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BNC: 19 COCA: 18
do verb
⇨ do 1 (do some research) ⇨ do 2 (do well at school) ⇨ behave (Do as you're told.) ⇨ go 2 (do thousands of miles) ⇨ learn (do biology/Shakespeare) ⇨ make 1 (do a drawing) ⇨ play 3 (do ‘Hamlet’) ⇨ pose (do an Irish accent) ⇨ solve 2 (do a puzzle/sum) ⇨ stay 2 (do Tokyo in three days) ⇨ take 9 (do drugs) ⇨ do something ⇨ act ⇨ have/be to do with sth ⇨ apply 2 ⇨ be done ⇨ finishdo1

verb

 do the washing/some research 洗衣服；做研究do well at school 在学校学习好do ♦︎ carry sth out ♦︎ conduct ♦︎ undertake ♦︎ perform ♦︎ implement ♦︎ commit ♦︎ practise ♦︎ go through sthThese words all mean to work at an activity or task. 这些词均表示从事、执行、操作。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to do / carry out / conduct / undertake / perform the work◆to do / carry out / conduct / undertake / perform a / an activity / analysis / investigation / review / assessment / evaluation◆to do / carry out / conduct / undertake business◆to do / carry out / conduct / perform / go through a test◆to do / carry out / undertake / perform a task / job◆to do / carry out / perform / go through a manoeuvre◆to do / carry out / perform / practise surgery◆to do / carry out / implement a plan / policy / strategy◆to do / carry out / conduct / undertake / perform / implement sth effectively / efficiently / properly / successfully◆to do / conduct / perform / implement sth well / poorly■ do (does, did, done) [transitive] to work at an activity, task or job 从事（工作）；进行（活动）；执行（任务）◆I do aerobics once a week.我每周做一次有氧健身运动。◆I'm doing some research on the subject.我正就这一课题进行研究。◆I have a number of things to do today.我今天有几件事要做。◆What do you do (= what is your job)?你是做什么工作的？◆What did she do for a living?她过去以什么谋生？ⓘ Do is often used to refer to actions that you do not mention by name or do not know about. * do常指做一些没有言明或不甚了解的事情◆What are you doing this evening?今晚你打算做什么？◆There's nothing to do (= no means of passing the time in an enjoyable way) in this place.这地方没什么好玩的。◆The company ought to do something about the poor service.这公司应该采取点措施解决服务差的问题。◆There's nothing we can do about it (= we can't change the situation).我们对此毫无办法。◆What can I do for you (= how can I help)?我能为您做点什么？ ⓘ Do is often used with nouns for activities or tasks such as shopping or cleaning. * do常与表示活动或工作的名词如shopping或cleaning连用◆ (BrE) I like listening to the radio when I'm doing the ironing.我喜欢边熨衣服边听收音机。◆She did a lot of acting when she was at college.她上大学时演过很多戏。◆You could help me by doing (= washing) the dishes.你可以帮我洗碗。◆I like the way you've done your hair.我喜欢你梳的发式。 ■ ˌcarry sth ˈout

phrasal verb

 (rather formal) to do and complete a task or action 执行，完成（任务）；开展（活动）◆We carry out routine maintenance of the equipment.我们对设备进行日常维护。◆The company has just carried out a major cost-cutting exercise.这家公司刚刚实行了一次重要的削减成本举措。◆The pilot has to carry out a series of complex manoeuvres.飞行员必须完成一系列复杂的机动动作。◆The massacre was carried out by enemy troops.那次大屠杀是敌军干的。ⓘ Carry out is used to talk about work, tasks or crimes; but even in the case of crimes, they are often crimes that have been carefully planned or ordered. * carry out指从事工作、任务或犯罪活动，但即使表示从事犯罪活动，也指精心策划或组织的犯罪。■ conduct kənˈdʌkt [transitive] (formal) to organize and/or do a particular activity 组织；安排；实施◆We conducted the experiment under controlled circumstances.我们是在严格控制的情况下进行那次实验的。◆The negotiations have been conducted in a positive manner.那几次谈判是以一种积极的方式组织安排的。◆The interrogation was conducted by senior police officers.担任审问工作的是一些高级警官。ⓘ Conduct is often used with words like enquiry, inquest, interview, interrogation, investigation, survey and study, in which people are trying to get answers to questions. * conduct常与enquiry、inquest、interview、interrogation、investigation、survey和study连用，表示设法给问题找到答案。■ undertake ˌʌndəˈteɪk; NAmE ˌʌndərˈteɪk(undertook, undertaken) [transitive] (formal) to make yourself responsible for sth and start doing it 承担；从事；负责◆The directors of the company refused to undertake such a risky venture.公司董事拒绝承担这样一个高风险的经营项目。◆A group of enthusiasts has undertaken the reconstruction of a steam locomotive.一群热心者已经承担起一台蒸汽机车的复原工作。ⓘ Undertake is usually used to talk about an important job that a person or group of people takes responsibility for. * undertake通常指承担或负责重要的工作。   see also undertaking ⇨ project ■ perform [transitive] (rather formal, especially written) to do sth, such as a piece of work, task or duty 做；履行；执行◆A computer can perform many tasks at once.电脑能同时做多项工作。◆She performs an important role in our organization.她在我们的组织中发挥着重要的作用。◆He performed miracles to get everything ready in time.他及时把一切都准备妥当，创造了奇迹。NOTE 辨析 Carry out or perform? Carry out places emphasis on the amount of work, especially when this lasts a period of time and is done according to a plan. Perform often emphasizes the skill involved. * carry out强调工作的量，尤其是须持续一段时间和按计划完成的工作；perform常强调工作所涉及的技能◆carry out miracles/an important role ◆perform inquiries/a cost-cutting exercise Carry out, but not perform, can be used to talk about negative actions such as attack, abuse, assault, assassination and killing. * carry out可用于attack、abuse、assault、assassination和killing之类的有害行为，perform则不能。 ■ implement ˈɪmplɪment [transitive] (rather formal) to make sth that has been officially decided start to happen or be used 实施；贯彻；执行◆We have not yet begun to implement the changes.我们尚未实行这些变革。◆We are implementing a new system of stock control.我们正在实施一种新的库存管理系统。■ commit (-tt-) [transitive] to do sth wrong or illegal 做（错误或非法的事）；犯（罪或错等）◆What leads someone to commit murder?导致人犯谋杀罪的原因是什么？◆We heard of some of the appalling crimes committed against innocent children.我们听到一些对无辜儿童犯下的骇人听闻的罪行。ⓘ Commit collocates with crime, offence, atrocity, outrage and sin and some words for different crimes and sins, including murder, assault, robbery, adultery and blasphemy. To commit suicide is to kill yourself deliberately. * commit与crime、offence、atrocity、outrage和sin搭配，也与表示不同罪行或罪过的词如murder、assault、robbery、adultery和blasphemy搭配。commit suicide指自杀。■ practise (BrE) (NAmE practice) [transitive] (rather formal) to do sth regularly as part of your normal behaviour 经常做（某事）；养成⋯的习惯◆A lot of couples now practise safe sex.许多夫妻现在实行安全性行为。◆Do you still practise your religion?你还奉行你的宗教信仰吗？◆Train yourself to practise self-restraint.对自己进行训练以培养自制力。   see also practice ⇨ use noun ■ go through sth

phrasal verb

(went, gone)to perform a series of actions; to follow a method or procedure 执行某行动；实行某方法；履行某程序◆Certain formalities have to be gone through before you can emigrate.必须办理一定的手续方能移居他国。◆We go through the same old routine every morning.每天早上我们都要做一遍同一套的例行程序。do2

verb

 do the washing/some research 洗衣服；做研究do well at school 在学校学习好do ♦︎ go ♦︎ perform ♦︎ fare ♦︎ get on/alongThese verbs are all used to talk or ask about the success or progress of sb/sth. 这些词均用来询问或谈论事情的进展。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to do / go / perform / fare / get on / get along well◆to do / go / perform brilliantly / excellently / badly◆to do / perform / fare poorly■ do (does, did, done) [intransitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) (especially spoken) used to talk or ask about the success or progress of sb/sth （谈论或询问时用）进展，进行◆How is the business doing?生意好吗？◆She did well out of (= made a big profit from) the deal.她从这笔交易中赚了不少钱。◆He's doing very well at school (= his work is good).他在学校里学习很不错。◆Both mother and baby are doing well (= after the birth of the baby).母子平安。◆ (informal) How are you doing (= how are you)?你好吗？■ go (went, gone) [intransitive] (especially spoken) used to talk or ask about the success or progress of sth （事情）进展，进行◆'How did your interview go?' 'It went very well, thank you.'“你面试的情况如何？”“非常顺利，谢谢。”◆Did everything go smoothly?一切都顺利吗？◆How's it going (= is your life enjoyable, successful, etc. at the moment)?近况可好？◆The way things are going the company will be bankrupt by the end of the year.从事态发展的情况看，到年底这家公司就会破产。NOTE 辨析 Do or go? Do can be used to talk about the progress or success of either a person or a thing; go can only be used to talk about a thing. When you use do to talk about a thing, you are interested in how popular or profitable it is, so do is generally used to talk about the success of sth such as a business or other enterprise. Go is more general, used to describe sth that you experience, such as an event, an interview, a test, or things or life in general. * do可指人或事物的进展与成功，go则仅指事物。用do表示事物的进展时，关注的是受欢迎程度或赢利多少，所以do一般用于谈论生意或业务的成功。go更宽泛些，用于谈论自己经历过的事情，如某一事件，搭配interview、test、things或life等词。■ perform [intransitive] (rather formal) used to talk or ask about the success or progress of sb/sth, especially in business, sport or a test 进展，进行（尤用来询问或谈论生意、运动或考试的情况）◆The company has been performing poorly over the past year.这家公司过去一年业绩欠佳。◆If Rooney performs (= performs well) then I believe England can win.如果鲁尼发挥得好，我相信英格兰队能够获胜。◆She performed less well in the second test.她在第二次测验中表现欠佳。▸ performance

noun

 [uncountable, countable] ◆the country's economic performance这个国家的经济状况◆It was an impressive performance by the French team.那是法国队一次令人叹服的表现。■ fare [intransitive] (especially written) used to talk or ask about the success or progress of sb/sth （谈论或询问时用）进展，进行◆The party fared very badly in the last election.该党上次竞选情况很糟。◆The North, by and large, has fared better than most regions in avoiding high unemployment figures.总的说来，北部地区在避免出现高失业率方面比大多数地区都好些。NOTE 辨析 Perform or fare? Perform is more active than fare: a person or company that performs well is successful because of what they do; a person or group that fares well is successful, or just lucky, because good things happen to them or the conditions are right for them. Both these words are used to talk about people, groups or organizations, but not events. * perform的主动性比fare强，perform well指个人或公司因自身的努力而业绩突出，fare well指个人或群体取得成功，也可能只是幸运，即好事降临在他们头上或者情况有利于他们。两个词都用于人、群体或组织，不用于事件◆The interview performed/fared well. ■ ˌget ˈon■ ˌget aˈlong

phrasal verb

(getting, got, got; NAmE spoken getting, got, gotten) (especially BrE, rather informal) used to talk or ask about the success or progress of sb （谈论或询问某人的情况）进展，进行◆He's getting on very well at school.他在学校里学习很好。◆I went to see how they were getting along.我去看了他们的工作进展情况。ⓘ When get on/along is used with an adverb, it is usually well; it is not common to talk about sb getting on/along badly. The subject of get on/along is usually a person or small group of people in an informal context; it is not used to talk about businesses, organizations or events. * get on/along后接副词时通常接well，一般不说某人get on/along badly。在非正式语境中，get on/along的主语通常是一个人或一小组人，而不是生意、组织或事件。

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