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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1369 COCA: 1402
background noun
background (sb's family background) context (the historical background) environment (the mountains in the background)
background

noun

 See also the entry for family 3 另见family条第3义background ♦︎ record ♦︎ past ♦︎ history ♦︎ upbringing ♦︎ track record ♦︎ life historyThese are all words for the things that sb has done or the things that have happened to sb before now. 这些词均表示曾经做过或经历过的事。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配sb has a background / record / history / track record of sthsb has a background / record / track record in stha / an proven / impressive / excellent / poor record / track recorda religious / working class / middle class background / upbringinga colourful / chequered history / pastsb's criminal background / record / past / historysb's medical record / historyyour background / upbringing prepares you for / gives you sth background [countable] the details of a person's life before now, especially concerning their family, education and experience 出身背景;学历;经历sb's family / social / cultural / educational / class background某人的家庭/社会/文化/教育/阶级背景The classes are designed for students with a background in history or theology.这些课程是为有历史或神学知识的学生设计的。The job would suit someone with a business background.这项工作适合有商务经验的人。We are from very different backgrounds but we get on very well.我们的出身很不一样,但相处融洽。You can also talk about the background to an event or situation. * background也可表示事件或事态的背景。 see also background context record [singular] the facts that are known about sb/sth's past behaviour, character or achievements (有关过去的)事实;记录;功过The report criticizes the government's record on housing.报告批评政府在住房问题上的所作所为。The airline has a good safety record.这家航空公司的安全情况一向很好。He has an impressive record of achievement.他所取得的各项成就令人赞叹。 past [countable, usually singular] a person's life or career before now (某人)过去的经历(或事业)We don't know anything about his past.我们对他的过去一无所知。She didn't tell them about her boyfriend's criminal past.她没跟他们提起男友犯过罪。 Past can also be used to talk about an aspect of a place before now. * past也可表示某个地方昔日的一个侧面The country still suffers as a result of its colonial past.该国昔日曾为殖民地,至今仍深受其害。 history [singular] a record of sth happening frequently in the past of a person, family or place; the set of facts that are known about sb's past (某人的)经历;家族史;(某地的)沿革He has a history of violent crime.他有暴力犯罪的前科。There is a history of heart disease in my family.我家有家族心脏病史。The area has a history of subsidence problems.该地区的地面沉降是个老问题。 upbringing ˈʌpbrɪŋɪŋ [singular, uncountable] the way in which a child is cared for and taught how to behave while it is growing up 抚育;养育;培养She had had a very sheltered upbringing.她在备受呵护中长大。He was a Catholic by upbringing.他受家庭熏陶,从小就是个天主教徒。 ˈtrack record [singular] all the past achievements, successes or failures of a person or organization (个人或组织的)业绩记录As a company we have a proven track record in catering.我们公司有令人信赖的宴席承办业绩记录。Britain has a poor track record in foreign language teaching.英国外语教学的成绩乏善可陈。 ˌlife ˈhistory [countable] all the events that happen in the life of a person, animal or plant 生平;(生物的)生活史He sat at the bar and told me his whole life history.他坐在吧台旁,对我谈起自己一生的经历。The aim of the project is to study the life histories of insects.该项目旨在研究昆虫的生活史。

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