- (often the norm)[singular]
a situation or a pattern of behaviour that is usual or expected 常态；正常行为 The new design is a departure from the norm. 新的设计打破了常规。 Older parents seem to be the norm rather than the exception nowadays. 人们在年龄较大时才生育子女在今天似乎成了常事，而不是个例。
Extra ExamplesIn the inner-city areas, poverty is the norm rather than the exception. 在内城区，贫穷是正常现象而不是例外。 On-screen editing has become the norm for all student work. 在计算机屏幕上编辑已成为所有学生作业的标准要求。 Small families are the norm nowadays. 现在大都是小家庭。
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective- accepted
- established
- ethical
- …
- be
- become
- conform to
- …
- above the norm
- below the norm
- over the norm
- …
- a departure from the norm
- a deviation from the norm
- an exception to the norm
- …
- norms[plural]
standards of behaviour that are typical of or accepted within a particular group or society 规范；行为标准 social/cultural norms 社会／文化规范 She considered people to be products of the values and norms of the society they lived in. 她认为人是其所生活的社会之价值观和规范的产物。 accepted norms of behaviour 公认的行为规范
Collocations Race and immigrationRace and immigration 种族与移民 Prejudice and racism 偏见与种族歧视 - experience/encounter racism/discrimination/prejudice/anti-semitism
经历／遭遇种族歧视／歧视／偏见／反犹太主义 - face/suffer persecution/discrimination
面临／遭受迫害／歧视 - fear/escape from/flee racial/political/religious persecution
惧怕／逃离种族／政治／宗教迫害 - constitute/be a form of racial/race discrimination
构成／是一种种族歧视 - reflect/reveal/show/have a racial/cultural bias
反映出／揭示出／表现出／具有种族／文化偏见 - be biased/be prejudiced against (especially British English) black people/(both especially North American English) people of color/African Americans/Asians/Africans/Indians, etc.
对黑人／有色人种／非裔美国人／亚洲人／非洲人／印度人等有偏见 - discriminate against minority groups/minorities
歧视少数群体／少数民族 - perpetuate/conform to/fit/defy a common/popular/traditional/negative stereotype
固守／遵从／符合／藐视普遍的／流行的／传统的／负面的模式化观念 - overcome/be blinded by deep-seated/racial/(especially North American English) race prejudice
克服根深蒂固的／种族的偏见；被根深蒂固的／种族的偏见所蒙蔽 - entrench/perpetuate racist attitudes
固守种族主义的态度 - hurl/shout (especially British English) racist abuse; (especially North American English) a racist/racial/ethnic slur
高声地进行种族污辱 - challenge/confront racism/discrimination/prejudice
拒绝接受／对抗种族主义／歧视／偏见 - combat/fight (against)/tackle blatant/overt/covert/subtle/institutional/systemic racism
打压／反对／处理公然的／公开的／隐蔽的／微妙的／制度性的种族歧视
Race and society 种族和社会 - damage/improve (especially British English) race relations
破坏／改善种族关系 - practise (racial/religious) tolerance/segregation
- bridge/break down/transcend cultural/racial barriers
消除／打破／超越文化／种族隔阂 - encourage/promote social integration
鼓励／促进社会融合 - outlaw/end discrimination/slavery/segregation
取缔／终止歧视／奴隶制／种族隔离 - promote/embrace/celebrate cultural diversity
促进／欣然接纳／颂扬文化多样性 - conform to/challenge/violate (accepted/established/prevailing/dominant) social/cultural norms
遵循／挑战／违背（公认的／确立的／盛行的／占支配地位的）社会／文化规范 - live in a multicultural society
生活在多元文化社会 - attack/criticize multiculturalism
攻击／批评多元文化主义 - fight for/struggle for/promote racial equality
为种族平等而斗争；促进种族平等 - perpetuate/reinforce economic and social inequality
延续／加剧经济和社会的不平等 - introduce/be for/be against (British English) positive discrimination/(especially North American English) affirmative action
推行／支持／反对积极性区别对待政策 - support/be active in/play a leading role in the civil rights movement
支持／积极参与／领导民权运动
Immigration 移居 - control/restrict/limit/encourage immigration
控制／限制／鼓励外来移民 - attract/draw a wave of immigrants
吸引一批外来移民 - assist/welcome refugees
援助／欣然接受难民 - house/shelter refugees and asylum seekers
安置／庇护难民和寻求政治避难者 - smuggle illegal immigrants into the UK
偷运非法移民到英国 - deport/repatriate illegal immigrants/failed asylum seekers
驱逐／遣返非法移民／寻求政治避难失败者 - assimilate/integrate new immigrants
同化／融合新移民 - employ/hire migrant workers
雇用流动工人 - exploit/rely on (cheap/illegal) immigrant labour
- apply for/gain/obtain/be granted/be denied (full) citizenship
申请／获得／准予／未准予（完全的）公民身份 - have/hold dual citizenship
持有双重国籍
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective- accepted
- established
- ethical
- …
- be
- become
- conform to
- …
- above the norm
- below the norm
- over the norm
- …
- a departure from the norm
- a deviation from the norm
- an exception to the norm
- …
- [countable]
a required or agreed standard, amount, etc. 标准；定额；定量 detailed education norms for children of particular ages 针对具体年龄儿童的详细教育标准 The government claims that background radioactivity is well below international norms. 政府声称背景放射性远低于国际标准。
Extra ExamplesThere is a comparison of each child with the age norms. 每个孩子都有一个年龄标准的比较。 The revised norms are based on test scores of 2 050 children aged between five and ten. 修订后的标准是基于2 050名5至10岁儿童的考试成绩。 Public examination systems set up a norm, on which each student is judged. 公共考试系统建立了一个标准，根据这个标准来评判每个学生。 They want to discourage pay settlements over the norm. 他们想阻止推行超过正常标准的工资解决方案。 accepted norms of international law 公认的国际法标准
Word Originearly 19th cent.: from Latin norma ‘precept, rule, carpenter's square’.