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IELTS BNC: 1495 COCA: 3492

unemployment

noun
 
/ˌʌnɪmˈplɔɪmənt/
/ˌʌnɪmˈplɔɪmənt/
[uncountable]
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  1.  
     the fact of a number of people not having a job; the number of people without a job失業；失業人數
    • an area of high/low unemployment 失業率高／低的地區
    • rising unemployment增長的失業率
    • It was a time of mass unemployment.當時有大批人失業。
    • Government schemes to combat youth unemployment政府解決青年失業問題的計劃
    • the level/rate of unemployment失業人數；失業率
    • The unemployment rate rose to 4.7 per cent.失業率升至4.7%。
    • measures to help reduce/tackle unemployment旨在減少失業／緩解失業情況的措施
    • The point is that this type of economics causes unemployment.關鍵是這種類型的經濟學會導致失業。
    • unemployment figures/statistics失業數字/統計數字
    • a rise in both inflation and unemployment通貨膨脹和失業率的上升
    • He applied for unemployment insurance and was approved.他申請了失業保險，被批準了。
    Collocations The economyThe economy經濟Managing the economy管理經濟
    • handle/​run/​manage the economy管理經濟
    • boost investment/​spending/​employment/​growth促進投資／支出／就業／增長速度
    • stimulate demand/​the economy/​industry刺激需求／經濟／工業
    • cut/​reduce investment/​spending/​borrowing削減投資／支出／借貸
    • reduce/​curb/​control/​keep down inflation減少／遏制通貨膨脹
    • create/​fuel growth/​demand/​a boom/​a bubble創造／刺激增長／需求／繁榮／泡沫
    • encourage/​foster/​promote/​stimulate/​stifle innovation/​competition鼓勵／促進／刺激／抑制創新／競爭
    • encourage/​work with/​compete with the private sector鼓勵私營部門；與私營部門合作／競爭
    • increase/​boost/​promote US/​agricultural exports增加／促進美國／農業出口
    • ban/​restrict/​block cheap/​foreign imports禁止／限制／阻止廉價／國外進口産品
    • the economy grows/​expands/​shrinks/​contracts/​slows (down)/recovers/​improves/​is booming經濟增長／擴張／收縮／萎縮／放緩／複蘇／改善／繁榮
    • enjoy an economic/​housing/​property boom享受經濟／住房／房地産的繁榮期
    Economic problems經濟問題
    • push up/​drive up prices/​costs/​inflation擡高價格／成本；加劇通貨膨脹
    • damage/​hurt/​destroy industry/​the economy破壞工業／經濟
    • cause/​lead to/​go into/​avoid/​escape recession引起／導致／進入／避開經濟衰退
    • experience/​suffer a recession/​downturn經歷／遭受經濟衰退
    • fight/​combat inflation/​deflation/​unemployment抵抗通貨膨脹／通貨緊縮／失業
    • cause/​create inflation/​poverty/​unemployment導致／造成通貨膨脹／貧窮／失業
    • create/​burst a housing/​stock market bubble造成／引爆住房／股票市場泡沫
    • cause/​trigger a stock market crash/​the collapse of the banking system引起股市崩盤／銀行系統崩潰
    • face/​be plunged into a financial/​an economic crisis面臨／陷入財政／經濟危機
    • be caught in/​experience cycles of boom and bust陷入／經歷周期性繁榮與蕭條
    Public finance公共財政
    • cut/​reduce/​slash/​increase/​double the defence/​education/​aid budget
    • increase/​boost/​slash/​cut public spending增加／大幅削減／削減公共支出
    • increase/​put up/​raise/​cut/​lower/​reduce taxes提高／降低稅收
    • raise/​cut/​lower/​reduce interest rates提高／降低利率
    • ease/​loosen/​tighten monetary policy放寬／收緊貨幣政策
    • balance the (state/​federal) budget平衡（州／聯邦）預算
    • achieve/​maintain a balanced budget達到／保持預算平衡
    • run a ($4 trillion) budget deficit/​surplus有（4 萬億美元的）預算赤字／盈餘
    • impose taxes/​austerity measures
    Extra Examples
    • The unemployment trap exists when an unemployed person on benefit would be worse off in a low-paid job.領救濟金的失業者如果做低收入的工作後情況更糟，就存在一種失業陷阱。
    • Unemployment climbed above two million.失業人數攀升到 200 萬人以上。
    • Unemployment reached 30 per cent.失業率達到30%。
    • This former mining town is now an unemployment black spot.這個昔日的采礦小鎮現在成了失業重災區。
    • Unemployment among graduates is falling steadily.畢業生的待業人數正持續下降。
    • Unemployment has hit unskilled workers in particular.失業尤其沖擊到了無特别技能的工人。
    • Scottish unemployment rates were lower than the UK average.蘇格蘭失業率低於英國平均水平。
    Topics Social issuesb1
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective
    • double-digit
    • high
    • huge
    • …
    … of unemployment
    • level
    • rate
    verb + unemployment
    • be faced with
    • face
    • cause
    • …
    unemployment + verb
    • climb
    • double
    • increase
    • …
    unemployment + noun
    • benefit
    • benefits
    • compensation
    • …
    preposition
    • unemployment  among
    phrases
    • a period of unemployment
    • a rise in unemployment
    • an increase in unemployment
    • …
    See full entry
  2.  
     the state of not having a job無業；沒有工作
    • Thousands of young people are facing long-term unemployment.成千上萬的青年正面臨長期待業狀況。
    • He has had long periods of unemployment.他長期失業。
    • One million people suffered unemployment as a result of the Asian tsunami.亞洲海嘯導致100萬人失業。
    • a study of male/female unemployment男性/女性失業研究
    compare employmentTopics Social issuesb1
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective
    • double-digit
    • high
    • huge
    • …
    … of unemployment
    • level
    • rate
    verb + unemployment
    • be faced with
    • face
    • cause
    • …
    unemployment + verb
    • climb
    • double
    • increase
    • …
    unemployment + noun
    • benefit
    • benefits
    • compensation
    • …
    preposition
    • unemployment  among
    phrases
    • a period of unemployment
    • a rise in unemployment
    • an increase in unemployment
    • …
    See full entry
  3. (also unemployment compensation)
     (both US English)
    (British English unemployment benefit)
    money paid by the government to somebody who is unemployed無業；沒有工作
    • Since losing his job, Mike has been collecting unemployment.自從丢了工作之後，邁克一直在領取失業救濟金。
    Collocations UnemploymentUnemployment失業Losing your job失業
    • lose your job失業
    • (British English) become/​be made redundant被裁減
    • be offered/​take voluntary redundancy/​early retirement被要求／選擇自願裁退／提前退休
    • face/​be threatened with dismissal/(British English) the sack/(British English) compulsory redundancy面臨被解職／被裁／強制裁員；受到解職／被裁／強制裁員的威脅
    • dismiss/​fire/ (especially British English) sack an employee/​a worker/​a manager解僱僱員／工人／經理
    • lay off staff/​workers/​employees解僱員工／工人／僱員
    • (Australian English, New Zealand English, South African English) retrench workers縮減人員
    • cut/​reduce/​downsize/​slash the workforce裁減員工
    • (British English) make staff/​workers/​employees redundant裁員
    Being unemployed失業；待業；下崗
    • be unemployed/​out of work/​out of a job失業
    • seek/​look for work/​employment找工作
    • be on/​collect/​draw/​get/​receive (both British English) unemployment benefit/​jobseeker’s allowance領取失業補助金
    • be/​go/​live/​sign (British English, informal) on the dole領取失業救濟金
    • claim/​draw/​get (British English, informal) the dole領取失業救濟金
    • be on/​qualify for (North American English) unemployment (compensation)領取／有資格領取失業補償金
    • be/​go/​live/​depend (North American English) on welfare靠社會保障金過活
    • collect/​receive (North American English) welfare領取社會保障金
    • combat/​tackle/​cut/​reduce unemployment防止／解決／減少失業
Wordfinder
IELTS BNC: 1495 COCA: 3492
unemployment

noun

ADJECTIVE | ... OF UNEMPLOYMENT | VERB + UNEMPLOYMENT | UNEMPLOYMENT + VERB | UNEMPLOYMENT + NOUN | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤double-digit, high, huge, mass, massive, severe, widespread兩位數的失業率；高失業率；大規模失業；大批人失業；嚴峻的失業狀況；普遍的失業▸➤low低失業率▸➤growing, rising上升的失業人數▸➤falling下降的失業率➤chronic長期失業➤involuntary非自願性失業▸➤long-term長期失業▸➤seasonal (especially BrE) 季節性失業▸➤structural結構性失業▸➤graduate, youth大學生／年輕人失業▸➤rural, urban鄉村／城鎮失業人數... OF UNEMPLOYMENT➤level, rate失業率VERB + UNEMPLOYMENT➤be faced with, face面臨失業▸➤cause, create導致／造成失業▸➤alleviate, bring down, cut, reduce緩解失業狀況；降低失業人數▸➤increase使失業人數增加▸➤combat, tackle對付／處理失業問題UNEMPLOYMENT + VERB➤climb, double, increase, rise, soar失業人數攀升／加倍／增加／上升／劇增◇Unemployment climbed above two million.失業人數攀升到 200 萬人以上。➤decline, fall失業人數下降▸➤average sth, remain sth, remain at sth, stand at sth失業率平均為⋯；失業率保持在⋯；失業率為⋯◇Unemployment averaged 15% across the country.全國的失業率平均為 15%。➤hit sth, reach sth失業率達到⋯◇Unemployment hit 10% in 1982.1982 年失業率達到 10%。◇Unemployment reached 30%.失業率達到 30%。UNEMPLOYMENT + NOUN➤benefit, benefits, compensation, cover, insurance (especially NAmE) 失業救濟金；失業補償；失業保險◇New claims for unemployment benefits remain low.新近領取失業救濟金的人仍然不多。➤claims (especially NAmE) 申請失業救濟金▸➤data, figures, levels, numbers, percentage, rate, statistics, total失業數據；失業數字；失業率；失業總數◇The county's unemployment rate has dropped to 9%.該縣的失業率已降至 9%。➤black spot (BrE) 失業重災區◇This former mining town is now an unemployment black spot.這個昔日的採礦小鎮現在成了失業重災區。PREPOSITION➤unemployment among⋯中的失業◇Unemployment among graduates is falling steadily.畢業生的待業人數正持續下降。PHRASES➤a period of unemployment失業期間▸➤a rise in unemployment, an increase in unemployment失業人數上升➤a fall in unemployment失業人數下降
IELTS BNC: 1495 COCA: 3492
unemployment

noun

unemployment ♦︎ redundancy ♦︎ dismissal ♦︎ sacking ♦︎ lay-off ♦︎ dischargeThese are all words for the state of not having a job, the fact of losing your job or the act of officially removing sb from their job. 這些詞均表示無業、失業或解僱、開除。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆mass unemployment / redundancies / dismissals / lay-offs◆large-scale unemployment / redundancies / lay-offs◆to face unemployment / redundancy / dismissal◆to lead to / avoid unemployment / redundancies / dismissal■ unemployment [uncountable] the state of not having a job; the fact of a number of people not having a job; the number of people without a job 無業；失業；失業人數◆Thousands of young people are facing long-term unemployment.成千上萬的青年正面臨長期待業狀況。◆It's an area of high unemployment.那是個失業率高的地區。◆Last month saw a rise in both inflation and unemployment.上個月的通脹率和失業人數均有所上升。OPP employment ⇨ work noun 2 ■ redundancy rɪˈdʌndənsi [uncountable, countable, usually plural] (BrE, rather formal) the situation when sb has to leave their job because there is no more work available for them （因勞動力過剩而造成的）裁員，解僱◆Thousands of factory workers are facing redundancy in the New Year.數千名工廠工人在新年面臨下崗。◆She decided to take voluntary redundancy (= to offer to leave her job).她決定接受自願裁退。◆The threat of compulsory redundancies still hangs over the firm.強制裁員的威脅依然籠罩着公司。◆200 workers have been issued with redundancy notices.已有200名工人收到了裁員通知。  see also make sb redundant ⇨ fire verb ■ dismissal [uncountable, countable] (rather formal or law 法律) the act of officially removing sb from their job; an example of this 解僱；開除；撤職◆He still hopes to win his claim against unfair dismissal.他仍然希望赢得遭到無理解僱的賠償。◆The dismissals followed the resignation of the chairman.董事長辭職後緊接着就是裁員。   see also dismiss ⇨ fire verb ■ sacking [countable] (BrE, rather informal, especially journalism 尤用於新聞) an act of dismissing sb from their job, especially because they have done sth wrong （尤指因犯錯導致的）解僱，炒鱿魚◆A council chief faced calls for his sacking yesterday over allegations that he had accepted bribes.一名市政部門的主管昨日因受賄指控而被要求撤職。   see also sack ⇨ fire verb ■ ˈlay-off [countable] (rather informal, especially journalism 尤用於新聞) an act of making sb unemployed because there is no more work available for them, especially temporarily （因勞動力過剩而造成的）裁員，解僱（尤指臨時性的）◆We do not want to risk further lay-offs in the factory.我們不想再在工廠裏冒裁員的風險了。ⓘ You can also talk about job cuts in this context. 在這種語境下亦可用job cuts。   see also cut ⇨ reduction , lay sb off ⇨ fire verb ■ discharge ˈdɪstʃɑːdʒ; NAmE ˈdɪstʃɑːrdʒ [countable, uncountable] the act of officially allowing sb, or of telling sb, to leave their job, especially in the army 獲準離開；免職；退伍◆The illness resulted in his discharge from the army.這場病導致他從部隊退伍。   see also discharge ⇨ fire verb
IELTS BNC: 1495 COCA: 3492

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