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IELTS BNC: 1495 COCA: 3492

unemployment

noun
 
/ˌʌnɪmˈplɔɪmənt/
/ˌʌnɪmˈplɔɪmənt/
[uncountable]
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  1.  
     the fact of a number of people not having a job; the number of people without a job失业；失业人数
    • an area of high/low unemployment 失业率高／低的地区
    • rising unemployment增长的失业率
    • It was a time of mass unemployment.当时有大批人失业。
    • Government schemes to combat youth unemployment政府解决青年失业问题的计划
    • the level/rate of unemployment失业人数；失业率
    • The unemployment rate rose to 4.7 per cent.失业率升至4.7%。
    • measures to help reduce/tackle unemployment旨在减少失业／缓解失业情况的措施
    • The point is that this type of economics causes unemployment.关键是这种类型的经济学会导致失业。
    • unemployment figures/statistics失业数字/统计数字
    • a rise in both inflation and unemployment通货膨胀和失业率的上升
    • He applied for unemployment insurance and was approved.他申请了失业保险，被批准了。
    Collocations The economyThe economy经济Managing the economy管理经济
    • handle/​run/​manage the economy管理经济
    • boost investment/​spending/​employment/​growth促进投资／支出／就业／增长速度
    • stimulate demand/​the economy/​industry刺激需求／经济／工业
    • cut/​reduce investment/​spending/​borrowing削减投资／支出／借贷
    • reduce/​curb/​control/​keep down inflation减少／遏制通货膨胀
    • create/​fuel growth/​demand/​a boom/​a bubble创造／刺激增长／需求／繁荣／泡沫
    • encourage/​foster/​promote/​stimulate/​stifle innovation/​competition鼓励／促进／刺激／抑制创新／竞争
    • encourage/​work with/​compete with the private sector鼓励私营部门；与私营部门合作／竞争
    • increase/​boost/​promote US/​agricultural exports增加／促进美国／农业出口
    • ban/​restrict/​block cheap/​foreign imports禁止／限制／阻止廉价／国外进口产品
    • the economy grows/​expands/​shrinks/​contracts/​slows (down)/recovers/​improves/​is booming经济增长／扩张／收缩／萎缩／放缓／复苏／改善／繁荣
    • enjoy an economic/​housing/​property boom享受经济／住房／房地产的繁荣期
    Economic problems经济问题
    • push up/​drive up prices/​costs/​inflation抬高价格／成本；加剧通货膨胀
    • damage/​hurt/​destroy industry/​the economy破坏工业／经济
    • cause/​lead to/​go into/​avoid/​escape recession引起／导致／进入／避开经济衰退
    • experience/​suffer a recession/​downturn经历／遭受经济衰退
    • fight/​combat inflation/​deflation/​unemployment抵抗通货膨胀／通货紧缩／失业
    • cause/​create inflation/​poverty/​unemployment导致／造成通货膨胀／贫穷／失业
    • create/​burst a housing/​stock market bubble造成／引爆住房／股票市场泡沫
    • cause/​trigger a stock market crash/​the collapse of the banking system引起股市崩盘／银行系统崩溃
    • face/​be plunged into a financial/​an economic crisis面临／陷入财政／经济危机
    • be caught in/​experience cycles of boom and bust陷入／经历周期性繁荣与萧条
    Public finance公共财政
    • cut/​reduce/​slash/​increase/​double the defence/​education/​aid budget
    • increase/​boost/​slash/​cut public spending增加／大幅削减／削减公共支出
    • increase/​put up/​raise/​cut/​lower/​reduce taxes提高／降低税收
    • raise/​cut/​lower/​reduce interest rates提高／降低利率
    • ease/​loosen/​tighten monetary policy放宽／收紧货币政策
    • balance the (state/​federal) budget平衡（州／联邦）预算
    • achieve/​maintain a balanced budget达到／保持预算平衡
    • run a ($4 trillion) budget deficit/​surplus有（4 万亿美元的）预算赤字／盈余
    • impose taxes/​austerity measures
    Extra Examples
    • The unemployment trap exists when an unemployed person on benefit would be worse off in a low-paid job.领救济金的失业者如果做低收入的工作后情况更糟，就存在一种失业陷阱。
    • Unemployment climbed above two million.失业人数攀升到 200 万人以上。
    • Unemployment reached 30 per cent.失业率达到30%。
    • This former mining town is now an unemployment black spot.这个昔日的采矿小镇现在成了失业重灾区。
    • Unemployment among graduates is falling steadily.毕业生的待业人数正持续下降。
    • Unemployment has hit unskilled workers in particular.失业尤其冲击到了无特别技能的工人。
    • Scottish unemployment rates were lower than the UK average.苏格兰失业率低于英国平均水平。
    Topics Social issuesb1
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective
    • double-digit
    • high
    • huge
    • …
    … of unemployment
    • level
    • rate
    verb + unemployment
    • be faced with
    • face
    • cause
    • …
    unemployment + verb
    • climb
    • double
    • increase
    • …
    unemployment + noun
    • benefit
    • benefits
    • compensation
    • …
    preposition
    • unemployment  among
    phrases
    • a period of unemployment
    • a rise in unemployment
    • an increase in unemployment
    • …
    See full entry
  2.  
     the state of not having a job无业；没有工作
    • Thousands of young people are facing long-term unemployment.成千上万的青年正面临长期待业状况。
    • He has had long periods of unemployment.他长期失业。
    • One million people suffered unemployment as a result of the Asian tsunami.亚洲海啸导致100万人失业。
    • a study of male/female unemployment男性/女性失业研究
    compare employmentTopics Social issuesb1
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective
    • double-digit
    • high
    • huge
    • …
    … of unemployment
    • level
    • rate
    verb + unemployment
    • be faced with
    • face
    • cause
    • …
    unemployment + verb
    • climb
    • double
    • increase
    • …
    unemployment + noun
    • benefit
    • benefits
    • compensation
    • …
    preposition
    • unemployment  among
    phrases
    • a period of unemployment
    • a rise in unemployment
    • an increase in unemployment
    • …
    See full entry
  3. (also unemployment compensation)
     (both US English)
    (British English unemployment benefit)
    money paid by the government to somebody who is unemployed无业；没有工作
    • Since losing his job, Mike has been collecting unemployment.自从丢了工作之后，迈克一直在领取失业救济金。
    Collocations UnemploymentUnemployment失业Losing your job失业
    • lose your job失业
    • (British English) become/​be made redundant被裁减
    • be offered/​take voluntary redundancy/​early retirement被要求／选择自愿裁退／提前退休
    • face/​be threatened with dismissal/(British English) the sack/(British English) compulsory redundancy面临被解职／被裁／强制裁员；受到解职／被裁／强制裁员的威胁
    • dismiss/​fire/ (especially British English) sack an employee/​a worker/​a manager解雇雇员／工人／经理
    • lay off staff/​workers/​employees解雇员工／工人／雇员
    • (Australian English, New Zealand English, South African English) retrench workers缩减人员
    • cut/​reduce/​downsize/​slash the workforce裁减员工
    • (British English) make staff/​workers/​employees redundant裁员
    Being unemployed失业；待业；下岗
    • be unemployed/​out of work/​out of a job失业
    • seek/​look for work/​employment找工作
    • be on/​collect/​draw/​get/​receive (both British English) unemployment benefit/​jobseeker’s allowance领取失业补助金
    • be/​go/​live/​sign (British English, informal) on the dole领取失业救济金
    • claim/​draw/​get (British English, informal) the dole领取失业救济金
    • be on/​qualify for (North American English) unemployment (compensation)领取／有资格领取失业补偿金
    • be/​go/​live/​depend (North American English) on welfare靠社会保障金过活
    • collect/​receive (North American English) welfare领取社会保障金
    • combat/​tackle/​cut/​reduce unemployment防止／解决／减少失业
Wordfinder
IELTS BNC: 1495 COCA: 3492
unemployment

noun

ADJECTIVE | ... OF UNEMPLOYMENT | VERB + UNEMPLOYMENT | UNEMPLOYMENT + VERB | UNEMPLOYMENT + NOUN | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤double-digit, high, huge, mass, massive, severe, widespread兩位數的失業率；高失業率；大規模失業；大批人失業；嚴峻的失業狀況；普遍的失業▸➤low低失業率▸➤growing, rising上升的失業人數▸➤falling下降的失業率➤chronic長期失業➤involuntary非自願性失業▸➤long-term長期失業▸➤seasonal (especially BrE) 季節性失業▸➤structural結構性失業▸➤graduate, youth大學生／年輕人失業▸➤rural, urban鄉村／城鎮失業人數... OF UNEMPLOYMENT➤level, rate失業率VERB + UNEMPLOYMENT➤be faced with, face面臨失業▸➤cause, create導致／造成失業▸➤alleviate, bring down, cut, reduce緩解失業狀況；降低失業人數▸➤increase使失業人數增加▸➤combat, tackle對付／處理失業問題UNEMPLOYMENT + VERB➤climb, double, increase, rise, soar失業人數攀升／加倍／增加／上升／劇增◇Unemployment climbed above two million.失業人數攀升到 200 萬人以上。➤decline, fall失業人數下降▸➤average sth, remain sth, remain at sth, stand at sth失業率平均為⋯；失業率保持在⋯；失業率為⋯◇Unemployment averaged 15% across the country.全國的失業率平均為 15%。➤hit sth, reach sth失業率達到⋯◇Unemployment hit 10% in 1982.1982 年失業率達到 10%。◇Unemployment reached 30%.失業率達到 30%。UNEMPLOYMENT + NOUN➤benefit, benefits, compensation, cover, insurance (especially NAmE) 失業救濟金；失業補償；失業保險◇New claims for unemployment benefits remain low.新近領取失業救濟金的人仍然不多。➤claims (especially NAmE) 申請失業救濟金▸➤data, figures, levels, numbers, percentage, rate, statistics, total失業數據；失業數字；失業率；失業總數◇The county's unemployment rate has dropped to 9%.該縣的失業率已降至 9%。➤black spot (BrE) 失業重災區◇This former mining town is now an unemployment black spot.這個昔日的採礦小鎮現在成了失業重災區。PREPOSITION➤unemployment among⋯中的失業◇Unemployment among graduates is falling steadily.畢業生的待業人數正持續下降。PHRASES➤a period of unemployment失業期間▸➤a rise in unemployment, an increase in unemployment失業人數上升➤a fall in unemployment失業人數下降
IELTS BNC: 1495 COCA: 3492
unemployment

noun

unemployment ♦︎ redundancy ♦︎ dismissal ♦︎ sacking ♦︎ lay-off ♦︎ dischargeThese are all words for the state of not having a job, the fact of losing your job or the act of officially removing sb from their job. 这些词均表示无业、失业或解雇、开除。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆mass unemployment / redundancies / dismissals / lay-offs◆large-scale unemployment / redundancies / lay-offs◆to face unemployment / redundancy / dismissal◆to lead to / avoid unemployment / redundancies / dismissal■ unemployment [uncountable] the state of not having a job; the fact of a number of people not having a job; the number of people without a job 无业；失业；失业人数◆Thousands of young people are facing long-term unemployment.成千上万的青年正面临长期待业状况。◆It's an area of high unemployment.那是个失业率高的地区。◆Last month saw a rise in both inflation and unemployment.上个月的通胀率和失业人数均有所上升。OPP employment ⇨ work noun 2 ■ redundancy rɪˈdʌndənsi [uncountable, countable, usually plural] (BrE, rather formal) the situation when sb has to leave their job because there is no more work available for them （因劳动力过剩而造成的）裁员，解雇◆Thousands of factory workers are facing redundancy in the New Year.数千名工厂工人在新年面临下岗。◆She decided to take voluntary redundancy (= to offer to leave her job).她决定接受自愿裁退。◆The threat of compulsory redundancies still hangs over the firm.强制裁员的威胁依然笼罩着公司。◆200 workers have been issued with redundancy notices.已有200名工人收到了裁员通知。  see also make sb redundant ⇨ fire verb ■ dismissal [uncountable, countable] (rather formal or law 法律) the act of officially removing sb from their job; an example of this 解雇；开除；撤职◆He still hopes to win his claim against unfair dismissal.他仍然希望赢得遭到无理解雇的赔偿。◆The dismissals followed the resignation of the chairman.董事长辞职后紧接着就是裁员。   see also dismiss ⇨ fire verb ■ sacking [countable] (BrE, rather informal, especially journalism 尤用于新闻) an act of dismissing sb from their job, especially because they have done sth wrong （尤指因犯错导致的）解雇，炒鱿鱼◆A council chief faced calls for his sacking yesterday over allegations that he had accepted bribes.一名市政部门的主管昨日因受贿指控而被要求撤职。   see also sack ⇨ fire verb ■ ˈlay-off [countable] (rather informal, especially journalism 尤用于新闻) an act of making sb unemployed because there is no more work available for them, especially temporarily （因劳动力过剩而造成的）裁员，解雇（尤指临时性的）◆We do not want to risk further lay-offs in the factory.我们不想再在工厂里冒裁员的风险了。ⓘ You can also talk about job cuts in this context. 在这种语境下亦可用job cuts。   see also cut ⇨ reduction , lay sb off ⇨ fire verb ■ discharge ˈdɪstʃɑːdʒ; NAmE ˈdɪstʃɑːrdʒ [countable, uncountable] the act of officially allowing sb, or of telling sb, to leave their job, especially in the army 获准离开；免职；退伍◆The illness resulted in his discharge from the army.这场病导致他从部队退伍。   see also discharge ⇨ fire verb
IELTS BNC: 1495 COCA: 3492

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