move quickly or suddenly快速移動；突然移動ADVERB | VERB + JUMP | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADVERB➤slightly輕微一跳◇She jumped slightly at the sound of the bell.聽到鈴聲她微微跳了一下。➤immediately, instantly, quickly, suddenly立即／立刻／快速／突然行動◇When she heard the news she immediately jumped on a plane to France.一聽到這個消息，她立刻搭乘飛機飛往法國。➤ahead, back, backwards/backward, forward (all figurative) 往前跳；向後跳◇The movie then jumps ahead to twenty years in the future.影片隨後一下子跳到了 20 年後的未來。VERB + JUMP➤make sb嚇某人一跳◇There was a loud bang that made me jump.砰的一聲巨響嚇了我一跳。PREPOSITION➤in由於⋯跳起來◇He jumped in surprise.他吃驚得跳了起來。PHRASES➤jump out of your skin (figurative) 大吃一驚◇I nearly jumped out of my skin when he told me.他告訴我時，我嚇了一大跳。
BNC: 1784 COCA: 1346
jump verb
⇨ jump 1 (jump over the wall) ⇨ jump 2 (jump to your feet) ⇨ jump 3 (make sb jump) ⇨ soar (Prices jumped by 60%.)jump1

verb

 jump over the wall 跃过那堵墙jump to your feet 一下子站起来The loud bang made me jump. 那砰的一声巨响吓了我一跳。soarPrices jumped by 60%.jump ♦︎ leap ♦︎ hop ♦︎ vault ♦︎ bounce ♦︎ hurdleThese words all mean to make your body leave the ground by pushing with your legs and feet. 这些词均表示跳跃。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to jump / leap / hop / vault / hurdle over (sth)◆to jump / leap / hop / bounce up and down◆to jump / leap / hop about / around◆to jump / leap / vault / hurdle a fence / hedge / wall◆to jump / leap / hop 3 feet / 2 metres, etc.■ jump [intransitive, transitive] to move quickly off the ground by pushing yourself with your legs and feet; to pass over or across sth by doing this 跳；跳跃；跳过◆I held my nose and jumped into the water.我捏住鼻子跳进了水里。◆Can you jump over that fence?你能跳过那道篱笆吗？◆The dog kept jumping up at me.那只狗不停地往我身上扑。◆'Quick! Jump!' she shouted.“赶快！跳！”她大声叫道。◆He can jump over two metres.他能跳两米多。◆Her horse fell as it jumped the last fence.她的马在跨越最后一道障碍时跌倒了。▸ jump

noun

 [countable] ◆She managed a jump of 1.6 metres.她成功跳过了1.6米。■ leap (leapt, leapt or leaped, leaped) [intransitive, transitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) (written) to jump high or a long way 跳，跳跃，跳越（指跳得高或远）◆A dolphin suddenly leapt out of the water.一只海豚突然跃出了水面。◆The horse galloped on, leaping fences and hedges as it came to them.那匹马一路飞奔，跃过遇到的一道道围栏和树篱。▸ leap

noun

 [countable] ◆She took a flying leap and landed on the other side of the stream.她飞身跳到了小溪的对面。■ hop (-pp-) [intransitive](of a person) to jump on one foot; to move by jumping on one foot; (of an animal or bird) to move by jumping with all or both feet together （人）单脚跳行；（动物或鸟）齐足（或双足）跳行◆I couldn't put any weight on my ankle and had to hop everywhere.我的一个脚踝不能用力，不得不单脚跳来跳去。◆A robin was hopping around on the path.一只知更鸟在小路上跳来跳去。▸ hop

noun

 [countable] ◆He crossed the hall with a hop, a skip and a jump.他一个三级跳远穿过了大厅。■ vault vɔːlt [intransitive, transitive] (rather formal) to jump over an object in a single movement, using your hands or a pole to push you （用手支撑或撑杆）跳越，腾跃◆She vaulted over the gate and ran up the path.她用手一撑跃过栅栏门，沿着小路跑去。◆There's no way he could have vaulted the fence with that injury.他带着那么重的伤，无论如何都不可能越过篱笆墙。■ bounce [intransitive, transitive] to jump up and down on sth; to move a child up and down while they are sitting on your knee 弹跳；蹦；把（小孩）放在膝上颠着玩◆She bounced up and down excitedly on the bed.她兴奋地在床上蹦蹦跳跳。◆I bounced the baby on my knee while Pat did the dishes.帕特在洗碗，我就把孩子放在膝上颠着玩。■ hurdle ˈhɜːdl; NAmE ˈhɜːrdl [transitive, intransitive] to jump over sth while you are running （奔跑中）跳越，跨过◆He hurdled two steel barriers in an attempt to escape from the police.他跳过两个钢护栏，企图逃脱警察的追捕。◆She had to hurdle over three fences to reach the finishing line.她必须跨越三道栏才能到达终点线。   see also hurdle ⇨ barrier jump2

verb

 jump over the wall 跃过那堵墙jump to your feet 一下子站起来The loud bang made me jump. 那砰的一声巨响吓了我一跳。soarPrices jumped by 60%.jump ♦︎ leap ♦︎ spring ♦︎ hopThese words all mean to move quickly and suddenly. 这些词均表示突然快速移动。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to jump / leap / spring / hop up / down / out◆to jump / leap / spring / hop out of bed◆to jump / leap / spring to your feet◆to jump / leap / spring into action / the air◆to jump / leap / hop into bed / your car◆to jump / leap / hop onto your bike◆to jump / hop on a bus / plane / train◆to jump / hop in a taxi / cab◆Do you want a ride? Jump / Hop in.■ jump [intransitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) to move quickly and suddenly 快速移动；突然移动◆He jumped to his feet when they called his name.他们叫到他的名字时他一下子就站了起来。◆Jump in and I'll give you a lift.快上车，我送你去。■ leap (leapt, leapt or leaped, leaped) [intransitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) to move or do sth quickly and suddenly 猛冲；突然做（某事）◆She leapt out of bed.她突然翻身下了床。◆He leapt across the room to answer the door.他冲到房间另一头去开门。◆They leapt into action immediately.他们立即采取了行动。■ spring (sprang, sprung or , NAmE also sprung, sprung) [intransitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition 通常与副词或介词连用) to move suddenly and with one quick movement into the air or in a particular direction 跳；跃；蹦◆The cat crouched ready to spring.那猫弓起后背，准备跳跃。◆The attacker sprang out at him from a doorway.袭击者从门口跳出，朝他袭来。▸ spring

noun

 [countable] ◆With a spring, the cat leapt onto the table.■ hop (-pp-) [intransitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) (informal) to move or go somewhere quickly and suddenly, especially in, into or out of a vehicle, or to another town, city, etc. that is a relatively short distance away 突然快速去某处（尤指上下车或到不远的另一个地方去）◆Hop in. I'll drive you home.快上车吧，我载你回家。◆We hopped over to Paris for the weekend.我们奔到巴黎去过了个周末。ⓘ In American English hop can also be used with an object. 在美式英语中，hop也可作及物动词 [transitive] ◆ (NAmE) I hopped a plane for New York.我匆匆登上去纽约的飞机。 NOTE 辨析 Which word? Jump is used most frequently when you are talking about sb changing their body position quickly, especially getting to their feet very quickly ( jump up/to your feet). Leap is used typically for slightly longer distances ( leap across the room) and more figurative actions ( leap into action/to sb's defence). Spring is used especially about animals; you can spring out of bed/your chair/your car, but you can only spring into action (or life), in a more figurative sense. * jump最常指快速改变身体姿势，特别是指一下子站起身来(jump up/to your feet)；leap最常用于距离稍远的情况，如leap across the room（冲到房间另一端），或用于比喻义，如leap into action/to sb's defence（立即采取行动；挺身而出为某人辩护）；spring尤用于动物，可以说人spring out of bed/sb's chair/sb's car（从床上／椅子上／汽车上跳下来），但用于比喻义时只能说spring into action/life（突然行动起来／活跃起来）◆Spring in and I'll give you a lift. Hop is nearly always used about getting into or out of vehicles or travelling in a vehicle; it is the only one of these words that can be used about making a whole journey in a vehicle. * hop几乎总是指登上、离开或乘搭交通工具，是本组词汇中唯一可指乘搭交通工具完成整个旅程的词◆We jumped/leapt/sprang over to Paris for the weekend. jump3

verb

 jump over the wall 跃过那堵墙jump to your feet 一下子站起来The loud bang made me jump. 那砰的一声巨响吓了我一跳。soarPrices jumped by 60%.jump ♦︎ flinch ♦︎ cower ♦︎ cringe ♦︎ recoil ♦︎ shrinkThese words all mean to make a sudden movement or move back because you are surprised or afraid. 这些词均表示因受惊而猛地一动或后退。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to jump / flinch / cringe / recoil at sth◆to flinch / recoil / shrink from sth◆to flinch / cower / cringe / recoil in fear◆to make sb jump / flinch / cower / cringe / recoil■ jump [intransitive] to make a sudden movement because of surprise, fear or excitement （因吃惊、害怕或激动）猛地一动，突然一跳◆A loud bang made me jump.砰的一声巨响吓了我一跳。◆She nearly jumped out of her skin when she saw me.她见到我时大吃一惊。■ flinch [intransitive] to make a sudden movement with your face or body because of pain, fear or surprise （因疼痛、害怕或吃惊而突然）抽搐，退缩，畏缩◆She flinched away from the dog.她惊恐地躲开了那只狗。◆He met my gaze without flinching.他跟我对视，毫不畏缩。NOTE 辨析 Jump or flinch?You jump with your whole body, especially because you are surprised. Flinching may be a smaller movement of the face or part of the body, caused by pain or fear. * jump尤指因吃惊而全身猛地一动，flinch则指因疼痛或害怕而面部抽动或身体某个部位稍微动一下。■ cower ˈkaʊə(r) [intransitive] to bend low and/or backwards because you are frightened （因恐惧）蜷缩，畏缩，退缩◆A gun went off and people cowered behind walls and under tables.一声枪响，人们吓得蹲缩到墙后或桌子底下。■ cringe krɪndʒ [intransitive] to move back and/or away from sb because you are frightened 畏缩；怯退◆She cringed back from him, pressing herself against the stove.她从他面前怯退，身体紧贴到了炉子上。ⓘ Cringing can also be an inner feeling of embarrassment or fear. * cringe也可指内心感到尴尬或恐惧◆The very idea made him cringe inside.这个念头使他心里直发毛。 ■ recoil rɪˈkɔɪl (written) to move your body quickly away from sb/sth because you find them/it frightening or unpleasant （因恐惧或厌恶）退缩，闪避◆He recoiled in horror at the sight of the corpse.他一见到尸体就吓跑了。■ shrink (shrank, shrunk or shrunk, shrunk) (written) to move back or away from sb/sth because you are frightened or shocked （因恐惧或惊愕）退缩，闪避◆He shrank back against the wall as he heard them approaching.听见他们走过来，他退缩到墙根底下。NOTE 辨析 Cower, cringe or shrink?You cringe when you are afraid of a person, especially one who has power over you. You may cower or shrink when you are afraid of sth happening. * cringe指因惧怕某人而退缩，尤其是对自己有控制权的人；cower或shrink则指因害怕所发生的事情而退缩。
BNC: 1784 COCA: 1346

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