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IELTS BNC: 6696 COCA: 9554

inference

noun
/ˈɪnfərəns/
/ˈɪnfərəns/
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  1. [countable] something that you can find out indirectly from what you already know推断的结果;结论 synonym deduction
    • to draw/make inferences from the data根据资料推论出结果
    • The clear inference is that the universe is expanding.显然结论是宇宙在扩大。
    Collocations Scientific researchScientific research科学研究Theory理论
    • formulate/​advance a theory/​hypothesis创立理论;提出假设
    • build/​construct/​create/​develop a simple/​theoretical/​mathematical model创立一个简单/理论/数学模型
    • develop/​establish/​provide/​use a theoretical/​conceptual framework创立/建立/提供/使用理论/概念框架
    • advance/​argue/​develop the thesis that…提出/论证/详尽阐述…的论题
    • explore an idea/​a concept/​a hypothesis探讨一个想法/概念/假设
    • make a prediction/​an inference预测;推断
    • base a prediction/​your calculations on something基于…做出预测/估算
    • investigate/​evaluate/​accept/​challenge/​reject a theory/​hypothesis/​model研究/评估/接受/质疑/拒绝接受一个理论/假设/模型
    Experiment实验
    • design an experiment/​a questionnaire/​a study/​a test设计一项实验/问卷/研究/测试
    • do research/​an experiment/​an analysis做研究/实验/分析
    • make observations/​measurements/​calculations观察;测量;计算
    • carry out/​conduct/​perform an experiment/​a test/​a longitudinal study/​observations/​clinical trials进行实验/测试/纵向研究/观察/临床试验
    • run an experiment/​a simulation/​clinical trials进行实验/模拟/临床试验
    • repeat an experiment/​a test/​an analysis重做实验/测试/分析
    • replicate a study/​the results/​the findings做相同的研究;得出同样的结果/调查结果
    • observe/​study/​examine/​investigate/​assess a pattern/​a process/​a behaviour
    • fund/​support the research/​project/​study资助/支持研究/项目/专题研究
    • seek/​provide/​get/​secure funding for research寻求/提供/得到/争取到研究资金
    Results结果
    • collect/​gather/​extract data/​information收集/提取数据/信息
    • yield data/​evidence/​similar findings/​the same results得到数据/证据/类似调查结果/相同结果
    • analyse/​examine the data/​soil samples/​a specimen分析/考查数据/土壤样本/样本
    • consider/​compare/​interpret the results/​findings思考/比较/解释结果/调查结果
    • fit the data/​model与数据/模型相符合
    • confirm/​support/​verify a prediction/​a hypothesis/​the results/​the findings证实/支持/核实预测/假设/结果/调查结果
    • prove a conjecture/​hypothesis/​theorem证明猜测/假设/定理
    • draw/​make/​reach the same conclusions得出同样的结论
    • read/​review the records/​literature阅读/评论记录/文献
    • describe/​report an experiment/​a study描述/报告一项实验/研究
    • present/​publish/​summarize the results/​findings提交/公布/总结结果/调查结果
    • present/​publish/​read/​review/​cite a paper in a scientific journal向科学杂志提交一篇论文;在科学杂志发表一篇论文;阅读/评论/引用科学杂志上的一篇论文
    Extra Examples
    • The value of data depends on our skill in drawing inferences from it.数据的价值取决于我们从中作出推论的能力。
    • inferences based on their answers to a number of set questions根据他们对一些固定问题的回答而得出的推论
    • There are certain inferences we can draw about the origins of language.关于语言的起源,我们可以得出某些推论。
    • What inferences can we draw from this data?我们从这个数据中能推断出什么?
    Topics Opinion and argumentb2
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective
    • fair
    • logical
    • reasonable
    verb + inference
    • draw
    • make
    • allow
    inference + verb
    • be based on something
    preposition
    • inference about
    • inference from
    See full entry
  2. [uncountable] the act or process of forming an opinion, based on what you already know推断;推理;推论
    • by inference If he is guilty then, by inference, so is his wife (= it is logical to think so, from the same evidence).如果他有罪,那么由此可以推断他的妻子也同样有罪。
    Topics Opinion and argumentb2
    Oxford Collocations Dictionaryadjective
    • fair
    • logical
    • reasonable
    verb + inference
    • draw
    • make
    • allow
    inference + verb
    • be based on something
    preposition
    • inference about
    • inference from
    See full entry
  3. Word Originlate 16th cent.: from medieval Latin inferentia, from inferent- ‘bringing in’, from the verb inferre ‘bring in, bring about’ (in medieval Latin ‘deduce’), from in- ‘into’ + ferre ‘bring’.

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