a person who has been forced to leave their country or home, because there is a war or for political, religious or social reasons 避难者；逃亡者；难民 There has been a steady flow of refugees from the war zone. 从交战地区撤出的难民源源不断。 political/economic refugees 政治避难者；由于经济危机而造成的难民 a refugee camp 难民营
Collocations Race and immigrationRace and immigration 种族与移民 Prejudice and racism 偏见与种族歧视 - experience/encounter racism/discrimination/prejudice/anti-semitism
经历／遭遇种族歧视／歧视／偏见／反犹太主义 - face/suffer persecution/discrimination
面临／遭受迫害／歧视 - fear/escape from/flee racial/political/religious persecution
惧怕／逃离种族／政治／宗教迫害 - constitute/be a form of racial/race discrimination
构成／是一种种族歧视 - reflect/reveal/show/have a racial/cultural bias
反映出／揭示出／表现出／具有种族／文化偏见 - be biased/be prejudiced against (especially British English) black people/(both especially North American English) people of color/African Americans/Asians/Africans/Indians, etc.
对黑人／有色人种／非裔美国人／亚洲人／非洲人／印度人等有偏见 - discriminate against minority groups/minorities
歧视少数群体／少数民族 - perpetuate/conform to/fit/defy a common/popular/traditional/negative stereotype
固守／遵从／符合／藐视普遍的／流行的／传统的／负面的模式化观念 - overcome/be blinded by deep-seated/racial/(especially North American English) race prejudice
克服根深蒂固的／种族的偏见；被根深蒂固的／种族的偏见所蒙蔽 - entrench/perpetuate racist attitudes
固守种族主义的态度 - hurl/shout (especially British English) racist abuse; (especially North American English) a racist/racial/ethnic slur
高声地进行种族污辱 - challenge/confront racism/discrimination/prejudice
拒绝接受／对抗种族主义／歧视／偏见 - combat/fight (against)/tackle blatant/overt/covert/subtle/institutional/systemic racism
打压／反对／处理公然的／公开的／隐蔽的／微妙的／制度性的种族歧视
Race and society 种族和社会 - damage/improve (especially British English) race relations
破坏／改善种族关系 - practise (racial/religious) tolerance/segregation
- bridge/break down/transcend cultural/racial barriers
消除／打破／超越文化／种族隔阂 - encourage/promote social integration
鼓励／促进社会融合 - outlaw/end discrimination/slavery/segregation
取缔／终止歧视／奴隶制／种族隔离 - promote/embrace/celebrate cultural diversity
促进／欣然接纳／颂扬文化多样性 - conform to/challenge/violate (accepted/established/prevailing/dominant) social/cultural norms
遵循／挑战／违背（公认的／确立的／盛行的／占支配地位的）社会／文化规范 - live in a multicultural society
生活在多元文化社会 - attack/criticize multiculturalism
攻击／批评多元文化主义 - fight for/struggle for/promote racial equality
为种族平等而斗争；促进种族平等 - perpetuate/reinforce economic and social inequality
延续／加剧经济和社会的不平等 - introduce/be for/be against (British English) positive discrimination/(especially North American English) affirmative action
推行／支持／反对积极性区别对待政策 - support/be active in/play a leading role in the civil rights movement
支持／积极参与／领导民权运动
Immigration 移居 - control/restrict/limit/encourage immigration
控制／限制／鼓励外来移民 - attract/draw a wave of immigrants
吸引一批外来移民 - assist/welcome refugees
援助／欣然接受难民 - house/shelter refugees and asylum seekers
安置／庇护难民和寻求政治避难者 - smuggle illegal immigrants into the UK
偷运非法移民到英国 - deport/repatriate illegal immigrants/failed asylum seekers
驱逐／遣返非法移民／寻求政治避难失败者 - assimilate/integrate new immigrants
同化／融合新移民 - employ/hire migrant workers
雇用流动工人 - exploit/rely on (cheap/illegal) immigrant labour
- apply for/gain/obtain/be granted/be denied (full) citizenship
申请／获得／准予／未准予（完全的）公民身份 - have/hold dual citizenship
持有双重国籍
Collocations War and peaceWar and peace 战争与和平 Starting a war 开战 - declare/make/wage war (on somebody/something)
（向…）宣战／挑起战争／发动战争 - go to war (against/with somebody)
（向…）开战 - cause/spark/provoke/foment/quell unrest
引起／平息骚乱 - incite/lead/crush/suppress a revolt/rebellion
煽动／领导／镇压起义／叛乱 - launch/mount/carry out a surprise/terrorist attack
发起／实施突然／恐怖袭击 - prevent/halt/represent an escalation of the conflict
防止／阻止／表明冲突升级 - be torn apart by/be on the brink of civil war
被内战搞得四分五裂；濒于内战 - enter/invade/occupy somebody’s territory
进入／侵略／占领某人的领土 - lead/launch/resist/repel an invasion
领导／发起／抵制／击退武装入侵
Military operations 军事行动 - adopt/develop/implement/pursue a military strategy
采用／发展／实施／执行军事战略 - carry out/execute/perform military operations/manoeuvres
- send/deploy/station/pull back/withdraw troops
派遣／部署／派驻／撤回部队 - go on/fly/carry out a reconnaissance/rescue mission
进行／驾机执行／执行侦察／营救任务 - train/equip/deploy army/military/combat units
训练／装备／部署陆军／军事／作战分队 - lead/launch/conduct a raid/a surprise attack/an (air/airborne/amphibious) assault (on somebody)
领导／发起／实施（对某人的）突然袭击／（空中／空投部队／登陆）攻击 - employ/use guerrilla tactics
采用游击战术 - conduct/wage biological/guerrilla warfare
进行／发动生物战／游击战 - fight/crush/defeat the rebels/the insurgency
设法战胜／镇压／挫败叛乱者／叛乱 - suffer/inflict a crushing defeat
遭受惨败；大获全胜 - achieve/win a decisive victory
赢得决定性的胜利 - halt/stop the British/German/Russian advance
阻止英国／德国／俄罗斯的前进 - order/force a retreat
命令／强迫撤退
Fighting 作战 - join/serve in the army/navy/air force
加入陆军／海军／空军；在陆军／海军／空军部队服役 - be/go/remain/serve on active duty
在服现役 - serve/complete/return from a tour of duty
在服役；服役完毕；服役归来 - be sent to the front (line)
被派往前线 - attack/strike/engage/defeat/kill/destroy the enemy
袭击／攻击敌人；与敌人交战；击败／杀死／消灭敌人 - see/report/be engaged in heavy fighting
目睹／报道／参与激战 - call for/be met with armed resistance
要求／遭遇武装抵抗 - come under heavy/machine-gun/mortar fire
冒着激烈的／机关枪的／迫击炮的射击 - fire a machine-gun/mortar shells/rockets (at somebody/something)
（对…）发射机关枪／迫击炮弹／火箭弹 - shoot a rifle/a pistol/bullets/missiles
步枪／手枪射击；发射子弹／导弹 - launch/fire a cruise/ballistic/anti-tank missile
发射巡航／弹道／反坦克导弹 - use biological/chemical/nuclear weapons
使用生物／化学／核武器 - inflict/suffer/sustain heavy losses/casualties
遭受惨重损失／伤亡 - be hit/killed by enemy/friendly/artillery fire
被敌军／友军／炮火击中／射死 - become/be held as a prisoner of war
成为战俘；作为战俘被监禁
Civilians in war 战争中的平民 - harm/kill/target/protect innocent/unarmed civilians
伤害／杀死／瞄准／保护无辜的／手无寸铁的平民 - cause/avoid/limit/minimize civilian casualties/collateral damage
导致／避免／限制／最大限度减少平民伤亡／附带性破坏 - impose/enforce/lift a curfew
强制实行／解除宵禁 - engage in/be a victim of ethnic cleansing
参与种族清洗；成为种族清洗的受害者 - be sent to an internment/a concentration camp
被送到俘虏拘留营／集中营 - accept/house/resettle refugees fleeing from war
接受／收容／安置战争难民 - fear/threaten military/violent reprisals
害怕／扬言要军事／暴力报复 - commit/be accused of war crimes/crimes against humanity/genocide
犯／被指控犯战争罪／反人类罪／种族灭绝罪
Making peace 和解 - make/bring/win/achieve/maintain/promote peace
促使／带来／赢得／实现／保持／促进和平 - call for/negotiate/broker/declare a ceasefire/a temporary truce
要求／商谈／协商／宣布停战／暂时休战 - sign a ceasefire agreement
签署停战协议 - call for/bring/put an end to hostilities
要求发动／引发／结束战争 - demand/negotiate/accept the surrender of somebody/something
强烈要求／商讨／接受…投降 - establish/send (in) a peacekeeping force
建立／派遣维和部队 - negotiate/conclude/ratify/sign/accept/reject/break/violate a peace treaty
商讨／达成／正式批准／签署／接受／拒绝／破坏／违反和平协定
Synonyms immigrantimmigrant- migrant
- refugee
- asylum seeker
- expatriate
- immigrant a person who has either chosen or been forced to leave their country and come to live permanently in a country that is not their own:
immigrants from other European countries 来自其他欧洲国家的移民
- migrant a person who moves from one place to another in order to find work or better living conditions:
The country has a large seasonal migrant population. 这个国家有大量季节性移民人口。
- refugee a person who has been forced to leave their country or home, because there is a war or for political, religious or social reasons:
There has been a steady flow of refugees from the war zone. 从交战地区撤出的难民源源不断。
- asylum seeker a person who has been forced to leave their own country because they are in danger and who arrives in another country asking to be allowed to stay there:
to provide accommodation and support for asylum seekers 为寻求庇护者提供住宿和支持
- expatriate a person living in a country that is not their own, usually by choice:
American expatriates in Paris 居住在巴黎的美国人
- illegal/undocumented immigrants/migrants
- economic/skilled migrants
- political refugees
Extra ExamplesTopics War and conflictb2, Social issuesb2A flood of displaced refugees fled west. 大批背井离乡的难民像潮水般向西边逃难。 He does not qualify for refugee status. 他不符合难民资格。 He was born in a refugee camp. 他出生于难民营。 Hundreds of refugees are pouring over the border. 成百上千的难民涌过边境。 Many claimed to be environmental refugees, leaving for the sake of their health. 很多人都自称是因为健康原因而离开的环境难民。 Only nine per cent were found to be genuine political refugees. 只有9% 的人得到证实是真正的政治难民。 She has been refused refugee status. 她被拒绝给予难民身分。 The Home Office has refused him refugee status. 内政部拒绝给予他难民身分。 The government has agreed to take only 150 refugees plus their dependants. 政府承诺只收留150 名难民及家属。 The refugee flows alone would be a huge upheaval. 单是难民潮问题就会带来很大的动荡。 They should be considered economic refugees. 他们应该被视为经济难民。 Those who did not qualify as refugees were returned to their home countries. 那些不符合难民资格的人被遣返回国了。 Unemployment among the refugees has risen sharply. 难民失业率飙升。 a new influx of refugees from the combat zone 来自交战地区的新一批难民 refugees displaced by the civil war 由于内战而流离失所的难民 refugees fleeing political persecution 逃避政治迫害的避难者 refugees from civil wars 由于内战而产生的难民 refugees living in camps along the border 住在边境难民营里的人 the government's strategy in dealing with would-be refugees 政府处理未来难民的策略 Several thousand refugees are reported to have fled to the eastern border. 据报道，几千名难民逃到了东部边境。 The country has a long tradition of giving asylum to political refugees. 这个国家有向政治难民提供庇护的悠久传统。
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective- genuine
- would-be
- former
- …
- qualify as
- be considered (as)
- accept
- …
- flee something
- be displaced
- arrive
- …
- crisis
- issue
- problem
- …
- among refugee
- refugee from
- a flood of refugees
- a influx of refugees
- the flow of refugees
- …
Word Originlate 17th cent.: from French réfugié ‘gone in search of refuge’, past participle of (se) réfugier, from refuge, from Latin refugium, from Latin re- ‘back’ + fugere ‘flee’.
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- deed 603
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- wrap 633
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- hip 137
- uv 64
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- turn-up 228
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- Other than 68
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- quack 93
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- TOUGH 136
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- trattoria 58
- fertile 580
- thirtyfold 37
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- genetically 75
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- Quarrelsome 171
- comper 63
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- jiggle 96
- rhapsodic 43
- underclass 67
- comrade 493
- gastronomic 95
- Leash 62
- semiwild 33
- withers 58
- bright 351
- leant 45
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- stealthiest 52
- Abandonment 47
- backwater 184
- newswoman 64
- Rumour 91
- ACCRUE 50
- programme 352
- sae 79
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- bacteriology 122
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- thunderbolt 185
- Hood 208
- imbitter 35
- sisal 73
- modify 682
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- eddies 64
- spoof 89
- Few 229
- hothousing 38
- guff 105
- uncompetitive 209
- Sweetness 166
- Something 81
- weigh down 115
- centered 141
- Jewels 13
- schedule 999
- marsh 222
- cunning 593
- messy 185
- swingeing 183
- hallowed 100
- exquisite 152
- temper 619
- fifthly 97
- boron 137
- insane 248
- firmer 55
- Skilful 152
- rnas 47
- Criticism 194
- holler 144
- Automatic 120
- Tannoy™ 73
- cute 164
- elastic 632
- broadsword 59
- antsy 133
- dvd 184
- Miscellaneous legal terms 17
- Preside 183
- Linguistic 93
- window pane 53
- pederast 67
- persuasion 187
- carrot 578
- frogmarch 119
- lipstick 241
- uncheck 37
- dining car 123
- Sergeant 306
- emblematic 103
- moribund 150
- incompletion 30
- hiver 41
- Reaction 260
- Upfront 83
- inherence 30
- Tannoy 61
- ombudsman 269
- yea 74
- Poor 203
- show 425
- regular 589
- ungraciously 47
- sanctuary 247
- unvarnished 58
- strata 156
- Renaissance 116
- straightaway 64
- draftsperson 55
- gravy boat 134
- Different 251
- gorilla 93
- unsavoury 280
- Thirst 181
- magnetism 96
- scream 668
- remover 78
- drastically 160
- offramp 32
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- remorseful 67
- Upon 186
- Arson 38
- exhaustion 523
- bough 481
- caries 120
- Veterinarian 58
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- Repercussion 260
- solicitor 243
- assumed 122
- Nevada 41
- foulness 95
- courtly 106
- discovery 536
- fioritura 50
- episiotomy 126
- javelin 281
- eyewitness 139
- bully-boy 54
- fashionable 643
- frightening 354
- voicemail 69
- obligatory 330
- box number 122
- greek 123
- powerboater 40
- Late 156
- Appreciation 67
- mindshare 46
- unclaimed 58
- normanize 47
- Overtake 68
- indoor 502
- open-mouthed 161
- junkyard 64
- stamen 76
- be economical with the truth 82
- yardarm 55
- dipso 76
- Reschedule 312
- keyboard 624
- classicalism 65
- prepared 208
- Boisterous 87
- fishing 157
- indiscipline 162
- blackfly 53
- Season 233
- Aran 63
- yarmulke 233
- drinking fountain 115
- resale 79
- plugger 44
- performative 63
- Impressively 99
- Imitate 80
- weight 388
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- multiple 421
- Cafe 128
- alist 92
- archangel 148
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- implicatory 34
- aneroid 59
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- popgun 56
- chrissakes 46
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- Shut 193
- Laxative 21
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- slily 41
- racial 564
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- patient 714
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- Budge 11
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- BARE 30
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- cuts 63
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- Almost and almost not 13
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- minging 57
- shearing 59
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- plague 399
- Precious 262
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- travail 108
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- observation car 89
- embark 599
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- Translate 265
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- germany 83
- Phrase 187
- Try 222
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- tarry 207
- VALUE 179
- hotting 37
- general 729
- Achieve 173
- caliphate 115
- flightiest 59
- ennoble 121
- Preceding 189
- conk out 114
- Breakfast 149
- palate 96
- HELP 204
- Detrimental 240
- pestilential 194
- aside from 135
- A list 103
- gambol 145
- EXPRESSIVE 227
- pubbed 49
- bandstand 105
- heartfelt 87
- untidy 130
- rainout 53
- plasterboard 79
- gloved 122
- fleck 136
- in-store 51
- affluent 749
- quip 103
- fleet 589
- guildry 35
- Reflexive 85
- AC 67
- LIKELY 142
- estimation 162
- Brandy 76
- Lumen 67
- conman 242
- caff 84
- Chips 93
- disparaging 175
- blitz 139
- adjectivally 77
- typecasting 40
- disinhibitory 42
- Camembert 37
- movable 71
- Minster 74
noun
noun
verb
noun
adjective
rather
rather
refugee
Moving to and living in a different country: immigration, asylum, exile...
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