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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 2773 COCA: 3059

fabric

noun
 
/ˈfæbrɪk/
/ˈfæbrɪk/
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  1.  
    [uncountable, countable] material made by weaving wool, cotton, silk, etc., used for making clothes, curtains, etc. and for covering furniture织物；布料
    • They sell a wide variety of printed cotton fabric.他们出售多种印花棉布料。
    • furnishing fabrics室内装饰织品
    Synonyms fabricfabric
    • cloth
    • material
    • textile
    These are all words for woven or knitted cotton, silk, wool, etc, used for making things such as clothes and curtains, and for covering furniture.
    • fabric woven or knitted cotton, silk, wool, etc, used for making things such as clothes and curtains, and for covering furniture:
      • cotton fabric棉织物
      • furnishing fabrics室内装饰织物
      Fabric is often fairly strong material, and is often used when talking about covering furniture or making curtains.
    • cloth fabric made by weaving or knitting cotton, wool, silk, etc:
      • His bandages had been made from strips of cloth.他的绷带是用布条做的。
      Cloth is often fairly light material, especially in a form that has not been printed, treated, or prepared for use in any way. Cloth is frequently used in talking about buying and selling woven material.
    • material fabric used for making clothes, curtains, etc:
      • ‘What material is this dress made of?’ ‘Cotton.’“这件裙子是用什么料子做的？”“棉布。”
      Material is a more general word than fabric or cloth as it has the related meaning of ‘a substance that things can be made from’. It is not used when it might not be clear which type of material is meant: furnishing material • the material industry • a material manufacturer
    • textile any type of fabric made by weaving or knitting:
      • He owns a factory producing a range of textiles.他拥有一家工厂，生产一系列纺织品。
      • the textile industry纺织工业
      Textile is used mostly when talking about the business of making woven materials. The industry of making textiles is called textiles: He got a job in textiles.
    Patterns
    • woven/​cotton/​woollen fabric/​cloth/​material/​textiles
    • synthetic fabric/​material/​textiles
    • printed fabric/​cloth/​textiles
    • curtain/​dress fabric/​material
    Extra Examples
    • The fabric is woven on these machines.这种布是这些机器织的。
    • fabric swatches of the different types of mattress covering不同种类的床垫套的布料样品
    • rich fabric wall coverings色彩浓艳的墙布
    Topics Physics and chemistryb2, Clothes and Fashionb2, Shoppingb2
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective
    • beautiful
    • luxurious
    • rich
    • …
    … of fabric
    • length
    • piece
    • strip
    • …
    verb + fabric
    • make
    • produce
    • weave
    • …
    fabric + noun
    • conditioner
    • softener
    • swatch
    • …
    See full entry
  2.  
    [singular] the fabric (of something) (formal) the basic structure of a society, an organization, etc. that enables it to function successfully（社会、机构等的）结构
    • a trend which threatens the very fabric of society威胁社会基本结构的趋势
    Synonyms structurestructure
    • framework
    • form
    • composition
    • construction
    • fabric
    These are all words for the way the different parts of something combine together or the way that something has been made.
    • structure the way in which the parts of something are connected together or arranged; a particular arrangement of parts:
      • the structure of the building/​human body建筑物／人体结构
      • the social structure of society社会的社会结构
      • the grammatical structures of a language一种语言的语法结构
      • a salary structure工资结构
    • framework a set of beliefs, ideas or rules that forms the basis of a system or society:
      • The report provides a framework for further research.报告提供了进一步研究的原则。
    • form [U] the arrangement of parts in a whole, especially in a work of art or piece of writing:
      • As a photographer, shape and form were more important to him than colour.作为摄影师，形状和结构对他来说比颜色更重要。
    • composition [U] (rather formal) the different parts or people that combine to form something; the way in which they combine:
      • recent changes in the composition of the workforce劳动力组合最近的变化
    • construction [U] the way that something has been built or made:
      • ships of steel construction钢结构船
    • fabric (rather formal) the basic structure of a society or an organization that enables it to function successfully:指社会、机构等的基本结构：
      • This is a trend which threatens the very fabric of society.这趋势威胁社会的基本结构。
    Patterns
    • the basic structure/​framework/​form/​composition/​construction/​fabric of something
    • a simple/​complex structure/​framework/​form
    • the economic/​political/​social structure/​framework/​composition/​fabric of something
    • the chemical/​genetic structure/​composition of something
    Extra Examples
    • The government's policies have destroyed the social fabric.政府的各项政策已破坏了社会结构。
    • the basic fabric of family life家庭生活的基本结构
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective
    • basic
    • economic
    • moral
    • …
    verb + fabric
    • destroy
    • threaten
    phrases
    • the very fabric of something
    • the whole fabric of something
    See full entry
  3. [singular] the fabric (of something) the basic structure of a building, such as the walls, floor and roof（建筑物的）结构（如墙、地面、屋顶）
    • The city retains much of its historic fabric.这座城市保留着其历史结构的大部份。
    Topics Buildingsc2
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective
    • basic
    • economic
    • moral
    • …
    verb + fabric
    • destroy
    • threaten
    phrases
    • the very fabric of something
    • the whole fabric of something
    See full entry
    4. Word Originlate 15th cent.: from French fabrique, from Latin fabrica ‘something skilfully produced’, from faber ‘worker in metal, stone, etc.’ The word originally denoted a building, later a machine, the general sense being ‘something made’, hence sense (1) (mid 18th cent., originally denoting any manufactured material). Sense (2) dates from the mid 17th cent.

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