- [countable, uncountable]
the regular pattern of weather conditions of a particular place 氣候 a tropical/warm/mild/temperate/cold climate 熱帶/溫暖/溫和/溫帶/寒冷氣候 the harsh climate of the Arctic regions 北極地區的惡劣氣候
Culture weatherweatherThe popular view of the British weather is that it rains all the time. This is not true and Britain gets no more rain in an average year than several other European countries. In some summers the country goes for weeks with nothing more than a shower (= short period of rain). Perhaps the main characteristic of Britain's weather is that it is hard to predict. This is probably why people regularly listen to weather forecasts on radio and television. However, the weather forecasters are sometimes wrong.The British are not used to extremes. In summer the temperature rarely goes higher than 30°C (86° F). Heatwaves (= periods of very hot weather) are rare events. In winter the south and west are fairly mild. The east and north get much colder, with hard frosts and snow. A cold snap (= period of very cold weather) or heavy falls of snow can cause all forms of transport to stop.Samuel Johnson observed that ‘when two Englishmen meet their first talk is of the weather’, and this is still true. The weather is a safe, polite topic of conversation. Most British people would agree that bright weather with some sun, not too hot and with enough rain to water their gardens, is good. Bad weather usually means days with a lot of cloud and rain or, in winter, fog or snow. The British tend to expect the worst as far as the weather is concerned and it is part of national folklore (= traditional belief) that summer bank holidays will be wet. It may be pouring with rain, teeming down, bucketing, or even just drizzling or spitting, but it will be wet.The US is large enough to have several different climates, and so the weather varies between regions. The average lowest temperature in Grand Forks, North Dakota in winter is almost −20° C (−3° F); in the summer in Arizona it is often above 40° C (104° F). Arizona gets less than an inch/2.5 centimetres of rain most months; the state of Washington can get 6 inches/15 centimetres. The Northeast and Midwest have cold winters with a lot of snow, and summers that are very hot and humid (= with a lot of water in the air). The South has hot, humid summers but moderate winters. The Southwest, including Arizona and New Mexico, is dry and warm in the winter and very hot in the summer. Some parts of the US suffer tornadoes and hurricanes.In autumn people put storm doors and windows on their houses, an extra layer of glass to keep out the cold wind. Cities in the snow belt (= the north eastern and midwestern states that get a lot of snow) have several snow days each winter, days when people do not go to school or work. But then snowploughs (NAmE snowplows) clear the roads and life goes on, even when the weather is bad.Many people in Britain and the US, as elsewhere, are worried about global warming (= an increase in temperature in the earth's atmosphere) due to emissions from vehicles and factories of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O) and the extent of climate change this may cause.Extra ExamplesTopics The environmenta2The city has a warm climate. 這個城市氣候溫暖。 the severe northern climate 惡劣的北方氣候 Tomato flavour varies depending on climate. 番茄的味道因氣候而異。 It is a region with diverse soils and climate. 這是一個土壤和氣候多樣的地區。 a global climate shift towards an ice age 全球氣候向冰河時代的轉變 We are looking at how to respond to a changed climate. 我們正在研究如何應對氣候變化。 Most climate scientists believe the earth will warm several more degrees in coming decades. 大多數氣候科學家認爲，未來幾十年，地球將變暖幾度。 plants that are well adapted to the climate 非常適應氣候的植物
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective- hot
- warm
- cold
- …
- have
- affect
- change
- research
- study
- …
- in a/the climate
- [countable]
an area with particular weather conditions 氣候區 They wanted to move to a warmer climate. 他們想遷移到氣候較溫暖的地區。 Little grows in such a dry climate. 在這種幹旱的氣候下很難有東西生長。
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective- hot
- warm
- cold
- …
- have
- affect
- change
- research
- study
- …
- in a/the climate
- [countable]
a general attitude or feeling; an atmosphere or a situation that exists in a particular place 傾向；思潮；風氣；環境氣氛 the present political/economic climate 當前的政治氣候/經濟環境 the current climate of opinion (= what people generally are thinking about a particular issue) 目前的輿論傾向 a climate of fear/suspicion/uncertainty 恐懼/懷疑/不確定的氣氛 There is no money for children's centres in the current climate. 在目前的氣候下，兒童中心沒有錢。 We need to create a climate in which business can prosper. 我們需要創造一個有利於商業繁榮的環境。
Extra ExamplesThey hope this will provide the right climate for social change. 他們希望這將爲社會變革提供合適的環境。 There's been a change in the climate of opinion. 輿論傾向有了轉變。 The crisis produced a climate far less favourable to redevelopment. 這場危機造成了一種遠不利於再開發的環境。 Such a move seems unlikely in the current political climate. 在當前的政治氣候下，這樣的舉措似乎不太可能。 He admitted that the economic climate has rarely been worse. 他承認經濟氣候從來沒這麽糟過。 a set of ideas that challenge the prevailing climate of pessimism 對流行的悲觀情緒提出質疑的一整套思想 a climate for economic recovery 經濟複蘇形勢 The new policies have created a climate of fear. 這些新政策制造了一種恐怖的氣氛。 His ideas on equality are viewed as utopian in the current political climate. 在當前的政治氣候下，他關於平等的觀點被視爲是烏托邦。 They believe Las Vegas offers an excellent business climate. 他們認爲拉斯維加斯提供了一個極好的商業環境。 In today's social climate, it is a very emotionally charged word. 在今天的社會氣候下，這是一個非常情緒化的詞。 His remarks directly contributed to the climate of racial tension. 他的言論直接加劇了種族緊張氣氛。
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective- favourable/favorable
- hostile
- unfavourable/unfavorable
- …
- create
- foster
- change
- …
- in a/the climate
- climate for
- climate of
- …
- a climate of opinion
Word Originlate Middle English: from Old French climat or late Latin clima, climat-, from Greek klima ‘slope, zone’, from klinein ‘to slope’. The term originally denoted a zone of the earth between two lines of latitude, then any region of the earth, and later, a region considered with reference to its atmospheric conditions. Compare with clime.