-
a word or words that a particular person, animal, place or thing is known by 名字；名称 What's your name? 你叫什么名字？ What is/was the name, please? (= a polite way of asking somebody’s name) 请问您叫什么名字？ Please write your full name and address below. 请将您的姓名和地址写在下面。 Leave your name and number (= phone number) and we'll call you later. 请留下你的姓名和电话号码，我们稍后给你打电话。 Are you changing your name when you get married? 结婚时你要改姓氏吗？ She uses her married name at work. 她在工作中使用她已婚的名字。 The singer's real name is Bob Rich. 这位歌手的真名是鲍勃·里奇。 His full name was William Augustus Grove. 他的全名是威廉•奥古斯塔斯•格罗夫。 His father was a painter of the same name. 他的父亲是一位同名画家。 Do you know the name of this flower? 你知道这是什么花吗？ - name for something
Rubella is just another name for German measles. 风疹只是德国麻疹的另一个名称。 - under a… name
The company reopened under a new name. 该公司以新名称重新开业。
More About names and titlessee also assumed name, brand name, code name, domain name, family name, filename, first name, forename, given name, household name, last name, maiden name, middle name, nickname, pen name, pet name, place name, screen name, surname, stage name, trade name, usernamenames and titles 名字和称谓 Names 名字 - Your name is either your whole name or one part of your name:
name 既指全名也指名字的一部分： My name is Maria. 我的名字叫玛丽亚。 His name is Tom Smith. 他的名字叫汤姆 · 史密斯。
- Your last name or family name (also called surname in British English) is the name that all members of your family share.
- Your first name/names (formal forename) is/are the name(s) your parents gave you when you were born. In British English some people use the expression Christian name(s) to refer to a person’s first name(s).
- Your middle name(s) is/are any name(s) your parents gave you other than the one that is placed first. The initial of this name is often used as part of your name, especially in America:
John T. Harvey 约翰 · T. 哈维
- Your full name is all your names, usually in the order: first + middle + last name
- A woman’s maiden name is the family name she had before she got married. Some women keep this name after they are married and do not use their husband’s name. In North America, married women often use their maiden name followed by their husband’s family name:
Hillary Rodham Clinton. 希拉里 · 罗德汉姆 · 克林顿
Titles 称谓 - Mr (for both married and unmarried men)
称已婚和未婚男子 - Mrs (for married women)
称已婚妇女 - Miss (for unmarried women)
称未婚女子 - Ms (a title that some women prefer to use as it does not distinguish between married and unmarried women)
有些妇女喜欢用此称谓，因为没有指明已婚或未婚 - Doctor, Professor, President, Vice-President, Reverend (or Rev), etc.
医生、教授、校长、副校长、牧师等
- first name, if you know them well:
Hello, Maria. 你好，玛丽亚。
- or title + surname:
或称谓 + 姓： Hello, Mr Brown. 你好，布朗先生。
- or Doctor (medical), Professor, etc. on its own:
或单独用医生、教授等： Thank you, Doctor. 谢谢你，医生。
Culture namesnames 名字 Extra ExamplesTopics Family and relationshipsa1This is his second book published under his own name. 这是他以自己的名字出版的第二本书。 Many postures use the names of animals, like cat, dog or crab. 许多姿势使用动物的名字，像猫、狗或螃蟹。 ‘Does that name mean anything to you?’ ‘Yes, it does ring a bell (= it is familiar).’ “你知道这个名字吗？”“是的，的确听着耳熟。” As the name implies, Oxford was the place at which oxen could ford the river. 牛津这个名字的含义是牛可以涉水而过的地方。 He invoked the name of Freud in support of his argument. 他援引弗洛伊德来支持他的论点。 He was elected Pope in 1978 and took the name of John Paul II. 他于 1978 年获选为教皇，从名约翰・保罗二世。 He's been in four movies with Spielberg's name attached. 在斯皮尔伯格执导的电影中，他出演过 4 部。 His name is synonymous with the worst excesses of sixties architecture. 他的名字是 60 年代建筑最铺张无度的代名词。 His name sounds familiar. 他的名字很耳熟。 His name was immortalized in 1992 when he scored three goals in the space of five minutes. 1992 年他因为在5 分钟内3 次射门得分而名垂青史。 His wife and sister share the same name, Sarah. 他妻子和他姐姐同名，都叫萨拉。 How do you know my name? 你是怎么知道我的名字的？ I asked him his name. 我问了他的名字。 I do not want my name associated with these products. 我不想让我的名字和这些产品联系在一起。 I have a bad memory for names and faces. 我不善于记人记名。 I'm afraid I've forgotten your name. 我恐怕想不起你的名字了。 I'm sorry, I didn't catch your name. 抱歉，我没听清你的名字。 I've heard that name mentioned before. 我以前曾听说过那个名字。 Muhammad Ali's birth name was Cassius Clay. 穆罕默德・阿里的乳名是卡修斯・克莱。 Nobody puts (= gives) their name to a business they are not proud of. 没人愿意用自己的名字来命名他们不以为豪的公司。 She uses a different name in her professional life. 她在工作中用的是另一个名字。 She was given the name Maria, after her grandmother. 她的名字是玛丽亚，跟她祖母一个名。 Somebody called out her name from below. 有人在下面大声喊她的名字。 St Petersburg has gone back to its original name. 圣彼得堡又改用原名了。 The Brady bill acquired its name from its best-known sponsor, James Brady. 布雷迪法案得名于其最著名的发起人詹姆斯・布雷迪。 The Julian calendar was introduced by Julius Caesar and hence carries his name. 儒略历是由尤利乌斯・凯撒推行的，因此就沿用了他的名字。 The common name for the flower is ‘pineapple lily’. 这种花的俗名叫做“凤梨百合”。 The island is more commonly known by the name ‘Krakatoa’. 这个岛更通用的名字是“科拉卡特”。 The name of the artist appears on the vase. 这位艺术家的名字出现在花瓶上。 The scientific name for plants in this genus is Asclepias. 该属的植物的学名是马利筋。 The village of Low Catton takes its name from the Old English personal name ‘Catta’. 洛卡顿这个村子的名字取自古英语中的人名“卡塔”。 Their original band name was ‘Cherry Five’ 他们乐队最初的名字是“樱桃五”。 They put his name forward as one of the five candidates for the post. 他们提名他为该职位的 5 个候选人之一。 We cannot mention the suspect's name for legal reasons. 出于法律原因，我们不能提及嫌疑人的名字。 Where does the band name come from? 这个乐队的名称缘何而来？ The name's Bond. 名字是邦德。
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective- Christian
- first
- given
- …
- have
- bear
- carry
- …
- appear
- sound…
- imply something
- …
- badge
- tag
- plate
- …
- by name
- by the name of
- in somebody/something’s name
- …
- a change of name
- give your name to something
- a list of names
- …
- [usually singular]
a reputation that somebody/something has; the opinion that people have about somebody/something 名誉；名声；名气 She first made her name as a writer of children's books. 她最初是以儿童读物作家成名的。 He's made quite a name for himself (= become famous). 他闯出了名气。 The college has a good name for languages. 这所大学的语言教学颇有名气。 This kind of behaviour gives students a bad name. 这种行为使学生们背上骂名。
Extra ExamplesTopics Opinion and argumentb2There was a campaign to blacken his name. 有一场抹黑他名字的运动。 These practices give the industry a bad name. 这些做法让该行业背上骂名。 We must avoid anything that might damage the good name of the firm. 我们必须避免做任何可能有损公司良好声誉的事。 They tried to protect the good name of the college. 他们努力保护学院的良好声誉。 This kind of behaviour gives students a bad name. 这种行为使学生们背上骂名。 Throughout his years in prison, he fought to clear his name. 在整个服刑期间，他奋力证明自己名誉的清白。 He accomplished a remarkable feat in restoring the name of the bank to something like its former eminence. 他完成了一项非凡的壮举，将该银行的名字恢复到了昔日的显赫地位。 The area got a bad name after a series of nasty murders. 这个地区因一系列恶性谋杀案而留下恶名。 The company has a name for reliability. 这家公司以可靠着称。 The riots after the match only served to blacken the name of football. 赛后的骚乱只会给足球运动抹黑。 He made his name writing travel books. 他写游记出了名。 These articles have damaged the good name of the newspaper. 这些文章损害了这家报纸良好的声誉。
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective- big
- good
- bad
- …
- have
- become
- make
- …
- name for
- somebody’s name is mud
(in compound adjectives 构成复合形容词 having a name or a reputation of the kind mentioned, especially one that is known by a lot of people 有…名称的；以…著名的；有…名声的 a big-name company 著名公司 brand-name goods 名牌产品
a famous person 名人 He is a big name in the world of rock music. 在摇滚乐圈子里他大名鼎鼎。 Some of the biggest names in the art world were at the party. 一些艺术界的头面人物参加了聚会。 The event attracted many famous names from the past. 这次活动吸引了许多昔日的名人。 The movie needs some names in it, if it’s going to be successful. 这部电影要想成功，需要一些名字。
Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective- big
- familiar
- famous
- …
Word OriginOld English nama, noma (noun), (ge)namian (verb), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch naam and German Name, from a root shared by Latin nomen and Greek onoma.
Idioms
answer to the name of something
(especially of a pet animal 尤指宠物 to be called something 名叫；叫作 The dog was an ugly brute, answering to the name of Spike. 这只狗是一只丑陋的野兽，名叫斯派克。
be somebody’s middle name
a big noise/shot/name
an important person 大人物；要人
by name
by the name of…
- (formal)
who is called 名叫…的 a young actor by the name of Tom Rees 名叫汤姆 · 里斯的年轻演员
call somebody names
to use offensive words about somebody 辱骂；谩骂 Stop calling me names! 不要再骂我啦。
drag somebody through the 'mud'dirt | drag somebody's name through the 'mud/'dirt
- (informal)
to criticize or say bad things about somebody in public, in a way that is unfair 名称： 以不公平的方式批评或在公众场合对某人说坏话The paper has dragged his name through the mud. 报纸把他的名字拖进了泥沼。 They feel their agency has been dragged through the mud by the press. 他们觉得他们的机构被新闻界拖进了泥沼。 Football's good name is being dragged through the dirt. 足球的好名声正在被玷污。
drop names
to mention famous people you know or have met in order to impress others 提及自己认识或见过的名人以抬高身价 She found him rather irritating to talk to; all he did was drop names. 她发现跟他说话真没意思，他只会提一些名人的名字炫耀自己。
enter somebody’s/your name (for something)
(also put somebody’s/your name down (for something))
give a dog a bad name
- (saying)
when a person already has a bad reputation, it is difficult to change it because others will continue to blame or suspect him/her 恶名难洗；名声一毁，万难挽回
give your name to something
to discover or invent something which then becomes known by your name 用自己的名字命名所发明之物 Henry Hudson gave his name to New York's Hudson River. 亨利·哈德逊以纽约的哈德逊河命名。
Extra ExamplesThe invading Franks gave their name to the country in which they settled. 入侵的法兰克人以他们的名字命名所定居的地方。 The Huron people gave their name to one of the Great Lakes. 休伦人以自己的名字命名五大湖中的一个湖。 Charles Macintosh gave his name to a type of raincoat. 查尔斯·麦金托什以一种雨衣命名。
go by the name of…
to use a name that may not be your real one 自称为…；假称是… a thief who goes by the name of ‘The Cat’ 一个名叫“猫”的小偷 He goes by the name of Jonno. 他被叫作乔诺。
have your/somebody’s name on it | with your/somebody’s name on it
- (informal)
if something has your name on it, or there is something with your name on it, it is intended for you 是冲…来的；是为…准备的 He took my place and got killed. It should have been me—that bullet had my name on it. 他代替我，结果送了命。死的本该是我，那颗子弹是冲着我来的。 Are you coming for dinner this evening? I've got a steak here with your name on it! 今晚你来吃饭吗？我为你准备了一块牛排呢！
in all but name
in God’s/Heaven’s name | in the name of God/Heaven
in the name of somebody/something | in somebody’s/something’s name
for somebody; showing that something officially belongs to somebody 为（某人）；在…名下 We reserved two tickets in the name of Brown. 我们用布朗的名字预订了两张票。 The car is registered in my name. 这辆车是用我的名字登记的。
Extra ExamplesThe account is in joint names. 这个账户用的是联名。 The tickets were booked in the name of McLean. 这些票是以麦克莱恩的名字预订的。
using the authority of somebody/something; as a representative of somebody/something 凭…的权威；代表 used to give a reason or an excuse for doing something, often when what you are doing is wrong 以…的名义；以…为借口 crimes committed in the name of religion 以宗教名义进行的犯罪活动
in name only
lend your name to something (formal)
to let it be known in public that you support or agree with something 公开表示支持 to have a place named after you 以…的名字命名（某地方）
somebody’s name is mud
- (informal, usually humorous)
used to say that somebody is not liked or popular because of something they have done 某人臭名昭著 Your name’s mud around here at the moment! 你的名字现在就在这附近！ If you tell our secret your name will be mud round here. 如果你说出我们的秘密，你的名字在这里将是一片泥泞。
name names
to give the names of the people involved in something, especially something wrong or illegal 供出，说出（犯事者等）的名字 He has accused the government of corruption and claims he is prepared to name names. 他指责政府腐败，并声称他准备指名道姓。 Detectives believe that a hitman was sent to silence the witness before he could name names. 侦探相信有人找杀手在证人作证前灭了口。
the name of the game
a name to conjure with (British English)
- (North American English a name to reckon with)
a person or thing that is well known and respected in a particular field 大名鼎鼎的人；重量级人物；影响巨大的事物 - (humorous)
used when you mention a name that you think is difficult to remember or pronounce 难记的名字；拗口的名字
put a name to somebody/something
rejoice in the name of…
a rose by any other name would smell as sweet
- (saying)
what is important is what people or things are, not what they are called 玫瑰不叫玫瑰，依然芳香如故；名称并不是重要的东西
take somebody’s name in vain
(have something) to your name
to have or own something 拥有；获得；收归某人的名下 an Olympic athlete with five gold medals to his name 夺得五枚金牌的一名奥林匹克运动员 She doesn’t have a penny/cent to her name (= she is very poor). 她身无分文。
under the name (of)…
using a name that may not be your real name 用…名字；以…假名 The room was booked under a false name. 这个房间是用假名预订的。