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IELTS BNC: 499 COCA: 641
material noun
material (building materials) equipment (cleaning/teaching materials) fabric (a piece of material) information (collect material for a novel)
material adj.
relevant
material

noun

material ♦︎ substance ♦︎ chemical ♦︎ gas ♦︎ liquid ♦︎ fluid ♦︎ stuff ♦︎ matter ♦︎ solid ♦︎ elementThese are all words for sth from which other things are made. 这些词均表示材料、原料、物质。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配a natural material / substance / chemical / gasa chemical substance / elementorganic material / substances / chemicals / liquid / matter / elementsradioactive material / substances / chemicals / gas / liquid / matter / elementsa toxic material / substance / chemical / gas / liquid / elementa flammable material / substance / gas / liquid(a) sticky substance / stuff / liquid / fluid / solidwaste material / chemicals / gas / matter material [countable, uncountable] something that things can be made from 材料;原料Toxic chemicals and other materials have been found.已查出有毒化学品和其他原料。There were bricks, sand and other building materials in the courtyard.院子里有砖、沙子和其他建筑材料。Oil is the raw material for plastic.石油是生产塑料的原料。 substance [countable] a material that has particular qualities 物质;物品Psychoactive drugs are chemical substances that act on the brain.精神药物是作用于大脑的化学物质。Substances can be divided into elements, compounds and mixtures.物质可分为元素、化合物和混合物。 chemical [countable] a substance obtained by or used in a chemical process (= a process that involves changes to molecules or atoms) 化学制品;化学品This chemical is often used to make cleaning products.这种化学品常用来制作清洁产品。Hormones are chemicals that are released in the body and control many important functions.激素是体内释放的化学物质,调控很多重要的机能。 gas [countable, uncountable] any substance like air that is neither a solid nor a liquid, for example hydrogen or oxygen 气体Air is a mixture of gases.空气为混合气体。Producing methane gas from organic waste is another extremely practical use of resources.利用有机废物生产沼气是另一种极为切实可行的利用资源的方法。 liquid [countable, uncountable] a substance that flows freely and is not a solid or a gas, for example water or oil 液体She offered me a cup containing a dark brown liquid.她递给我一杯深棕色的液体。As the air became warmer the droplets of liquid turned to invisible water vapour.随着空气变热,液滴转化成看不见的水蒸气。 liquid

adjective

Water is liquid at room temperature.水在室温下是液态的。The samples were frozen in liquid nitrogen.这些样本冷冻在液态氮中。OPP solid solid
fluid ˈfluːɪd [countable, uncountable] (formal or technical 术语) a liquid; a substance that can flow 液体;流体;液The doctor told him to drink plenty of fluids.医生嘱咐他多喝流质。The attacker's DNA pattern was identified from a sample of body fluid.袭击者的DNA图谱从体液样本中鉴定了出来。Although a fluid is usually a liquid, it can be any substance which can flow, for example a gas or a liquid containing small solid pieces. 尽管fluid通常是liquid,但也有可能是任何流动的物质,如气体或含小块固体的液体。 stuff [uncountable] (informal) used to refer to a substance or material when you do not know the name, when the name is not important or when it is obvious what you are talking about (用于事物名称不详、无关紧要或所指事物明显时)东西,物品,玩意儿What's all that sticky stuff on the carpet?地毯上那黏糊糊的都是什么玩意儿?The chairs were covered in some sort of plastic stuff.那些椅子包了某种塑料膜。This wine is good stuff.这酒不错。 (disapproving) I don't know how you can eat that stuff.我不明白你怎么能吃那种东西。 see also stuff thing 3 , thing thing 2 matter [uncountable] (formal or physics 物理) a substance or things of a particular sort; physical substance in general that everything in the world consists of; not mind or spirit (某种)东西,物品,材料;(统称)物质The soil is rich in organic matter.这里的土壤富含有机物。She didn't approve of their choice of reading matter.她不赞同他们挑选的阅读材料。The behaviour of matter can be quantified by measures such as weight.物质的特性可以用重量等度量单位来作量化描述。 solid [countable] a substance or object that is hard or firm, not a liquid or gas 固体Is calcium carbonate normally a solid or a liquid?碳酸钙在通常情况下是固体还是液体?The baby is not yet on solids (= eating solid food).那婴儿还不能吃固体食物。 see also solid solid adj. element [countable] (chemistry 化学) a simple chemical substance that consists of atoms of only one type and cannot be split by chemical means into a simpler substance. Gold, oxygen and carbon are all elements. 元素(如金、氧、碳)All chemical substances, whether elements, compounds or mixtures, are made up of three types of particles.所有化学物质,无论是元素、化合物还是混合物,都由三种粒子构成。

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