a small amount of something that shows what the rest of it is like 样品；样本；标本 Astronauts have brought back specimens of rock from the moon. 宇航员从月球带回了岩石标本。 Can you give me a specimen of your handwriting? 你能给我一份你的笔迹样本吗？
Collocations Scientific researchScientific research 科学研究 Theory 理论 - formulate/advance a theory/hypothesis
创立理论；提出假设 - build/construct/create/develop a simple/theoretical/mathematical model
创立一个简单／理论／数学模型 - develop/establish/provide/use a theoretical/conceptual framework
创立／建立／提供／使用理论／概念框架 - advance/argue/develop the thesis that…
提出／论证／详尽阐述…的论题 - explore an idea/a concept/a hypothesis
探讨一个想法／概念／假设 - make a prediction/an inference
预测；推断 - base a prediction/your calculations on something
基于…做出预测／估算 - investigate/evaluate/accept/challenge/reject a theory/hypothesis/model
研究／评估／接受／质疑／拒绝接受一个理论／假设／模型
Experiment 实验 - design an experiment/a questionnaire/a study/a test
设计一项实验／问卷／研究／测试 - do research/an experiment/an analysis
做研究／实验／分析 - make observations/measurements/calculations
观察；测量；计算 - carry out/conduct/perform an experiment/a test/a longitudinal study/observations/clinical trials
进行实验／测试／纵向研究／观察／临床试验 - run an experiment/a simulation/clinical trials
进行实验／模拟／临床试验 - repeat an experiment/a test/an analysis
重做实验／测试／分析 - replicate a study/the results/the findings
做相同的研究；得出同样的结果／调查结果 - observe/study/examine/investigate/assess a pattern/a process/a behaviour
- fund/support the research/project/study
资助／支持研究／项目／专题研究 - seek/provide/get/secure funding for research
寻求／提供／得到／争取到研究资金
Results 结果 - collect/gather/extract data/information
收集／提取数据／信息 - yield data/evidence/similar findings/the same results
得到数据／证据／类似调查结果／相同结果 - analyse/examine the data/soil samples/a specimen
分析／考查数据／土壤样本／样本 - consider/compare/interpret the results/findings
思考／比较／解释结果／调查结果 - fit the data/model
与数据／模型相符合 - confirm/support/verify a prediction/a hypothesis/the results/the findings
证实／支持／核实预测／假设／结果／调查结果 - prove a conjecture/hypothesis/theorem
证明猜测／假设／定理 - draw/make/reach the same conclusions
得出同样的结论 - read/review the records/literature
阅读／评论记录／文献 - describe/report an experiment/a study
描述／报告一项实验／研究 - present/publish/summarize the results/findings
提交／公布／总结结果／调查结果 - present/publish/read/review/cite a paper in a scientific journal
向科学杂志提交一篇论文；在科学杂志发表一篇论文；阅读／评论／引用科学杂志上的一篇论文
a single example of something, especially an animal or a plant （尤指动植物的）单一实例 The aquarium has some interesting specimens of unusual tropical fish. 水族馆里有一些罕见的热带鱼，很有意思。 Redwood trees can live for a long time; one specimen is 4 000 years old. 红杉树存活时间很长，有一棵活了4 000年了。 - (humorous)
They were fine specimens of British youth! 他们堪称英国青年的优秀代表！
Synonyms exampleexample- case
- instance
- specimen
- illustration
- example something such as an object, a fact or a situation that shows, explains or supports what you say; a thing that is typical of or represents a particular group or set:
Can you give me an example of what you mean? 你能给我举个实例来解释你的意思吗？
- case a particular situation or a situation of a particular type; a situation that relates to a particular person or thing:
In some cases people have had to wait several weeks for an appointment. 在某些情况下，人们必须等上好几周才能得到约见。
- instance (rather formal
) a particular situation or a situation of a particular type: 指例子、事例、实例： The report highlights a number of instances of injustice. 这篇报道重点列举了一些不公正的实例。
- specimen an example of something, especially an animal or plant:
The aquarium has some interesting specimens of unusual tropical fish. 水族馆里有一些罕见的热带鱼，很有趣。
- illustration (rather formal
) a story, an event or an example that clearly shows the truth about something: 指说明事实的故事、实例、示例： The statistics are a clear illustration of the point I am trying to make. 这些统计数字清楚地阐明了我要陈述的要点。
example or illustration? 用 example 还是 illustration？ - a(n) example/case/instance/specimen/illustration of something
- in a particular case/instance
- for example/instance
Extra ExamplesTopics Biologyc1This is a fine specimen of a walnut tree. 这是一棵上等的胡桃树。 specimen exam papers 考试试卷样本 well-preserved specimens of Homo erectus 保存完好的直立人标本
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective- large
- small
- beautiful
- …
- find
- plant
- tree
a small quantity of blood, urine, etc. that is taken from somebody and tested by a doctor （化验的）抽样，血样，尿样 to provide/take a specimen 提供血样；采血样
Extra ExamplesTopics Medicinec1The motorist may be required to give a urine specimen. 驾车者可能被要求提供尿样。 a specimen of blood 血样
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective- blood
- urine
- etc.
- …
- collect
- take
- give
- …
Word Originearly 17th cent. (in the sense ‘pattern, model’): from Latin, from specere ‘to look’.