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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 4768 COCA: 6436

temper

noun
/ˈtempə(r)/
/ˈtempər/
 Idioms
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  1. [countable, usually singular, uncountable] if somebody has a temper, they become angry very easily脾气；易怒的性情
    • to have a fiery/hot/violent temper脾气暴躁/暴躁/暴躁
    • He must learn to control his temper.他得学会捺住性子。
    • After an hour of waiting, tempers began to fray (= people began to get angry).等了一个小时后，大伙儿开始冒火了。
    Extra Examples
    • He has a nasty temper.他脾气很坏。
    • He had to learn to keep his temper under control before he could become a teacher.他得先学会控制自己的脾气，然后才能当老师。
    • Frayed tempers at the end of the match led to three players being sent off.比赛近尾声时的急躁情绪导致3 名队员被罚下场。
    • Tempers flared as the traffic jam became worse.随着交通堵塞状况的恶化，人们火气越来越大。
    Topics Feelingsb2
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective
    • bad
    • explosive
    • fierce
    • …
    … of temper
    • display
    • fit
    • flash
    • …
    verb + temper
    • have
    • control
    • keep
    • …
    temper + verb
    • flare
    • rise
    • cool
    • …
    temper + noun
    • tantrum
    preposition
    • in a temper
    phrases
    • keep your temper in check
    • keep your temper under control
    See full entry
  2. [countable, usually singular, uncountable] a short period of feeling very angry怒气；火气；阵怒
    • in a temper She says awful things when she's in a temper.她一发脾气说话就难听。
    • He stormed out of the room in a temper.他怒气冲冲地出了房间。
    • to fly into a temper勃然大怒
    • She broke the plates in a fit of temper.她一气之下把盘子摔碎了。
    • Some small children have terrible temper tantrums.有些小孩子脾气暴躁。
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective
    • bad
    • explosive
    • fierce
    • …
    … of temper
    • display
    • fit
    • flash
    • …
    verb + temper
    • have
    • control
    • keep
    • …
    temper + verb
    • flare
    • rise
    • cool
    • …
    temper + noun
    • tantrum
    preposition
    • in a temper
    phrases
    • keep your temper in check
    • keep your temper under control
    See full entry
  3. [countable] the way that you are feeling at a particular time心情；情绪；性情；心境 synonym mood
    • in a… temper Come back when you're in a better temper.心情好些时再回来。
    • to be in a bad/foul temper脾气不好/不好
    Extra Examples
    • She regained her good temper after a chat.聊天后她又恢复了好心情。
    • Peter's comments were responsible for her ill temper.彼得的话让她心情不好。
    • I wasn't in the best of tempers when I arrived at the meeting.我到达会场时情绪不很好。
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective
    • bad
    • filthy
    • foul
    • …
    verb + temper
    • improve
    temper + verb
    • improve
    • fray
    preposition
    • in a temper
    See full entry
  4. -tempered
     (in adjectives构成形容词) having a particular type of temper有…脾气的；心情…的
    • good-/bad-tempered脾气好的／坏的
    • a sweet-tempered child性情温和的小孩
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective
    • bad
    • filthy
    • foul
    • …
    verb + temper
    • improve
    temper + verb
    • improve
    • fray
    preposition
    • in a temper
    See full entry
    5. Word OriginOld English temprian ‘bring something into the required condition by mixing it with something else’, from Latin temperare ‘mingle, restrain’. Sense development was probably influenced by Old French temprer ‘to temper, moderate’. The noun originally denoted a proportionate mixture of elements or qualities, also the combination of the four bodily humours, believed in medieval times to be the basis of temperament, hence senses (1) to (3) (late Middle English). Compare with temperament.
Idioms
have a quick/short temper
  1. to become angry easily性子急；容易发脾气 see also quick-tempered, short-temperedTopics Feelingsc2
lose/keep your temper (with somebody)
  1. to fail/manage to control your anger发脾气；忍住怒火
    • She lost her temper with a customer and shouted at him.她对一位顾客发了脾气，冲着他大喊大叫。
    • I struggle to keep my temper with the kids when they misbehave.孩子们淘气时，我强捺住性子不发脾气。
    Extra Examples
    • She loses her temper easily.她动不动就发脾气。
    • I only just managed to keep my temper with him.我勉强忍住没有对他发脾气。

temper

verb
/ˈtempə(r)/
/ˈtempər/
[usually passive]
Verb Forms
present simple I / you / we / they temper
/ˈtempə(r)/
/ˈtempər/
he / she / it tempers
/ˈtempəz/
/ˈtempərz/
past simple tempered
/ˈtempəd/
/ˈtempərd/
past participle tempered
/ˈtempəd/
/ˈtempərd/
-ing form tempering
/ˈtempərɪŋ/
/ˈtempərɪŋ/
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  1. (formal) to make something less severe by adding something that has the opposite effect使缓和；使温和
    • be tempered with something Justice must be tempered with mercy.法外尚需施恩。
    • be tempered by something The hot sunny days were tempered by a light breeze.一阵轻风为晴朗炎热的天气带去些许凉意。
    • His delight was tempered by regret.遗憾冲淡了他的喜悦。
  2. (specialist) to make metal as hard as it needs to be by heating and then cooling it使（金属）回火
    • be tempered The blade is hardened and tempered so that it resists damage.刀片经过硬化和回火处理，以防止损坏。
    • tempered steel回火钢。
    3. Word OriginOld English temprian ‘bring something into the required condition by mixing it with something else’, from Latin temperare ‘mingle, restrain’. Sense development was probably influenced by Old French temprer ‘to temper, moderate’. The noun originally denoted a proportionate mixture of elements or qualities, also the combination of the four bodily humours, believed in medieval times to be the basis of temperament, hence senses (1) to (3) (late Middle English). Compare with temperament.
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 4768 COCA: 6436
temper

noun¹

 1tendency to become angry easily脾氣ADJECTIVE | ... OF TEMPER | VERB + TEMPER | TEMPER + VERB | TEMPER + NOUN | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤bad, explosive, fierce, fiery, hot, nasty, terrible, violent, volatile壞脾氣；一點就爆的脾氣；火暴的脾氣；極壞的脾氣；暴烈的脾氣；反複無常的脾氣▸➤quick, short急脾氣；暴躁的脾氣▸➤uncontrollable難以控制的脾氣... OF TEMPER➤display, fit, flash, outburst一通脾氣發作；一通發火◇He broke the chair in a fit of violent temper.他大發雷霆，把椅子摔壞了。VERB + TEMPER➤have有⋯脾氣◇He has a nasty temper.他脾氣很壞。➤control, keep捺住性子；忍住脾氣◇I only just managed to keep my temper with him.我勉強忍住沒有對他發脾氣。➤lose發脾氣◇She loses her temper easily.她動不動就發脾氣。TEMPER + VERB➤flare, rise脾氣發作／上來◇Tempers flared as the traffic jam became worse.隨着交通堵塞狀況的惡化，人們火氣越來越大。➤cool, cool down怒氣緩和TEMPER + NOUN➤tantrum耍小孩兒脾氣PHRASES➤keep your temper in check, keep your temper under control控制住脾氣◇He had to learn to keep his temper under control before he could become a teacher.他得先學會控制自己的脾氣，然後才能當老師。
temper

noun²

 2way you are feeling心情ADJECTIVE | VERB + TEMPER | TEMPER + VERB | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤bad, filthy, foul, ill, terrible壞心情；糟糕的情緒；極壞的心情◇Peter's comments were responsible for her ill temper.彼得的話讓她心情不好。➤good好心情▸➤frayed煩躁的情緒◇Frayed tempers at the end led to three players being sent off.終場前的急躁情緒導致 3 名隊員被罰下場。VERB + TEMPER➤improve使情緒好轉TEMPER + VERB➤improve情緒改善▸➤fray情緒變煩躁PREPOSITION➤in a temper情緒不佳◇He stormed out of the room in a temper.他怒氣沖沖地出了房間。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 4768 COCA: 6436
temper noun
⇨ temper (have a short temper) ⇨ lose your temper ⇨ lose your tempertemper verb
⇨ moderatetemper

noun

temper ♦︎ tantrum ♦︎ rage ♦︎ mood ♦︎ sulk ♦︎ huffThese are all words for a short period of angry behaviour or of feeling angry. 这些词均表示发脾气、怒气、不悦。SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺 下图显示这些词所表达发脾气的程度
mood➔temper➔rage
sulktantrum
huff
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to be in a temper / rage / huff at / about / over sth◆in a temper / rage / mood / sulk / huff◆a violent temper / tantrum / rage◆to have a temper / a tantrum / the sulks◆to get in a temper / rage / huff◆to fly into a temper / rage■ temper [countable, usually singular, uncountable] if sb has a temper, they get angry easily 脾气；易怒的性情◆He has a short / quick temper (= gets angry very easily).他是个急性子。◆You must learn to control your temper.你得学会捺住性子。◆After an hour of waiting tempers began to fray (= people began to get angry).等了一个小时后，大伙开始冒火了。◆She broke the plates in a fit of temper.她一气之下把盘子都摔碎了。ⓘ A temper is also a short period of feeling very angry. * temper亦指一阵暴怒、怒气◆She says awful things when she's in a temper.她一发脾气说话就很难听。   see also lose your temper ⇨ lose your temper ■ tantrum ˈtæntrəm [countable] a sudden short period of angry, unreasonable behaviour, especially in a child （尤指儿童）耍脾气，使性子◆They claimed she threw tantrums and was difficult to work with.他们说她爱使性子，很难一起工作。◆Young children often have temper tantrums.小孩子经常爱使性子。■ rage [countable] a period of violent anger that is difficult to control 暴怒；狂怒◆Sue stormed out in a rage.苏大发雷霆。◆She attacked him in a jealous rage.她因妒忌而发怒攻击他。  see also rage ⇨ anger noun ■ mood [countable] a period of being angry or impatient 坏心境；坏脾气◆I wonder why he's in such a mood today.我不知道他为什么今天脾气这么坏。◆She was in one of her moods (= one of her regular periods of being angry or impatient).她心情又不好了。◆to be in a bad / foul / filthy / terrible mood情绪不佳／很差／很坏／极糟  see also mood ⇨ mood , moody ⇨ moody ■ sulk [countable] (BrE also the sulks [plural]) a period of being silent and bad-tempered because you are annoyed about sth 生闷气；愠怒◆Jo was in a sulk upstairs.乔在楼上生闷气。◆Ed's got the sulks again.埃德又生闷气了。  see also sulk ⇨ brood verb , sulky ⇨ irritable ■ huff [countable] (informal) a period of being bad-tempered, especially because sb has annoyed or upset you 怒气冲冲，生气（尤指被人惹恼或烦乱所致）◆She went home in a huff.她怒气冲冲地回家了。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 4768 COCA: 6436
temper
Anger and annoyance: asperity, anger, annoyance...
General words for moods and emotions: mood, emotion, feelings...
To become, or to make something weaker: lessen, reduce, subside...
Metalworking and forms of metal: anvil, bar, beat...

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