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TOEFL BNC: 3132 COCA: 3342

collective

adjective
/kəˈlektɪv/
/kəˈlektɪv/
[usually before noun]
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  1. done or shared by all members of a group of people; involving a whole group or society集体的;共有的;共同的
    • collective leadership/decision-making/responsibility集体领导/决策;共同责任
    • collective memory (= things that a group of people or a community know or remember, that are often passed from parents to children)集体记忆
    Extra Examples
    • It was formed as a permanent association of employers to represent their collective interests.它是作为代表雇主集体利益的永久性协会成立的。
    • MPs heaved a collective sigh of relief when the news was announced last night.昨晚消息发布时,下院议员一起如释重负地松了口气。
    • The austerities of wartime Europe were still fresh in the collective memory.战时欧洲的艰苦生活在公众的集体记忆中仍然鲜活。
    • There has to be a balance between individual choice and collective responsibility.个人选择和集体责任之间必须有一个平衡。
    • We encourage collective decision-making about patient care, involving medical staff, the patient and family.我们鼓励关于病人护理的集体决策,涉及医务人员、病人和家庭。
    Topics Discussion and agreementc1, People in societyc1
  2. used to refer to all members of a group全体成员的;总体的
    • The collective name for mast, boom and sails on a boat is the ‘rig’.船的桅杆、帆桁和帆总称为 “索具”。
  3. Word Originlate Middle English (in the sense ‘representing many individuals’): from Old French collectif, -ive or Latin collectivus, from collect- ‘gathered together’, from the verb colligere, from col- ‘together’ + legere ‘choose or collect’.

collective

noun
/kəˈlektɪv/
/kəˈlektɪv/
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  1. a group of people who own a business or a farm and run it together; the business that they run企业集团;合作农场;集体企业
    • an independent collective making films for television为电视制作影片的独立集体企业
    Topics Businessc2
    Word Originlate Middle English (in the sense ‘representing many individuals’): from Old French collectif, -ive or Latin collectivus, from collect- ‘gathered together’, from the verb colligere, from col- ‘together’ + legere ‘choose or collect’.

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